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<!doctype html><html lang="en-GB-oxendict">
<head><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><meta charset="utf-8"><meta property="og:image" content="https://tc39.es/ecmarkup/ecma-logo.png"><meta property="og:title" content="ECMAScript® 2026 Language&nbsp;Specification"><meta property="og:description" content="Introduction
This Ecma Standard defines the ECMAScript 2026 Language. It is the seventeenth edition of the ECMAScript Language Specification. ECMAScript is based on several originating technologies, the most well-known being JavaScript (Netscape) and JScript (Microsoft). The language was invent">
<link rel="icon" href="../img/favicon.ico">
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/**
* ECMA-262-specific hacks. Shouldn't require a ton of maintenance; audit if
* visual inspection results in unexpected page breaks.
*
* For print version, the table captioned "Module fields after the initial Evaluate() call" _may_ need to set the row
* EVALUATING-ASYNC to one cell with a colspan of 5. It typically does not fit on the page, but the cell merging is
* not a perfectly accurate solution and will not be merged back in to the specification.
* See https://github.com/tc39/ecma262/pull/3623#issuecomment-3029366960
*/
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<title>ECMAScript® 2026 Language&nbsp;Specification</title><script src="../assets/js/multipage.js?cache=Wu2V1pj2" defer=""></script><script src="../assets/js/ecmarkup.js?cache=BPFBckdu" defer=""></script><style>
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</style><link rel="canonical" href="../#sec-memory-model"></head>
<body><div id="menu"><div id="menu-search"><input type="text" id="menu-search-box" placeholder="Search..."><div id="menu-search-results" class="inactive"></div></div><div id="menu-pins"><div class="menu-pane-header">Pins<button class="unpin-all">clear</button></div><ul id="menu-pins-list"></ul></div><div class="menu-pane-header">Table of Contents</div><div id="menu-toc"><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="./#sec-intro" title="Introduction">Introduction</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="scope.html#sec-scope" title="Scope"><span class="secnum">1</span> Scope</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="conformance.html#sec-conformance" title="Conformance"><span class="secnum">2</span> Conformance</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="conformance.html#sec-conformance-normative-optional" title="Example Normative Optional Clause Heading"><span class="secnum">2.1</span> Example Normative Optional Clause Heading</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="conformance.html#sec-conformance-legacy" title="Example Legacy Clause Heading"><span class="secnum">2.2</span> Example Legacy Clause Heading</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="conformance.html#sec-conformance-legacy-normative-optional" title="Example Legacy Normative Optional Clause Heading"><span class="secnum">2.3</span> Example Legacy Normative Optional Clause Heading</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="normative-references.html#sec-normative-references" title="Normative References"><span class="secnum">3</span> Normative References</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="overview.html#sec-overview" title="Overview"><span class="secnum">4</span> Overview</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-web-scripting" title="Web Scripting"><span class="secnum">4.1</span> Web Scripting</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-hosts-and-implementations" title="Hosts and Implementations"><span class="secnum">4.2</span> Hosts and Implementations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="overview.html#sec-ecmascript-overview" title="ECMAScript Overview"><span class="secnum">4.3</span> ECMAScript Overview</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-objects" title="Objects"><span class="secnum">4.3.1</span> Objects</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-strict-variant-of-ecmascript" title="The Strict Variant of ECMAScript"><span class="secnum">4.3.2</span> The Strict Variant of ECMAScript</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions" title="Terms and Definitions"><span class="secnum">4.4</span> Terms and Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-implementation-approximated" title="implementation-approximated"><span class="secnum">4.4.1</span> implementation-approximated</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-implementation-defined" title="implementation-defined"><span class="secnum">4.4.2</span> implementation-defined</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-host-defined" title="host-defined"><span class="secnum">4.4.3</span> host-defined</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-type" title="type"><span class="secnum">4.4.4</span> type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-primitive-value" title="primitive value"><span class="secnum">4.4.5</span> primitive value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-object" title="object"><span class="secnum">4.4.6</span> object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-constructor" title="constructor"><span class="secnum">4.4.7</span> constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-prototype" title="prototype"><span class="secnum">4.4.8</span> prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-ordinary-object" title="ordinary object"><span class="secnum">4.4.9</span> ordinary object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-exotic-object" title="exotic object"><span class="secnum">4.4.10</span> exotic object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-standard-object" title="standard object"><span class="secnum">4.4.11</span> standard object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-built-in-object" title="built-in object"><span class="secnum">4.4.12</span> built-in object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-undefined-value" title="undefined value"><span class="secnum">4.4.13</span> undefined value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-undefined-type" title="Undefined type"><span class="secnum">4.4.14</span> Undefined type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-null-value" title="null value"><span class="secnum">4.4.15</span> null value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-null-type" title="Null type"><span class="secnum">4.4.16</span> Null type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-boolean-value" title="Boolean value"><span class="secnum">4.4.17</span> Boolean value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-boolean-type" title="Boolean type"><span class="secnum">4.4.18</span> Boolean type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-boolean-object" title="Boolean object"><span class="secnum">4.4.19</span> Boolean object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-string-value" title="String value"><span class="secnum">4.4.20</span> String value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-string-type" title="String type"><span class="secnum">4.4.21</span> String type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-string-object" title="String object"><span class="secnum">4.4.22</span> String object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-number-value" title="Number value"><span class="secnum">4.4.23</span> Number value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-number-type" title="Number type"><span class="secnum">4.4.24</span> Number type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-number-object" title="Number object"><span class="secnum">4.4.25</span> Number object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-infinity" title="Infinity"><span class="secnum">4.4.26</span> Infinity</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-nan" title="NaN"><span class="secnum">4.4.27</span> NaN</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-bigint-value" title="BigInt value"><span class="secnum">4.4.28</span> BigInt value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-bigint-type" title="BigInt type"><span class="secnum">4.4.29</span> BigInt type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-bigint-object" title="BigInt object"><span class="secnum">4.4.30</span> BigInt object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-symbol-value" title="Symbol value"><span class="secnum">4.4.31</span> Symbol value</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-symbol-type" title="Symbol type"><span class="secnum">4.4.32</span> Symbol type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-symbol-object" title="Symbol object"><span class="secnum">4.4.33</span> Symbol object</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-terms-and-definitions-function" title="function"><span class="secnum">4.4.34</span> function</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-built-in-function" title="built-in function"><span class="secnum">4.4.35</span> built-in function</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-built-in-constructor" title="built-in constructor"><span class="secnum">4.4.36</span> built-in constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-property" title="property"><span class="secnum">4.4.37</span> property</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-method" title="method"><span class="secnum">4.4.38</span> method</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-built-in-method" title="built-in method"><span class="secnum">4.4.39</span> built-in method</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-attribute" title="attribute"><span class="secnum">4.4.40</span> attribute</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-own-property" title="own property"><span class="secnum">4.4.41</span> own property</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-inherited-property" title="inherited property"><span class="secnum">4.4.42</span> inherited property</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="overview.html#sec-organization-of-this-specification" title="Organization of This Specification"><span class="secnum">4.5</span> Organization of This Specification</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-notational-conventions" title="Notational Conventions"><span class="secnum">5</span> Notational Conventions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-syntactic-and-lexical-grammars" title="Syntactic and Lexical Grammars"><span class="secnum">5.1</span> Syntactic and Lexical Grammars</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-context-free-grammars" title="Context-Free Grammars"><span class="secnum">5.1.1</span> Context-Free Grammars</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-lexical-and-regexp-grammars" title="The Lexical and RegExp Grammars"><span class="secnum">5.1.2</span> The Lexical and RegExp Grammars</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-numeric-string-grammar" title="The Numeric String Grammar"><span class="secnum">5.1.3</span> The Numeric String Grammar</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-syntactic-grammar" title="The Syntactic Grammar"><span class="secnum">5.1.4</span> The Syntactic Grammar</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-grammar-notation" title="Grammar Notation"><span class="secnum">5.1.5</span> Grammar Notation</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-terminal-symbols" title="Terminal Symbols"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.1</span> Terminal Symbols</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-nonterminal-symbols-and-productions" title="Nonterminal Symbols and Productions"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.2</span> Nonterminal Symbols and Productions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-optional-symbols" title="Optional Symbols"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.3</span> Optional Symbols</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-grammatical-parameters" title="Grammatical Parameters"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.4</span> Grammatical Parameters</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-one-of" title="one of"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.5</span> one of</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-empty" title="[empty]"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.6</span> [empty]</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-lookahead-restrictions" title="Lookahead Restrictions"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.7</span> Lookahead Restrictions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-no-lineterminator-here" title="[no LineTerminator here]"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.8</span> [no <emu-nt>LineTerminator</emu-nt> here]</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-but-not" title="but not"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.9</span> but not</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-descriptive-phrases" title="Descriptive Phrases"><span class="secnum">5.1.5.10</span> Descriptive Phrases</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions" title="Algorithm Conventions"><span class="secnum">5.2</span> Algorithm Conventions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-evaluation-order" title="Evaluation Order"><span class="secnum">5.2.1</span> Evaluation Order</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations" title="Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">5.2.2</span> Abstract Operations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions-syntax-directed-operations" title="Syntax-Directed Operations"><span class="secnum">5.2.3</span> Syntax-Directed Operations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-runtime-semantics" title="Runtime Semantics"><span class="secnum">5.2.4</span> Runtime Semantics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-completion-ao" title="Completion ( completionRecord )"><span class="secnum">5.2.4.1</span> Completion ( <var>completionRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-throw-an-exception" title="Throw an Exception"><span class="secnum">5.2.4.2</span> Throw an Exception</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-shorthands-for-unwrapping-completion-records" title="Shorthands for Unwrapping Completion Records"><span class="secnum">5.2.4.3</span> Shorthands for Unwrapping Completion Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-implicit-normal-completion" title="Implicit Normal Completion"><span class="secnum">5.2.4.4</span> Implicit Normal Completion</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-static-semantic-rules" title="Static Semantics"><span class="secnum">5.2.5</span> Static Semantics</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-mathematical-operations" title="Mathematical Operations"><span class="secnum">5.2.6</span> Mathematical Operations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-value-notation" title="Value Notation"><span class="secnum">5.2.7</span> Value Notation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-identity" title="Identity"><span class="secnum">5.2.8</span> Identity</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-data-types-and-values" title="ECMAScript Data Types and Values"><span class="secnum">6</span> ECMAScript Data Types and Values</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types" title="ECMAScript Language Types"><span class="secnum">6.1</span> ECMAScript Language Types</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-undefined-type" title="The Undefined Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.1</span> The Undefined Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-null-type" title="The Null Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.2</span> The Null Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-boolean-type" title="The Boolean Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.3</span> The Boolean Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-string-type" title="The String Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.4</span> The String Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-stringindexof" title="StringIndexOf ( string, searchValue, fromIndex )"><span class="secnum">6.1.4.1</span> StringIndexOf ( <var>string</var>, <var>searchValue</var>, <var>fromIndex</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-stringlastindexof" title="StringLastIndexOf ( string, searchValue, fromIndex )"><span class="secnum">6.1.4.2</span> StringLastIndexOf ( <var>string</var>, <var>searchValue</var>, <var>fromIndex</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-symbol-type" title="The Symbol Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.5</span> The Symbol Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-well-known-symbols" title="Well-Known Symbols"><span class="secnum">6.1.5.1</span> Well-Known Symbols</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types" title="Numeric Types"><span class="secnum">6.1.6</span> Numeric Types</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-number-type" title="The Number Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1</span> The Number Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-unaryMinus" title="Number::unaryMinus ( x )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.1</span> Number::unaryMinus ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-bitwiseNOT" title="Number::bitwiseNOT ( x )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.2</span> Number::bitwiseNOT ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-exponentiate" title="Number::exponentiate ( base, exponent )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.3</span> Number::exponentiate ( <var>base</var>, <var>exponent</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-multiply" title="Number::multiply ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.4</span> Number::multiply ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-divide" title="Number::divide ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.5</span> Number::divide ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-remainder" title="Number::remainder ( n, d )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.6</span> Number::remainder ( <var>n</var>, <var>d</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-add" title="Number::add ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.7</span> Number::add ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-subtract" title="Number::subtract ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.8</span> Number::subtract ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-leftShift" title="Number::leftShift ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.9</span> Number::leftShift ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-signedRightShift" title="Number::signedRightShift ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.10</span> Number::signedRightShift ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-unsignedRightShift" title="Number::unsignedRightShift ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.11</span> Number::unsignedRightShift ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-lessThan" title="Number::lessThan ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.12</span> Number::lessThan ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-equal" title="Number::equal ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.13</span> Number::equal ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-sameValue" title="Number::sameValue ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.14</span> Number::sameValue ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-sameValueZero" title="Number::sameValueZero ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.15</span> Number::sameValueZero ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numberbitwiseop" title="NumberBitwiseOp ( op, x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.16</span> NumberBitwiseOp ( <var>op</var>, <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-bitwiseAND" title="Number::bitwiseAND ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.17</span> Number::bitwiseAND ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-bitwiseXOR" title="Number::bitwiseXOR ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.18</span> Number::bitwiseXOR ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-bitwiseOR" title="Number::bitwiseOR ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.19</span> Number::bitwiseOR ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-number-tostring" title="Number::toString ( x, radix )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.1.20</span> Number::toString ( <var>x</var>, <var>radix</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-language-types-bigint-type" title="The BigInt Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2</span> The BigInt Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-unaryMinus" title="BigInt::unaryMinus ( x )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.1</span> BigInt::unaryMinus ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-bitwiseNOT" title="BigInt::bitwiseNOT ( x )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.2</span> BigInt::bitwiseNOT ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-exponentiate" title="BigInt::exponentiate ( base, exponent )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.3</span> BigInt::exponentiate ( <var>base</var>, <var>exponent</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-multiply" title="BigInt::multiply ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.4</span> BigInt::multiply ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-divide" title="BigInt::divide ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.5</span> BigInt::divide ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-remainder" title="BigInt::remainder ( n, d )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.6</span> BigInt::remainder ( <var>n</var>, <var>d</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-add" title="BigInt::add ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.7</span> BigInt::add ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-subtract" title="BigInt::subtract ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.8</span> BigInt::subtract ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-leftShift" title="BigInt::leftShift ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.9</span> BigInt::leftShift ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-signedRightShift" title="BigInt::signedRightShift ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.10</span> BigInt::signedRightShift ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-unsignedRightShift" title="BigInt::unsignedRightShift ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.11</span> BigInt::unsignedRightShift ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-lessThan" title="BigInt::lessThan ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.12</span> BigInt::lessThan ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-equal" title="BigInt::equal ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.13</span> BigInt::equal ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-binaryand" title="BinaryAnd ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.14</span> BinaryAnd ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-binaryor" title="BinaryOr ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.15</span> BinaryOr ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-binaryxor" title="BinaryXor ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.16</span> BinaryXor ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-bigintbitwiseop" title="BigIntBitwiseOp ( op, x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.17</span> BigIntBitwiseOp ( <var>op</var>, <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-bitwiseAND" title="BigInt::bitwiseAND ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.18</span> BigInt::bitwiseAND ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-bitwiseXOR" title="BigInt::bitwiseXOR ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.19</span> BigInt::bitwiseXOR ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-bitwiseOR" title="BigInt::bitwiseOR ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.20</span> BigInt::bitwiseOR ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-numeric-types-bigint-tostring" title="BigInt::toString ( x, radix )"><span class="secnum">6.1.6.2.21</span> BigInt::toString ( <var>x</var>, <var>radix</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-object-type" title="The Object Type"><span class="secnum">6.1.7</span> The Object Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-property-attributes" title="Property Attributes"><span class="secnum">6.1.7.1</span> Property Attributes</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots" title="Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots"><span class="secnum">6.1.7.2</span> Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-invariants-of-the-essential-internal-methods" title="Invariants of the Essential Internal Methods"><span class="secnum">6.1.7.3</span> Invariants of the Essential Internal Methods</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-well-known-intrinsic-objects" title="Well-Known Intrinsic Objects"><span class="secnum">6.1.7.4</span> Well-Known Intrinsic Objects</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ecmascript-specification-types" title="ECMAScript Specification Types"><span class="secnum">6.2</span> ECMAScript Specification Types</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-enum-specification-type" title="The Enum Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.1</span> The Enum Specification Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" title="The List and Record Specification Types"><span class="secnum">6.2.2</span> The List and Record Specification Types</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" title="The Set and Relation Specification Types"><span class="secnum">6.2.3</span> The Set and Relation Specification Types</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-completion-record-specification-type" title="The Completion Record Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.4</span> The Completion Record Specification Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-normalcompletion" title="NormalCompletion ( value )"><span class="secnum">6.2.4.1</span> NormalCompletion ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-throwcompletion" title="ThrowCompletion ( value )"><span class="secnum">6.2.4.2</span> ThrowCompletion ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-returncompletion" title="ReturnCompletion ( value )"><span class="secnum">6.2.4.3</span> ReturnCompletion ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-updateempty" title="UpdateEmpty ( completionRecord, value )"><span class="secnum">6.2.4.4</span> UpdateEmpty ( <var>completionRecord</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-reference-record-specification-type" title="The Reference Record Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.5</span> The Reference Record Specification Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-ispropertyreference" title="IsPropertyReference ( V )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.1</span> IsPropertyReference ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-isunresolvablereference" title="IsUnresolvableReference ( V )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.2</span> IsUnresolvableReference ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-issuperreference" title="IsSuperReference ( V )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.3</span> IsSuperReference ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-isprivatereference" title="IsPrivateReference ( V )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.4</span> IsPrivateReference ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-getvalue" title="GetValue ( V )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.5</span> GetValue ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-putvalue" title="PutValue ( V, W )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.6</span> PutValue ( <var>V</var>, <var>W</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-getthisvalue" title="GetThisValue ( V )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.7</span> GetThisValue ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-initializereferencedbinding" title="InitializeReferencedBinding ( V, W )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.8</span> InitializeReferencedBinding ( <var>V</var>, <var>W</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-makeprivatereference" title="MakePrivateReference ( baseValue, privateIdentifier )"><span class="secnum">6.2.5.9</span> MakePrivateReference ( <var>baseValue</var>, <var>privateIdentifier</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-property-descriptor-specification-type" title="The Property Descriptor Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.6</span> The Property Descriptor Specification Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-isaccessordescriptor" title="IsAccessorDescriptor ( Desc )"><span class="secnum">6.2.6.1</span> IsAccessorDescriptor ( <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-isdatadescriptor" title="IsDataDescriptor ( Desc )"><span class="secnum">6.2.6.2</span> IsDataDescriptor ( <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-isgenericdescriptor" title="IsGenericDescriptor ( Desc )"><span class="secnum">6.2.6.3</span> IsGenericDescriptor ( <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-frompropertydescriptor" title="FromPropertyDescriptor ( Desc )"><span class="secnum">6.2.6.4</span> FromPropertyDescriptor ( <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-topropertydescriptor" title="ToPropertyDescriptor ( Obj )"><span class="secnum">6.2.6.5</span> ToPropertyDescriptor ( <var>Obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-completepropertydescriptor" title="CompletePropertyDescriptor ( Desc )"><span class="secnum">6.2.6.6</span> CompletePropertyDescriptor ( <var>Desc</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-lexical-environment-and-environment-record-specification-types" title="The Environment Record Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.7</span> The Environment Record Specification Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-abstract-closure" title="The Abstract Closure Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.8</span> The Abstract Closure Specification Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks" title="Data Blocks"><span class="secnum">6.2.9</span> Data Blocks</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-createbytedatablock" title="CreateByteDataBlock ( size )"><span class="secnum">6.2.9.1</span> CreateByteDataBlock ( <var>size</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-createsharedbytedatablock" title="CreateSharedByteDataBlock ( size )"><span class="secnum">6.2.9.2</span> CreateSharedByteDataBlock ( <var>size</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-copydatablockbytes" title="CopyDataBlockBytes ( toBlock, toIndex, fromBlock, fromIndex, count )"><span class="secnum">6.2.9.3</span> CopyDataBlockBytes ( <var>toBlock</var>, <var>toIndex</var>, <var>fromBlock</var>, <var>fromIndex</var>, <var>count</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-privateelement-specification-type" title="The PrivateElement Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.10</span> The PrivateElement Specification Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-classfielddefinition-record-specification-type" title="The ClassFieldDefinition Record Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.11</span> The ClassFieldDefinition Record Specification Type</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-private-names" title="Private Names"><span class="secnum">6.2.12</span> Private Names</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-classstaticblockdefinition-record-specification-type" title="The ClassStaticBlockDefinition Record Specification Type"><span class="secnum">6.2.13</span> The ClassStaticBlockDefinition Record Specification Type</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-abstract-operations" title="Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">7</span> Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-type-conversion" title="Type Conversion"><span class="secnum">7.1</span> Type Conversion</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toprimitive" title="ToPrimitive ( input [ , preferredType ] )"><span class="secnum">7.1.1</span> ToPrimitive ( <var>input</var> [ , <var>preferredType</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-ordinarytoprimitive" title="OrdinaryToPrimitive ( O, hint )"><span class="secnum">7.1.1.1</span> OrdinaryToPrimitive ( <var>O</var>, <var>hint</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toboolean" title="ToBoolean ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.2</span> ToBoolean ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tonumeric" title="ToNumeric ( value )"><span class="secnum">7.1.3</span> ToNumeric ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tonumber" title="ToNumber ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.4</span> ToNumber ( <var>argument</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tonumber-applied-to-the-string-type" title="ToNumber Applied to the String Type"><span class="secnum">7.1.4.1</span> ToNumber Applied to the String Type</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-stringtonumber" title="StringToNumber ( str )"><span class="secnum">7.1.4.1.1</span> StringToNumber ( <var>str</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-stringnumericvalue" title="Runtime Semantics: StringNumericValue"><span class="secnum">7.1.4.1.2</span> RS: StringNumericValue</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-roundmvresult" title="RoundMVResult ( n )"><span class="secnum">7.1.4.1.3</span> RoundMVResult ( <var>n</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tointegerorinfinity" title="ToIntegerOrInfinity ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.5</span> ToIntegerOrInfinity ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toint32" title="ToInt32 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.6</span> ToInt32 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-touint32" title="ToUint32 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.7</span> ToUint32 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toint16" title="ToInt16 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.8</span> ToInt16 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-touint16" title="ToUint16 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.9</span> ToUint16 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toint8" title="ToInt8 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.10</span> ToInt8 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-touint8" title="ToUint8 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.11</span> ToUint8 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-touint8clamp" title="ToUint8Clamp ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.12</span> ToUint8Clamp ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tobigint" title="ToBigInt ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.13</span> ToBigInt ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-stringtobigint" title="StringToBigInt ( str )"><span class="secnum">7.1.14</span> StringToBigInt ( <var>str</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-stringintegerliteral-grammar" title="StringIntegerLiteral Grammar"><span class="secnum">7.1.14.1</span> StringIntegerLiteral Grammar</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-mv-for-stringintegerliteral" title="Runtime Semantics: MV"><span class="secnum">7.1.14.2</span> RS: MV</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tobigint64" title="ToBigInt64 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.15</span> ToBigInt64 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tobiguint64" title="ToBigUint64 ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.16</span> ToBigUint64 ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tostring" title="ToString ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.17</span> ToString ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toobject" title="ToObject ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.18</span> ToObject ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-topropertykey" title="ToPropertyKey ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.19</span> ToPropertyKey ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-tolength" title="ToLength ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.20</span> ToLength ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-canonicalnumericindexstring" title="CanonicalNumericIndexString ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.1.21</span> CanonicalNumericIndexString ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-toindex" title="ToIndex ( value )"><span class="secnum">7.1.22</span> ToIndex ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-testing-and-comparison-operations" title="Testing and Comparison Operations"><span class="secnum">7.2</span> Testing and Comparison Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-requireobjectcoercible" title="RequireObjectCoercible ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.2.1</span> RequireObjectCoercible ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-isarray" title="IsArray ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.2.2</span> IsArray ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iscallable" title="IsCallable ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.2.3</span> IsCallable ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-isconstructor" title="IsConstructor ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.2.4</span> IsConstructor ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-isextensible-o" title="IsExtensible ( O )"><span class="secnum">7.2.5</span> IsExtensible ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-isregexp" title="IsRegExp ( argument )"><span class="secnum">7.2.6</span> IsRegExp ( <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-isstringwellformedunicode" title="Static Semantics: IsStringWellFormedUnicode ( string )"><span class="secnum">7.2.7</span> SS: IsStringWellFormedUnicode ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-sametype" title="SameType ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">7.2.8</span> SameType ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-samevalue" title="SameValue ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">7.2.9</span> SameValue ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-samevaluezero" title="SameValueZero ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">7.2.10</span> SameValueZero ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-samevaluenonnumber" title="SameValueNonNumber ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">7.2.11</span> SameValueNonNumber ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-islessthan" title="IsLessThan ( x, y, LeftFirst )"><span class="secnum">7.2.12</span> IsLessThan ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var>, <var>LeftFirst</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-islooselyequal" title="IsLooselyEqual ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">7.2.13</span> IsLooselyEqual ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-isstrictlyequal" title="IsStrictlyEqual ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">7.2.14</span> IsStrictlyEqual ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-operations-on-objects" title="Operations on Objects"><span class="secnum">7.3</span> Operations on Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-makebasicobject" title="MakeBasicObject ( internalSlotsList )"><span class="secnum">7.3.1</span> MakeBasicObject ( <var>internalSlotsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-get-o-p" title="Get ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.2</span> Get ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getv" title="GetV ( V, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.3</span> GetV ( <var>V</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-set-o-p-v-throw" title="Set ( O, P, V, Throw )"><span class="secnum">7.3.4</span> Set ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Throw</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createdataproperty" title="CreateDataProperty ( O, P, V )"><span class="secnum">7.3.5</span> CreateDataProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createdatapropertyorthrow" title="CreateDataPropertyOrThrow ( O, P, V )"><span class="secnum">7.3.6</span> CreateDataPropertyOrThrow ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createnonenumerabledatapropertyorthrow" title="CreateNonEnumerableDataPropertyOrThrow ( O, P, V )"><span class="secnum">7.3.7</span> CreateNonEnumerableDataPropertyOrThrow ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-definepropertyorthrow" title="DefinePropertyOrThrow ( O, P, desc )"><span class="secnum">7.3.8</span> DefinePropertyOrThrow ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-deletepropertyorthrow" title="DeletePropertyOrThrow ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.9</span> DeletePropertyOrThrow ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getmethod" title="GetMethod ( V, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.10</span> GetMethod ( <var>V</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-hasproperty" title="HasProperty ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.11</span> HasProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-hasownproperty" title="HasOwnProperty ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.12</span> HasOwnProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-call" title="Call ( F, V [ , argumentsList ] )"><span class="secnum">7.3.13</span> Call ( <var>F</var>, <var>V</var> [ , <var>argumentsList</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-construct" title="Construct ( F [ , argumentsList [ , newTarget ] ] )"><span class="secnum">7.3.14</span> Construct ( <var>F</var> [ , <var>argumentsList</var> [ , <var>newTarget</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-setintegritylevel" title="SetIntegrityLevel ( O, level )"><span class="secnum">7.3.15</span> SetIntegrityLevel ( <var>O</var>, <var>level</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-testintegritylevel" title="TestIntegrityLevel ( O, level )"><span class="secnum">7.3.16</span> TestIntegrityLevel ( <var>O</var>, <var>level</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createarrayfromlist" title="CreateArrayFromList ( elements )"><span class="secnum">7.3.17</span> CreateArrayFromList ( <var>elements</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-lengthofarraylike" title="LengthOfArrayLike ( obj )"><span class="secnum">7.3.18</span> LengthOfArrayLike ( <var>obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createlistfromarraylike" title="CreateListFromArrayLike ( obj [ , validElementTypes ] )"><span class="secnum">7.3.19</span> CreateListFromArrayLike ( <var>obj</var> [ , <var>validElementTypes</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-invoke" title="Invoke ( V, P [ , argumentsList ] )"><span class="secnum">7.3.20</span> Invoke ( <var>V</var>, <var>P</var> [ , <var>argumentsList</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-ordinaryhasinstance" title="OrdinaryHasInstance ( C, O )"><span class="secnum">7.3.21</span> OrdinaryHasInstance ( <var>C</var>, <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-speciesconstructor" title="SpeciesConstructor ( O, defaultConstructor )"><span class="secnum">7.3.22</span> SpeciesConstructor ( <var>O</var>, <var>defaultConstructor</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-enumerableownproperties" title="EnumerableOwnProperties ( O, kind )"><span class="secnum">7.3.23</span> EnumerableOwnProperties ( <var>O</var>, <var>kind</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getfunctionrealm" title="GetFunctionRealm ( obj )"><span class="secnum">7.3.24</span> GetFunctionRealm ( <var>obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-copydataproperties" title="CopyDataProperties ( target, source, excludedItems )"><span class="secnum">7.3.25</span> CopyDataProperties ( <var>target</var>, <var>source</var>, <var>excludedItems</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-privateelementfind" title="PrivateElementFind ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.26</span> PrivateElementFind ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-privatefieldadd" title="PrivateFieldAdd ( O, P, value )"><span class="secnum">7.3.27</span> PrivateFieldAdd ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-privatemethodoraccessoradd" title="PrivateMethodOrAccessorAdd ( O, method )"><span class="secnum">7.3.28</span> PrivateMethodOrAccessorAdd ( <var>O</var>, <var>method</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-hostensurecanaddprivateelement" title="HostEnsureCanAddPrivateElement ( O )"><span class="secnum">7.3.29</span> HostEnsureCanAddPrivateElement ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-privateget" title="PrivateGet ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">7.3.30</span> PrivateGet ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-privateset" title="PrivateSet ( O, P, value )"><span class="secnum">7.3.31</span> PrivateSet ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-definefield" title="DefineField ( receiver, fieldRecord )"><span class="secnum">7.3.32</span> DefineField ( <var>receiver</var>, <var>fieldRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-initializeinstanceelements" title="InitializeInstanceElements ( O, constructor )"><span class="secnum">7.3.33</span> InitializeInstanceElements ( <var>O</var>, <var>constructor</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-add-value-to-keyed-group" title="AddValueToKeyedGroup ( groups, key, value )"><span class="secnum">7.3.34</span> AddValueToKeyedGroup ( <var>groups</var>, <var>key</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-groupby" title="GroupBy ( items, callback, keyCoercion )"><span class="secnum">7.3.35</span> GroupBy ( <var>items</var>, <var>callback</var>, <var>keyCoercion</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getoptionsobject" title="GetOptionsObject ( options )"><span class="secnum">7.3.36</span> GetOptionsObject ( <var>options</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-SetterThatIgnoresPrototypeProperties" title="SetterThatIgnoresPrototypeProperties ( thisValue, home, p, v )"><span class="secnum">7.3.37</span> SetterThatIgnoresPrototypeProperties ( <var>thisValue</var>, <var>home</var>, <var>p</var>, <var>v</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-operations-on-iterator-objects" title="Operations on Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">7.4</span> Operations on Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iterator-records" title="Iterator Records"><span class="secnum">7.4.1</span> Iterator Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getiteratordirect" title="GetIteratorDirect ( obj )"><span class="secnum">7.4.2</span> GetIteratorDirect ( <var>obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getiteratorfrommethod" title="GetIteratorFromMethod ( obj, method )"><span class="secnum">7.4.3</span> GetIteratorFromMethod ( <var>obj</var>, <var>method</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getiterator" title="GetIterator ( obj, kind )"><span class="secnum">7.4.4</span> GetIterator ( <var>obj</var>, <var>kind</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-getiteratorflattenable" title="GetIteratorFlattenable ( obj, primitiveHandling )"><span class="secnum">7.4.5</span> GetIteratorFlattenable ( <var>obj</var>, <var>primitiveHandling</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratornext" title="IteratorNext ( iteratorRecord [ , value ] )"><span class="secnum">7.4.6</span> IteratorNext ( <var>iteratorRecord</var> [ , <var>value</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratorcomplete" title="IteratorComplete ( iteratorResult )"><span class="secnum">7.4.7</span> IteratorComplete ( <var>iteratorResult</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratorvalue" title="IteratorValue ( iteratorResult )"><span class="secnum">7.4.8</span> IteratorValue ( <var>iteratorResult</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratorstep" title="IteratorStep ( iteratorRecord )"><span class="secnum">7.4.9</span> IteratorStep ( <var>iteratorRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratorstepvalue" title="IteratorStepValue ( iteratorRecord )"><span class="secnum">7.4.10</span> IteratorStepValue ( <var>iteratorRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratorclose" title="IteratorClose ( iteratorRecord, completion )"><span class="secnum">7.4.11</span> IteratorClose ( <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>completion</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratorcloseall" title="IteratorCloseAll ( iters, completion )"><span class="secnum">7.4.12</span> IteratorCloseAll ( <var>iters</var>, <var>completion</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-ifabruptcloseiterator" title="IfAbruptCloseIterator ( value, iteratorRecord )"><span class="secnum">7.4.13</span> IfAbruptCloseIterator ( <var>value</var>, <var>iteratorRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-asynciteratorclose" title="AsyncIteratorClose ( iteratorRecord, completion )"><span class="secnum">7.4.14</span> AsyncIteratorClose ( <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>completion</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-ifabruptcloseasynciterator" title="IfAbruptCloseAsyncIterator ( value, iteratorRecord )"><span class="secnum">7.4.15</span> IfAbruptCloseAsyncIterator ( <var>value</var>, <var>iteratorRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createiterresultobject" title="CreateIteratorResultObject ( value, done )"><span class="secnum">7.4.16</span> CreateIteratorResultObject ( <var>value</var>, <var>done</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-createlistiteratorRecord" title="CreateListIteratorRecord ( list )"><span class="secnum">7.4.17</span> CreateListIteratorRecord ( <var>list</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="abstract-operations.html#sec-iteratortolist" title="IteratorToList ( iteratorRecord )"><span class="secnum">7.4.18</span> IteratorToList ( <var>iteratorRecord</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-syntax-directed-operations" title="Syntax-Directed Operations"><span class="secnum">8</span> Syntax-Directed Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">8.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-syntax-directed-operations-scope-analysis" title="Scope Analysis"><span class="secnum">8.2</span> Scope Analysis</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-boundnames" title="Static Semantics: BoundNames"><span class="secnum">8.2.1</span> SS: BoundNames</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-declarationpart" title="Static Semantics: DeclarationPart"><span class="secnum">8.2.2</span> SS: DeclarationPart</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-isconstantdeclaration" title="Static Semantics: IsConstantDeclaration"><span class="secnum">8.2.3</span> SS: IsConstantDeclaration</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-lexicallydeclarednames" title="Static Semantics: LexicallyDeclaredNames"><span class="secnum">8.2.4</span> SS: LexicallyDeclaredNames</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-lexicallyscopeddeclarations" title="Static Semantics: LexicallyScopedDeclarations"><span class="secnum">8.2.5</span> SS: LexicallyScopedDeclarations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-vardeclarednames" title="Static Semantics: VarDeclaredNames"><span class="secnum">8.2.6</span> SS: VarDeclaredNames</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-varscopeddeclarations" title="Static Semantics: VarScopedDeclarations"><span class="secnum">8.2.7</span> SS: VarScopedDeclarations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-toplevellexicallydeclarednames" title="Static Semantics: TopLevelLexicallyDeclaredNames"><span class="secnum">8.2.8</span> SS: TopLevelLexicallyDeclaredNames</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-toplevellexicallyscopeddeclarations" title="Static Semantics: TopLevelLexicallyScopedDeclarations"><span class="secnum">8.2.9</span> SS: TopLevelLexicallyScopedDeclarations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-toplevelvardeclarednames" title="Static Semantics: TopLevelVarDeclaredNames"><span class="secnum">8.2.10</span> SS: TopLevelVarDeclaredNames</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-toplevelvarscopeddeclarations" title="Static Semantics: TopLevelVarScopedDeclarations"><span class="secnum">8.2.11</span> SS: TopLevelVarScopedDeclarations</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-syntax-directed-operations-labels" title="Labels"><span class="secnum">8.3</span> Labels</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-containsduplicatelabels" title="Static Semantics: ContainsDuplicateLabels"><span class="secnum">8.3.1</span> SS: ContainsDuplicateLabels</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-containsundefinedbreaktarget" title="Static Semantics: ContainsUndefinedBreakTarget"><span class="secnum">8.3.2</span> SS: ContainsUndefinedBreakTarget</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-containsundefinedcontinuetarget" title="Static Semantics: ContainsUndefinedContinueTarget"><span class="secnum">8.3.3</span> SS: ContainsUndefinedContinueTarget</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-syntax-directed-operations-function-name-inference" title="Function Name Inference"><span class="secnum">8.4</span> Function Name Inference</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-hasname" title="Static Semantics: HasName"><span class="secnum">8.4.1</span> SS: HasName</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-isfunctiondefinition" title="Static Semantics: IsFunctionDefinition"><span class="secnum">8.4.2</span> SS: IsFunctionDefinition</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-isanonymousfunctiondefinition" title="Static Semantics: IsAnonymousFunctionDefinition ( expr )"><span class="secnum">8.4.3</span> SS: IsAnonymousFunctionDefinition ( <var>expr</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-isidentifierref" title="Static Semantics: IsIdentifierRef"><span class="secnum">8.4.4</span> SS: IsIdentifierRef</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-namedevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: NamedEvaluation"><span class="secnum">8.4.5</span> RS: NamedEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-syntax-directed-operations-contains" title="Contains"><span class="secnum">8.5</span> Contains</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-contains" title="Static Semantics: Contains"><span class="secnum">8.5.1</span> SS: Contains</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-computedpropertycontains" title="Static Semantics: ComputedPropertyContains"><span class="secnum">8.5.2</span> SS: ComputedPropertyContains</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-syntax-directed-operations-miscellaneous" title="Miscellaneous"><span class="secnum">8.6</span> Miscellaneous</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiatefunctionobject" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateFunctionObject"><span class="secnum">8.6.1</span> RS: InstantiateFunctionObject</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-bindinginitialization" title="Runtime Semantics: BindingInitialization"><span class="secnum">8.6.2</span> RS: BindingInitialization</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-initializeboundname" title="InitializeBoundName ( name, value, environment )"><span class="secnum">8.6.2.1</span> InitializeBoundName ( <var>name</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>environment</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-iteratorbindinginitialization" title="Runtime Semantics: IteratorBindingInitialization"><span class="secnum">8.6.3</span> RS: IteratorBindingInitialization</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-assignmenttargettype" title="Static Semantics: AssignmentTargetType"><span class="secnum">8.6.4</span> SS: AssignmentTargetType</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="syntax-directed-operations.html#sec-static-semantics-propname" title="Static Semantics: PropName"><span class="secnum">8.6.5</span> SS: PropName</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-executable-code-and-execution-contexts" title="Executable Code and Execution Contexts"><span class="secnum">9</span> Executable Code and Execution Contexts</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-environment-records" title="Environment Records"><span class="secnum">9.1</span> Environment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-the-environment-record-type-hierarchy" title="The Environment Record Type Hierarchy"><span class="secnum">9.1.1</span> The Environment Record Type Hierarchy</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records" title="Declarative Environment Records"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1</span> Declarative Environment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-hasbinding-n" title="HasBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.1</span> HasBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-createmutablebinding-n-d" title="CreateMutableBinding ( N, D )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.2</span> CreateMutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>D</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-createimmutablebinding-n-s" title="CreateImmutableBinding ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.3</span> CreateImmutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-initializebinding-n-v" title="InitializeBinding ( N, V )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.4</span> InitializeBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-setmutablebinding-n-v-s" title="SetMutableBinding ( N, V, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.5</span> SetMutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-getbindingvalue-n-s" title="GetBindingValue ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.6</span> GetBindingValue ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-deletebinding-n" title="DeleteBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.7</span> DeleteBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-hasthisbinding" title="HasThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.8</span> HasThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-getthisbinding" title="GetThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.9</span> GetThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-hassuperbinding" title="HasSuperBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.10</span> HasSuperBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-declarative-environment-records-withbaseobject" title="WithBaseObject ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.1.11</span> WithBaseObject ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records" title="Object Environment Records"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2</span> Object Environment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-hasbinding-n" title="HasBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.1</span> HasBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-createmutablebinding-n-d" title="CreateMutableBinding ( N, D )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.2</span> CreateMutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>D</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-createimmutablebinding-n-s" title="CreateImmutableBinding ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.3</span> CreateImmutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-initializebinding-n-v" title="InitializeBinding ( N, V )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.4</span> InitializeBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-setmutablebinding-n-v-s" title="SetMutableBinding ( N, V, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.5</span> SetMutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-getbindingvalue-n-s" title="GetBindingValue ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.6</span> GetBindingValue ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-deletebinding-n" title="DeleteBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.7</span> DeleteBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-hasthisbinding" title="HasThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.8</span> HasThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-getthisbinding" title="GetThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.9</span> GetThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-hassuperbinding" title="HasSuperBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.10</span> HasSuperBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-object-environment-records-withbaseobject" title="WithBaseObject ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.2.11</span> WithBaseObject ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-function-environment-records" title="Function Environment Records"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.3</span> Function Environment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-bindthisvalue" title="BindThisValue ( envRec, V )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.3.1</span> BindThisValue ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-function-environment-records-hasthisbinding" title="HasThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.3.2</span> HasThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-function-environment-records-getthisbinding" title="GetThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.3.3</span> GetThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-function-environment-records-hassuperbinding" title="HasSuperBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.3.4</span> HasSuperBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-getsuperbase" title="GetSuperBase ( envRec )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.3.5</span> GetSuperBase ( <var>envRec</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records" title="Global Environment Records"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4</span> Global Environment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-hasbinding-n" title="HasBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.1</span> HasBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-createmutablebinding-n-d" title="CreateMutableBinding ( N, D )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.2</span> CreateMutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>D</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-createimmutablebinding-n-s" title="CreateImmutableBinding ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.3</span> CreateImmutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-initializebinding-n-v" title="InitializeBinding ( N, V )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.4</span> InitializeBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-setmutablebinding-n-v-s" title="SetMutableBinding ( N, V, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.5</span> SetMutableBinding ( <var>N</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-getbindingvalue-n-s" title="GetBindingValue ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.6</span> GetBindingValue ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-deletebinding-n" title="DeleteBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.7</span> DeleteBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-hasthisbinding" title="HasThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.8</span> HasThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-getthisbinding" title="GetThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.9</span> GetThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-hassuperbinding" title="HasSuperBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.10</span> HasSuperBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-global-environment-records-withbaseobject" title="WithBaseObject ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.11</span> WithBaseObject ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-haslexicaldeclaration" title="HasLexicalDeclaration ( envRec, N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.12</span> HasLexicalDeclaration ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-hasrestrictedglobalproperty" title="HasRestrictedGlobalProperty ( envRec, N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.13</span> HasRestrictedGlobalProperty ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-candeclareglobalvar" title="CanDeclareGlobalVar ( envRec, N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.14</span> CanDeclareGlobalVar ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-candeclareglobalfunction" title="CanDeclareGlobalFunction ( envRec, N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.15</span> CanDeclareGlobalFunction ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-createglobalvarbinding" title="CreateGlobalVarBinding ( envRec, N, D )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.16</span> CreateGlobalVarBinding ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var>, <var>D</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-createglobalfunctionbinding" title="CreateGlobalFunctionBinding ( envRec, N, V, D )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.4.17</span> CreateGlobalFunctionBinding ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>D</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-module-environment-records" title="Module Environment Records"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.5</span> Module Environment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-module-environment-records-getbindingvalue-n-s" title="GetBindingValue ( N, S )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.5.1</span> GetBindingValue ( <var>N</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-module-environment-records-deletebinding-n" title="DeleteBinding ( N )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.5.2</span> DeleteBinding ( <var>N</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-module-environment-records-hasthisbinding" title="HasThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.5.3</span> HasThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-module-environment-records-getthisbinding" title="GetThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.5.4</span> GetThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-createimportbinding" title="CreateImportBinding ( envRec, N, M, N2 )"><span class="secnum">9.1.1.5.5</span> CreateImportBinding ( <var>envRec</var>, <var>N</var>, <var>M</var>, <var>N2</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-environment-record-operations" title="Environment Record Operations"><span class="secnum">9.1.2</span> Environment Record Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-getidentifierreference" title="GetIdentifierReference ( env, name, strict )"><span class="secnum">9.1.2.1</span> GetIdentifierReference ( <var>env</var>, <var>name</var>, <var>strict</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-newdeclarativeenvironment" title="NewDeclarativeEnvironment ( E )"><span class="secnum">9.1.2.2</span> NewDeclarativeEnvironment ( <var>E</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-newobjectenvironment" title="NewObjectEnvironment ( O, W, E )"><span class="secnum">9.1.2.3</span> NewObjectEnvironment ( <var>O</var>, <var>W</var>, <var>E</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-newfunctionenvironment" title="NewFunctionEnvironment ( F, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">9.1.2.4</span> NewFunctionEnvironment ( <var>F</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-newglobalenvironment" title="NewGlobalEnvironment ( G, thisValue )"><span class="secnum">9.1.2.5</span> NewGlobalEnvironment ( <var>G</var>, <var>thisValue</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-newmoduleenvironment" title="NewModuleEnvironment ( E )"><span class="secnum">9.1.2.6</span> NewModuleEnvironment ( <var>E</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-privateenvironment-records" title="PrivateEnvironment Records"><span class="secnum">9.2</span> PrivateEnvironment Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-privateenvironment-record-operations" title="PrivateEnvironment Record Operations"><span class="secnum">9.2.1</span> PrivateEnvironment Record Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-newprivateenvironment" title="NewPrivateEnvironment ( outerPrivateEnv )"><span class="secnum">9.2.1.1</span> NewPrivateEnvironment ( <var>outerPrivateEnv</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-resolve-private-identifier" title="ResolvePrivateIdentifier ( privateEnv, identifier )"><span class="secnum">9.2.1.2</span> ResolvePrivateIdentifier ( <var>privateEnv</var>, <var>identifier</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-code-realms" title="Realms"><span class="secnum">9.3</span> Realms</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-initializehostdefinedrealm" title="InitializeHostDefinedRealm ( )"><span class="secnum">9.3.1</span> InitializeHostDefinedRealm ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-createintrinsics" title="CreateIntrinsics ( realmRec )"><span class="secnum">9.3.2</span> CreateIntrinsics ( <var>realmRec</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-setdefaultglobalbindings" title="SetDefaultGlobalBindings ( realmRec )"><span class="secnum">9.3.3</span> SetDefaultGlobalBindings ( <var>realmRec</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-execution-contexts" title="Execution Contexts"><span class="secnum">9.4</span> Execution Contexts</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-getactivescriptormodule" title="GetActiveScriptOrModule ( )"><span class="secnum">9.4.1</span> GetActiveScriptOrModule ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-resolvebinding" title="ResolveBinding ( name [ , env ] )"><span class="secnum">9.4.2</span> ResolveBinding ( <var>name</var> [ , <var>env</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-getthisenvironment" title="GetThisEnvironment ( )"><span class="secnum">9.4.3</span> GetThisEnvironment ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-resolvethisbinding" title="ResolveThisBinding ( )"><span class="secnum">9.4.4</span> ResolveThisBinding ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-getnewtarget" title="GetNewTarget ( )"><span class="secnum">9.4.5</span> GetNewTarget ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-getglobalobject" title="GetGlobalObject ( )"><span class="secnum">9.4.6</span> GetGlobalObject ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-jobs" title="Jobs and Host Operations to Enqueue Jobs"><span class="secnum">9.5</span> Jobs and Host Operations to Enqueue Jobs</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-jobcallback-records" title="JobCallback Records"><span class="secnum">9.5.1</span> JobCallback Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-hostmakejobcallback" title="HostMakeJobCallback ( callback )"><span class="secnum">9.5.2</span> HostMakeJobCallback ( <var>callback</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-hostcalljobcallback" title="HostCallJobCallback ( jobCallback, V, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">9.5.3</span> HostCallJobCallback ( <var>jobCallback</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-hostenqueuegenericjob" title="HostEnqueueGenericJob ( job, realm )"><span class="secnum">9.5.4</span> HostEnqueueGenericJob ( <var>job</var>, <var>realm</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-hostenqueuepromisejob" title="HostEnqueuePromiseJob ( job, realm )"><span class="secnum">9.5.5</span> HostEnqueuePromiseJob ( <var>job</var>, <var>realm</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-hostenqueuetimeoutjob" title="HostEnqueueTimeoutJob ( timeoutJob, realm, milliseconds )"><span class="secnum">9.5.6</span> HostEnqueueTimeoutJob ( <var>timeoutJob</var>, <var>realm</var>, <var>milliseconds</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agents" title="Agents"><span class="secnum">9.6</span> Agents</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agentsignifier" title="AgentSignifier ( )"><span class="secnum">9.6.1</span> AgentSignifier ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agentcansuspend" title="AgentCanSuspend ( )"><span class="secnum">9.6.2</span> AgentCanSuspend ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-IncrementModuleAsyncEvaluationCount" title="IncrementModuleAsyncEvaluationCount ( )"><span class="secnum">9.6.3</span> IncrementModuleAsyncEvaluationCount ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters" title="Agent Clusters"><span class="secnum">9.7</span> Agent Clusters</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-forward-progress" title="Forward Progress"><span class="secnum">9.8</span> Forward Progress</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-weakref-processing-model" title="Processing Model of WeakRef and FinalizationRegistry Targets"><span class="secnum">9.9</span> Processing Model of WeakRef and FinalizationRegistry Targets</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-weakref-invariants" title="Objectives"><span class="secnum">9.9.1</span> Objectives</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-liveness" title="Liveness"><span class="secnum">9.9.2</span> Liveness</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-weakref-execution" title="Execution"><span class="secnum">9.9.3</span> Execution</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-weakref-host-hooks" title="Host Hooks"><span class="secnum">9.9.4</span> Host Hooks</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-host-cleanup-finalization-registry" title="HostEnqueueFinalizationRegistryCleanupJob ( finalizationRegistry )"><span class="secnum">9.9.4.1</span> HostEnqueueFinalizationRegistryCleanupJob ( <var>finalizationRegistry</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-clear-kept-objects" title="ClearKeptObjects ( )"><span class="secnum">9.10</span> ClearKeptObjects ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-addtokeptobjects" title="AddToKeptObjects ( value )"><span class="secnum">9.11</span> AddToKeptObjects ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-cleanup-finalization-registry" title="CleanupFinalizationRegistry ( finalizationRegistry )"><span class="secnum">9.12</span> CleanupFinalizationRegistry ( <var>finalizationRegistry</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-canbeheldweakly" title="CanBeHeldWeakly ( v )"><span class="secnum">9.13</span> CanBeHeldWeakly ( <var>v</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours" title="Ordinary and Exotic Objects Behaviours"><span class="secnum">10</span> Ordinary and Exotic Objects Behaviours</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots" title="Ordinary Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots"><span class="secnum">10.1</span> Ordinary Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-getprototypeof" title="[[GetPrototypeOf]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.1.1</span> <var class="field">[[GetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarygetprototypeof" title="OrdinaryGetPrototypeOf ( O )"><span class="secnum">10.1.1.1</span> OrdinaryGetPrototypeOf ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-setprototypeof-v" title="[[SetPrototypeOf]] ( V )"><span class="secnum">10.1.2</span> <var class="field">[[SetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( <var>V</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarysetprototypeof" title="OrdinarySetPrototypeOf ( O, V )"><span class="secnum">10.1.2.1</span> OrdinarySetPrototypeOf ( <var>O</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-isextensible" title="[[IsExtensible]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.1.3</span> <var class="field">[[IsExtensible]]</var> ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryisextensible" title="OrdinaryIsExtensible ( O )"><span class="secnum">10.1.3.1</span> OrdinaryIsExtensible ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-preventextensions" title="[[PreventExtensions]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.1.4</span> <var class="field">[[PreventExtensions]]</var> ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarypreventextensions" title="OrdinaryPreventExtensions ( O )"><span class="secnum">10.1.4.1</span> OrdinaryPreventExtensions ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-getownproperty-p" title="[[GetOwnProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.1.5</span> <var class="field">[[GetOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarygetownproperty" title="OrdinaryGetOwnProperty ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">10.1.5.1</span> OrdinaryGetOwnProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-defineownproperty-p-desc" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.1.6</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarydefineownproperty" title="OrdinaryDefineOwnProperty ( O, P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.1.6.1</span> OrdinaryDefineOwnProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-iscompatiblepropertydescriptor" title="IsCompatiblePropertyDescriptor ( Extensible, Desc, Current )"><span class="secnum">10.1.6.2</span> IsCompatiblePropertyDescriptor ( <var>Extensible</var>, <var>Desc</var>, <var>Current</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-validateandapplypropertydescriptor" title="ValidateAndApplyPropertyDescriptor ( O, P, extensible, Desc, current )"><span class="secnum">10.1.6.3</span> ValidateAndApplyPropertyDescriptor ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>extensible</var>, <var>Desc</var>, <var>current</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-hasproperty-p" title="[[HasProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.1.7</span> <var class="field">[[HasProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryhasproperty" title="OrdinaryHasProperty ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">10.1.7.1</span> OrdinaryHasProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-get-p-receiver" title="[[Get]] ( P, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.1.8</span> <var class="field">[[Get]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryget" title="OrdinaryGet ( O, P, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.1.8.1</span> OrdinaryGet ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-set-p-v-receiver" title="[[Set]] ( P, V, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.1.9</span> <var class="field">[[Set]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryset" title="OrdinarySet ( O, P, V, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.1.9.1</span> OrdinarySet ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarysetwithowndescriptor" title="OrdinarySetWithOwnDescriptor ( O, P, V, Receiver, ownDesc )"><span class="secnum">10.1.9.2</span> OrdinarySetWithOwnDescriptor ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var>, <var>ownDesc</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-delete-p" title="[[Delete]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.1.10</span> <var class="field">[[Delete]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarydelete" title="OrdinaryDelete ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">10.1.10.1</span> OrdinaryDelete ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinary-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-ownpropertykeys" title="[[OwnPropertyKeys]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.1.11</span> <var class="field">[[OwnPropertyKeys]]</var> ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryownpropertykeys" title="OrdinaryOwnPropertyKeys ( O )"><span class="secnum">10.1.11.1</span> OrdinaryOwnPropertyKeys ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryobjectcreate" title="OrdinaryObjectCreate ( proto [ , additionalInternalSlotsList ] )"><span class="secnum">10.1.12</span> OrdinaryObjectCreate ( <var>proto</var> [ , <var>additionalInternalSlotsList</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarycreatefromconstructor" title="OrdinaryCreateFromConstructor ( constructor, intrinsicDefaultProto [ , internalSlotsList ] )"><span class="secnum">10.1.13</span> OrdinaryCreateFromConstructor ( <var>constructor</var>, <var>intrinsicDefaultProto</var> [ , <var>internalSlotsList</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-getprototypefromconstructor" title="GetPrototypeFromConstructor ( constructor, intrinsicDefaultProto )"><span class="secnum">10.1.14</span> GetPrototypeFromConstructor ( <var>constructor</var>, <var>intrinsicDefaultProto</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-requireinternalslot" title="RequireInternalSlot ( O, internalSlot )"><span class="secnum">10.1.15</span> RequireInternalSlot ( <var>O</var>, <var>internalSlot</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ecmascript-function-objects" title="ECMAScript Function Objects"><span class="secnum">10.2</span> ECMAScript Function Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ecmascript-function-objects-call-thisargument-argumentslist" title="[[Call]] ( thisArgument, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.2.1</span> <var class="field">[[Call]]</var> ( <var>thisArgument</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-prepareforordinarycall" title="PrepareForOrdinaryCall ( F, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">10.2.1.1</span> PrepareForOrdinaryCall ( <var>F</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarycallbindthis" title="OrdinaryCallBindThis ( F, calleeContext, thisArgument )"><span class="secnum">10.2.1.2</span> OrdinaryCallBindThis ( <var>F</var>, <var>calleeContext</var>, <var>thisArgument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluatebody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateBody"><span class="secnum">10.2.1.3</span> RS: EvaluateBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinarycallevaluatebody" title="OrdinaryCallEvaluateBody ( F, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.2.1.4</span> OrdinaryCallEvaluateBody ( <var>F</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ecmascript-function-objects-construct-argumentslist-newtarget" title="[[Construct]] ( argumentsList, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">10.2.2</span> <var class="field">[[Construct]]</var> ( <var>argumentsList</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-ordinaryfunctioncreate" title="OrdinaryFunctionCreate ( functionPrototype, sourceText, ParameterList, Body, thisMode, env, privateEnv )"><span class="secnum">10.2.3</span> OrdinaryFunctionCreate ( <var>functionPrototype</var>, <var>sourceText</var>, <var>ParameterList</var>, <var>Body</var>, <var>thisMode</var>, <var>env</var>, <var>privateEnv</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-addrestrictedfunctionproperties" title="AddRestrictedFunctionProperties ( F, realm )"><span class="secnum">10.2.4</span> AddRestrictedFunctionProperties ( <var>F</var>, <var>realm</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-%throwtypeerror%" title="%ThrowTypeError% ( )"><span class="secnum">10.2.4.1</span> %ThrowTypeError% ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-makeconstructor" title="MakeConstructor ( F [ , writablePrototype [ , prototype ] ] )"><span class="secnum">10.2.5</span> MakeConstructor ( <var>F</var> [ , <var>writablePrototype</var> [ , <var>prototype</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-makeclassconstructor" title="MakeClassConstructor ( F )"><span class="secnum">10.2.6</span> MakeClassConstructor ( <var>F</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-makemethod" title="MakeMethod ( F, homeObject )"><span class="secnum">10.2.7</span> MakeMethod ( <var>F</var>, <var>homeObject</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-definemethodproperty" title="DefineMethodProperty ( homeObject, key, closure, enumerable )"><span class="secnum">10.2.8</span> DefineMethodProperty ( <var>homeObject</var>, <var>key</var>, <var>closure</var>, <var>enumerable</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-setfunctionname" title="SetFunctionName ( F, name [ , prefix ] )"><span class="secnum">10.2.9</span> SetFunctionName ( <var>F</var>, <var>name</var> [ , <var>prefix</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-setfunctionlength" title="SetFunctionLength ( F, length )"><span class="secnum">10.2.10</span> SetFunctionLength ( <var>F</var>, <var>length</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-functiondeclarationinstantiation" title="FunctionDeclarationInstantiation ( func, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.2.11</span> FunctionDeclarationInstantiation ( <var>func</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-built-in-function-objects" title="Built-in Function Objects"><span class="secnum">10.3</span> Built-in Function Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-built-in-function-objects-call-thisargument-argumentslist" title="[[Call]] ( thisArgument, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.3.1</span> <var class="field">[[Call]]</var> ( <var>thisArgument</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-built-in-function-objects-construct-argumentslist-newtarget" title="[[Construct]] ( argumentsList, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">10.3.2</span> <var class="field">[[Construct]]</var> ( <var>argumentsList</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-builtincallorconstruct" title="BuiltinCallOrConstruct ( F, thisArgument, argumentsList, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">10.3.3</span> BuiltinCallOrConstruct ( <var>F</var>, <var>thisArgument</var>, <var>argumentsList</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-createbuiltinfunction" title="CreateBuiltinFunction ( behaviour, length, name, additionalInternalSlotsList [ , realm [ , prototype [ , prefix [ , async ] ] ] ] )"><span class="secnum">10.3.4</span> CreateBuiltinFunction ( <var>behaviour</var>, <var>length</var>, <var>name</var>, <var>additionalInternalSlotsList</var> [ , <var>realm</var> [ , <var>prototype</var> [ , <var>prefix</var> [ , <var>async</var> ] ] ] ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-built-in-exotic-object-internal-methods-and-slots" title="Built-in Exotic Object Internal Methods and Slots"><span class="secnum">10.4</span> Built-in Exotic Object Internal Methods and Slots</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-bound-function-exotic-objects" title="Bound Function Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.1</span> Bound Function Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-bound-function-exotic-objects-call-thisargument-argumentslist" title="[[Call]] ( thisArgument, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.4.1.1</span> <var class="field">[[Call]]</var> ( <var>thisArgument</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-bound-function-exotic-objects-construct-argumentslist-newtarget" title="[[Construct]] ( argumentsList, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">10.4.1.2</span> <var class="field">[[Construct]]</var> ( <var>argumentsList</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-boundfunctioncreate" title="BoundFunctionCreate ( targetFunction, boundThis, boundArgs )"><span class="secnum">10.4.1.3</span> BoundFunctionCreate ( <var>targetFunction</var>, <var>boundThis</var>, <var>boundArgs</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-array-exotic-objects" title="Array Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.2</span> Array Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-array-exotic-objects-defineownproperty-p-desc" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.4.2.1</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arraycreate" title="ArrayCreate ( length [ , proto ] )"><span class="secnum">10.4.2.2</span> ArrayCreate ( <var>length</var> [ , <var>proto</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arrayspeciescreate" title="ArraySpeciesCreate ( originalArray, length )"><span class="secnum">10.4.2.3</span> ArraySpeciesCreate ( <var>originalArray</var>, <var>length</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arraysetlength" title="ArraySetLength ( A, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.4.2.4</span> ArraySetLength ( <var>A</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-string-exotic-objects" title="String Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.3</span> String Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-string-exotic-objects-getownproperty-p" title="[[GetOwnProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.3.1</span> <var class="field">[[GetOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-string-exotic-objects-defineownproperty-p-desc" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.4.3.2</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-string-exotic-objects-ownpropertykeys" title="[[OwnPropertyKeys]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.3.3</span> <var class="field">[[OwnPropertyKeys]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-stringcreate" title="StringCreate ( value, prototype )"><span class="secnum">10.4.3.4</span> StringCreate ( <var>value</var>, <var>prototype</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-stringgetownproperty" title="StringGetOwnProperty ( S, P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.3.5</span> StringGetOwnProperty ( <var>S</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arguments-exotic-objects" title="Arguments Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.4</span> Arguments Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arguments-exotic-objects-getownproperty-p" title="[[GetOwnProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.1</span> <var class="field">[[GetOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arguments-exotic-objects-defineownproperty-p-desc" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.2</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arguments-exotic-objects-get-p-receiver" title="[[Get]] ( P, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.3</span> <var class="field">[[Get]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arguments-exotic-objects-set-p-v-receiver" title="[[Set]] ( P, V, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.4</span> <var class="field">[[Set]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-arguments-exotic-objects-delete-p" title="[[Delete]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.5</span> <var class="field">[[Delete]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-createunmappedargumentsobject" title="CreateUnmappedArgumentsObject ( argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.6</span> CreateUnmappedArgumentsObject ( <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-createmappedargumentsobject" title="CreateMappedArgumentsObject ( func, formals, argumentsList, env )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.7</span> CreateMappedArgumentsObject ( <var>func</var>, <var>formals</var>, <var>argumentsList</var>, <var>env</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-makearggetter" title="MakeArgGetter ( name, env )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.7.1</span> MakeArgGetter ( <var>name</var>, <var>env</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-makeargsetter" title="MakeArgSetter ( name, env )"><span class="secnum">10.4.4.7.2</span> MakeArgSetter ( <var>name</var>, <var>env</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-exotic-objects" title="TypedArray Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.5</span> TypedArray Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-preventextensions" title="[[PreventExtensions]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.1</span> <var class="field">[[PreventExtensions]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-getownproperty" title="[[GetOwnProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.2</span> <var class="field">[[GetOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-hasproperty" title="[[HasProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.3</span> <var class="field">[[HasProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-defineownproperty" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.4</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-get" title="[[Get]] ( P, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.5</span> <var class="field">[[Get]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-set" title="[[Set]] ( P, V, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.6</span> <var class="field">[[Set]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-delete" title="[[Delete]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.7</span> <var class="field">[[Delete]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-ownpropertykeys" title="[[OwnPropertyKeys]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.8</span> <var class="field">[[OwnPropertyKeys]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarray-with-buffer-witness-records" title="TypedArray With Buffer Witness Records"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.9</span> TypedArray With Buffer Witness Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-maketypedarraywithbufferwitnessrecord" title="MakeTypedArrayWithBufferWitnessRecord ( obj, order )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.10</span> MakeTypedArrayWithBufferWitnessRecord ( <var>obj</var>, <var>order</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarraycreate" title="TypedArrayCreate ( prototype )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.11</span> TypedArrayCreate ( <var>prototype</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarraybytelength" title="TypedArrayByteLength ( taRecord )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.12</span> TypedArrayByteLength ( <var>taRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarraylength" title="TypedArrayLength ( taRecord )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.13</span> TypedArrayLength ( <var>taRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-istypedarrayoutofbounds" title="IsTypedArrayOutOfBounds ( taRecord )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.14</span> IsTypedArrayOutOfBounds ( <var>taRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-istypedarrayfixedlength" title="IsTypedArrayFixedLength ( O )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.15</span> IsTypedArrayFixedLength ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-isvalidintegerindex" title="IsValidIntegerIndex ( O, index )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.16</span> IsValidIntegerIndex ( <var>O</var>, <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarraygetelement" title="TypedArrayGetElement ( O, index )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.17</span> TypedArrayGetElement ( <var>O</var>, <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-typedarraysetelement" title="TypedArraySetElement ( O, index, value )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.18</span> TypedArraySetElement ( <var>O</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-isarraybufferviewoutofbounds" title="IsArrayBufferViewOutOfBounds ( O )"><span class="secnum">10.4.5.19</span> IsArrayBufferViewOutOfBounds ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects" title="Module Namespace Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.6</span> Module Namespace Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-getprototypeof" title="[[GetPrototypeOf]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.1</span> <var class="field">[[GetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-setprototypeof-v" title="[[SetPrototypeOf]] ( V )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.2</span> <var class="field">[[SetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-isextensible" title="[[IsExtensible]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.3</span> <var class="field">[[IsExtensible]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-preventextensions" title="[[PreventExtensions]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.4</span> <var class="field">[[PreventExtensions]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-getownproperty-p" title="[[GetOwnProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.5</span> <var class="field">[[GetOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-defineownproperty-p-desc" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.6</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-hasproperty-p" title="[[HasProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.7</span> <var class="field">[[HasProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-get-p-receiver" title="[[Get]] ( P, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.8</span> <var class="field">[[Get]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-set-p-v-receiver" title="[[Set]] ( P, V, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.9</span> <var class="field">[[Set]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-delete-p" title="[[Delete]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.10</span> <var class="field">[[Delete]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-module-namespace-exotic-objects-ownpropertykeys" title="[[OwnPropertyKeys]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.11</span> <var class="field">[[OwnPropertyKeys]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-modulenamespacecreate" title="ModuleNamespaceCreate ( module, exports )"><span class="secnum">10.4.6.12</span> ModuleNamespaceCreate ( <var>module</var>, <var>exports</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-immutable-prototype-exotic-objects" title="Immutable Prototype Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">10.4.7</span> Immutable Prototype Exotic Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-immutable-prototype-exotic-objects-setprototypeof-v" title="[[SetPrototypeOf]] ( V )"><span class="secnum">10.4.7.1</span> <var class="field">[[SetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-set-immutable-prototype" title="SetImmutablePrototype ( O, V )"><span class="secnum">10.4.7.2</span> SetImmutablePrototype ( <var>O</var>, <var>V</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots" title="Proxy Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots"><span class="secnum">10.5</span> Proxy Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-getprototypeof" title="[[GetPrototypeOf]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.5.1</span> <var class="field">[[GetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-setprototypeof-v" title="[[SetPrototypeOf]] ( V )"><span class="secnum">10.5.2</span> <var class="field">[[SetPrototypeOf]]</var> ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-isextensible" title="[[IsExtensible]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.5.3</span> <var class="field">[[IsExtensible]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-preventextensions" title="[[PreventExtensions]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.5.4</span> <var class="field">[[PreventExtensions]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-getownproperty-p" title="[[GetOwnProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.5.5</span> <var class="field">[[GetOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-defineownproperty-p-desc" title="[[DefineOwnProperty]] ( P, Desc )"><span class="secnum">10.5.6</span> <var class="field">[[DefineOwnProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Desc</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-hasproperty-p" title="[[HasProperty]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.5.7</span> <var class="field">[[HasProperty]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-get-p-receiver" title="[[Get]] ( P, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.5.8</span> <var class="field">[[Get]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-set-p-v-receiver" title="[[Set]] ( P, V, Receiver )"><span class="secnum">10.5.9</span> <var class="field">[[Set]]</var> ( <var>P</var>, <var>V</var>, <var>Receiver</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-delete-p" title="[[Delete]] ( P )"><span class="secnum">10.5.10</span> <var class="field">[[Delete]]</var> ( <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-ownpropertykeys" title="[[OwnPropertyKeys]] ( )"><span class="secnum">10.5.11</span> <var class="field">[[OwnPropertyKeys]]</var> ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-call-thisargument-argumentslist" title="[[Call]] ( thisArgument, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">10.5.12</span> <var class="field">[[Call]]</var> ( <var>thisArgument</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxy-object-internal-methods-and-internal-slots-construct-argumentslist-newtarget" title="[[Construct]] ( argumentsList, newTarget )"><span class="secnum">10.5.13</span> <var class="field">[[Construct]]</var> ( <var>argumentsList</var>, <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-validatenonrevokedproxy" title="ValidateNonRevokedProxy ( proxy )"><span class="secnum">10.5.14</span> ValidateNonRevokedProxy ( <var>proxy</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#sec-proxycreate" title="ProxyCreate ( target, handler )"><span class="secnum">10.5.15</span> ProxyCreate ( <var>target</var>, <var>handler</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-ecmascript-language-source-code" title="ECMAScript Language: Source Text"><span class="secnum">11</span> ECMAScript Language: Source Text</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-source-text" title="Source Text"><span class="secnum">11.1</span> Source Text</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-utf16encodecodepoint" title="Static Semantics: UTF16EncodeCodePoint ( cp )"><span class="secnum">11.1.1</span> SS: UTF16EncodeCodePoint ( <var>cp</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-codepointstostring" title="Static Semantics: CodePointsToString ( text )"><span class="secnum">11.1.2</span> SS: CodePointsToString ( <var>text</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-utf16decodesurrogatepair" title="Static Semantics: UTF16SurrogatePairToCodePoint ( lead, trail )"><span class="secnum">11.1.3</span> SS: UTF16SurrogatePairToCodePoint ( <var>lead</var>, <var>trail</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-codepointat" title="Static Semantics: CodePointAt ( string, position )"><span class="secnum">11.1.4</span> SS: CodePointAt ( <var>string</var>, <var>position</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-stringtocodepoints" title="Static Semantics: StringToCodePoints ( string )"><span class="secnum">11.1.5</span> SS: StringToCodePoints ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-parsetext" title="Static Semantics: ParseText ( sourceText, goalSymbol )"><span class="secnum">11.1.6</span> SS: ParseText ( <var>sourceText</var>, <var>goalSymbol</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-types-of-source-code" title="Types of Source Code"><span class="secnum">11.2</span> Types of Source Code</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-directive-prologues-and-the-use-strict-directive" title="Directive Prologues and the Use Strict Directive"><span class="secnum">11.2.1</span> Directive Prologues and the Use Strict Directive</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-strict-mode-code" title="Strict Mode Code"><span class="secnum">11.2.2</span> Strict Mode Code</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-isstrict" title="Static Semantics: IsStrict ( node )"><span class="secnum">11.2.2.1</span> SS: IsStrict ( <var>node</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-source-code.html#sec-non-ecmascript-functions" title="Non-ECMAScript Functions"><span class="secnum">11.2.3</span> Non-ECMAScript Functions</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar" title="ECMAScript Language: Lexical Grammar"><span class="secnum">12</span> ECMAScript Language: Lexical Grammar</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-unicode-format-control-characters" title="Unicode Format-Control Characters"><span class="secnum">12.1</span> Unicode Format-Control Characters</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-white-space" title="White Space"><span class="secnum">12.2</span> White Space</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-line-terminators" title="Line Terminators"><span class="secnum">12.3</span> Line Terminators</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-comments" title="Comments"><span class="secnum">12.4</span> Comments</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-hashbang" title="Hashbang Comments"><span class="secnum">12.5</span> Hashbang Comments</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-tokens" title="Tokens"><span class="secnum">12.6</span> Tokens</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-names-and-keywords" title="Names and Keywords"><span class="secnum">12.7</span> Names and Keywords</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-identifier-names" title="Identifier Names"><span class="secnum">12.7.1</span> Identifier Names</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-identifier-names-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">12.7.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-identifiercodepoints" title="Static Semantics: IdentifierCodePoints"><span class="secnum">12.7.1.2</span> SS: IdentifierCodePoints</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-identifiercodepoint" title="Static Semantics: IdentifierCodePoint"><span class="secnum">12.7.1.3</span> SS: IdentifierCodePoint</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-keywords-and-reserved-words" title="Keywords and Reserved Words"><span class="secnum">12.7.2</span> Keywords and Reserved Words</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-punctuators" title="Punctuators"><span class="secnum">12.8</span> Punctuators</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar-literals" title="Literals"><span class="secnum">12.9</span> Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-null-literals" title="Null Literals"><span class="secnum">12.9.1</span> Null Literals</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-boolean-literals" title="Boolean Literals"><span class="secnum">12.9.2</span> Boolean Literals</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-literals-numeric-literals" title="Numeric Literals"><span class="secnum">12.9.3</span> Numeric Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-numeric-literals-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">12.9.3.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-static-semantics-mv" title="Static Semantics: MV"><span class="secnum">12.9.3.2</span> SS: MV</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-numericvalue" title="Static Semantics: NumericValue"><span class="secnum">12.9.3.3</span> SS: NumericValue</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-literals-string-literals" title="String Literals"><span class="secnum">12.9.4</span> String Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-string-literals-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">12.9.4.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-static-semantics-sv" title="Static Semantics: SV"><span class="secnum">12.9.4.2</span> SS: SV</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-string-literals-static-semantics-mv" title="Static Semantics: MV"><span class="secnum">12.9.4.3</span> SS: MV</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-literals-regular-expression-literals" title="Regular Expression Literals"><span class="secnum">12.9.5</span> Regular Expression Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-static-semantics-bodytext" title="Static Semantics: BodyText"><span class="secnum">12.9.5.1</span> SS: BodyText</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-static-semantics-flagtext" title="Static Semantics: FlagText"><span class="secnum">12.9.5.2</span> SS: FlagText</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-template-literal-lexical-components" title="Template Literal Lexical Components"><span class="secnum">12.9.6</span> Template Literal Lexical Components</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-static-semantics-tv" title="Static Semantics: TV"><span class="secnum">12.9.6.1</span> SS: TV</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-static-semantics-trv" title="Static Semantics: TRV"><span class="secnum">12.9.6.2</span> SS: TRV</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-automatic-semicolon-insertion" title="Automatic Semicolon Insertion"><span class="secnum">12.10</span> Automatic Semicolon Insertion</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-rules-of-automatic-semicolon-insertion" title="Rules of Automatic Semicolon Insertion"><span class="secnum">12.10.1</span> Rules of Automatic Semicolon Insertion</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-examples-of-automatic-semicolon-insertion" title="Examples of Automatic Semicolon Insertion"><span class="secnum">12.10.2</span> Examples of Automatic Semicolon Insertion</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-interesting-cases-of-automatic-semicolon-insertion" title="Interesting Cases of Automatic Semicolon Insertion"><span class="secnum">12.10.3</span> Interesting Cases of Automatic Semicolon Insertion</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-asi-interesting-cases-in-statement-lists" title="Interesting Cases of Automatic Semicolon Insertion in Statement Lists"><span class="secnum">12.10.3.1</span> Interesting Cases of Automatic Semicolon Insertion in Statement Lists</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-asi-cases-with-no-lineterminator-here" title="Cases of Automatic Semicolon Insertion and “[no LineTerminator here]”"><span class="secnum">12.10.3.2</span> Cases of Automatic Semicolon Insertion and “[no <emu-nt>LineTerminator</emu-nt> here]”</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-lexical-grammar.html#sec-no-lineterminator-here-automatic-semicolon-insertion-list" title="List of Grammar Productions with Optional Operands and “[no LineTerminator here]”"><span class="secnum">12.10.3.2.1</span> List of Grammar Productions with Optional Operands and “[no <emu-nt>LineTerminator</emu-nt> here]”</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-ecmascript-language-expressions" title="ECMAScript Language: Expressions"><span class="secnum">13</span> ECMAScript Language: Expressions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-identifiers" title="Identifiers"><span class="secnum">13.1</span> Identifiers</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-identifiers-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-static-semantics-stringvalue" title="Static Semantics: StringValue"><span class="secnum">13.1.2</span> SS: StringValue</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-identifiers-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.1.3</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-primary-expression" title="Primary Expression"><span class="secnum">13.2</span> Primary Expression</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-this-keyword" title="The this Keyword"><span class="secnum">13.2.1</span> The <code>this</code> Keyword</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-this-keyword-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.1.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-identifier-reference" title="Identifier Reference"><span class="secnum">13.2.2</span> Identifier Reference</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-primary-expression-literals" title="Literals"><span class="secnum">13.2.3</span> Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-literals-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.3.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-array-initializer" title="Array Initializer"><span class="secnum">13.2.4</span> Array Initializer</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-arrayaccumulation" title="Runtime Semantics: ArrayAccumulation"><span class="secnum">13.2.4.1</span> RS: ArrayAccumulation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-array-initializer-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.4.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-object-initializer" title="Object Initializer"><span class="secnum">13.2.5</span> Object Initializer</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-object-initializer-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.2.5.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-static-semantics-iscomputedpropertykey" title="Static Semantics: IsComputedPropertyKey"><span class="secnum">13.2.5.2</span> SS: IsComputedPropertyKey</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-static-semantics-propertynamelist" title="Static Semantics: PropertyNameList"><span class="secnum">13.2.5.3</span> SS: PropertyNameList</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-object-initializer-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.5.4</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-propertydefinitionevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: PropertyDefinitionEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.5.5</span> RS: PropertyDefinitionEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-function-defining-expressions" title="Function Defining Expressions"><span class="secnum">13.2.6</span> Function Defining Expressions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-primary-expression-regular-expression-literals" title="Regular Expression Literals"><span class="secnum">13.2.7</span> Regular Expression Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-primary-expression-regular-expression-literals-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.2.7.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-isvalidregularexpressionliteral" title="Static Semantics: IsValidRegularExpressionLiteral ( literal )"><span class="secnum">13.2.7.2</span> SS: IsValidRegularExpressionLiteral ( <var>literal</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-regular-expression-literals-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.7.3</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-template-literals" title="Template Literals"><span class="secnum">13.2.8</span> Template Literals</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-static-semantics-template-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.2.8.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-static-semantics-templatestrings" title="Static Semantics: TemplateStrings"><span class="secnum">13.2.8.2</span> SS: TemplateStrings</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-templatestring" title="Static Semantics: TemplateString ( templateToken, raw )"><span class="secnum">13.2.8.3</span> SS: TemplateString ( <var>templateToken</var>, <var>raw</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-gettemplateobject" title="GetTemplateObject ( templateLiteral )"><span class="secnum">13.2.8.4</span> GetTemplateObject ( <var>templateLiteral</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-substitutionevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: SubstitutionEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.8.5</span> RS: SubstitutionEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-template-literals-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.8.6</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-grouping-operator" title="The Grouping Operator"><span class="secnum">13.2.9</span> The Grouping Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-grouping-operator-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.2.9.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-grouping-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.2.9.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-left-hand-side-expressions" title="Left-Hand-Side Expressions"><span class="secnum">13.3</span> Left-Hand-Side Expressions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-static-semantics" title="Static Semantics"><span class="secnum">13.3.1</span> Static Semantics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-left-hand-side-expressions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.3.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-property-accessors" title="Property Accessors"><span class="secnum">13.3.2</span> Property Accessors</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-property-accessors-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.2.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-evaluate-property-access-with-expression-key" title="EvaluatePropertyAccessWithExpressionKey ( baseValue, expression, strict )"><span class="secnum">13.3.3</span> EvaluatePropertyAccessWithExpressionKey ( <var>baseValue</var>, <var>expression</var>, <var>strict</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-evaluate-property-access-with-identifier-key" title="EvaluatePropertyAccessWithIdentifierKey ( baseValue, identifierName, strict )"><span class="secnum">13.3.4</span> EvaluatePropertyAccessWithIdentifierKey ( <var>baseValue</var>, <var>identifierName</var>, <var>strict</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-new-operator" title="The new Operator"><span class="secnum">13.3.5</span> The <code>new</code> Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-new-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.5.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-evaluatenew" title="EvaluateNew ( constructExpr, arguments )"><span class="secnum">13.3.5.1.1</span> EvaluateNew ( <var>constructExpr</var>, <var>arguments</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-function-calls" title="Function Calls"><span class="secnum">13.3.6</span> Function Calls</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-function-calls-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.6.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-evaluatecall" title="EvaluateCall ( func, ref, arguments, tailPosition )"><span class="secnum">13.3.6.2</span> EvaluateCall ( <var>func</var>, <var>ref</var>, <var>arguments</var>, <var>tailPosition</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-super-keyword" title="The super Keyword"><span class="secnum">13.3.7</span> The <code>super</code> Keyword</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-super-keyword-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.7.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-getsuperconstructor" title="GetSuperConstructor ( )"><span class="secnum">13.3.7.2</span> GetSuperConstructor ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-makesuperpropertyreference" title="MakeSuperPropertyReference ( actualThis, propertyKey, strict )"><span class="secnum">13.3.7.3</span> MakeSuperPropertyReference ( <var>actualThis</var>, <var>propertyKey</var>, <var>strict</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-argument-lists" title="Argument Lists"><span class="secnum">13.3.8</span> Argument Lists</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-argumentlistevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ArgumentListEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.8.1</span> RS: ArgumentListEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-optional-chains" title="Optional Chains"><span class="secnum">13.3.9</span> Optional Chains</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-optional-chaining-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.9.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-optional-chaining-chain-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ChainEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.9.2</span> RS: ChainEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-import-calls" title="Import Calls"><span class="secnum">13.3.10</span> Import Calls</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-import-call-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.10.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-evaluate-import-call" title="EvaluateImportCall ( specifierExpression [ , optionsExpression ] )"><span class="secnum">13.3.10.2</span> EvaluateImportCall ( <var>specifierExpression</var> [ , <var>optionsExpression</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-ContinueDynamicImport" title="ContinueDynamicImport ( promiseCapability, moduleCompletion )"><span class="secnum">13.3.10.3</span> ContinueDynamicImport ( <var>promiseCapability</var>, <var>moduleCompletion</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-tagged-templates" title="Tagged Templates"><span class="secnum">13.3.11</span> Tagged Templates</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-tagged-templates-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.11.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-meta-properties" title="Meta Properties"><span class="secnum">13.3.12</span> Meta Properties</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-meta-properties-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.3.12.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-hostgetimportmetaproperties" title="HostGetImportMetaProperties ( moduleRecord )"><span class="secnum">13.3.12.1.1</span> HostGetImportMetaProperties ( <var>moduleRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-hostfinalizeimportmeta" title="HostFinalizeImportMeta ( importMeta, moduleRecord )"><span class="secnum">13.3.12.1.2</span> HostFinalizeImportMeta ( <var>importMeta</var>, <var>moduleRecord</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-update-expressions" title="Update Expressions"><span class="secnum">13.4</span> Update Expressions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-update-expressions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.4.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-postfix-increment-operator" title="Postfix Increment Operator"><span class="secnum">13.4.2</span> Postfix Increment Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-postfix-increment-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.4.2.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-postfix-decrement-operator" title="Postfix Decrement Operator"><span class="secnum">13.4.3</span> Postfix Decrement Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-postfix-decrement-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.4.3.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-prefix-increment-operator" title="Prefix Increment Operator"><span class="secnum">13.4.4</span> Prefix Increment Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-prefix-increment-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.4.4.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-prefix-decrement-operator" title="Prefix Decrement Operator"><span class="secnum">13.4.5</span> Prefix Decrement Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-prefix-decrement-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.4.5.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unary-operators" title="Unary Operators"><span class="secnum">13.5</span> Unary Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-delete-operator" title="The delete Operator"><span class="secnum">13.5.1</span> The <code>delete</code> Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-delete-operator-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.5.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-delete-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.1.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-void-operator" title="The void Operator"><span class="secnum">13.5.2</span> The <code>void</code> Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-void-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.2.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-typeof-operator" title="The typeof Operator"><span class="secnum">13.5.3</span> The <code>typeof</code> Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-typeof-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.3.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unary-plus-operator" title="Unary + Operator"><span class="secnum">13.5.4</span> Unary <code>+</code> Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unary-plus-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.4.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unary-minus-operator" title="Unary - Operator"><span class="secnum">13.5.5</span> Unary <code>-</code> Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unary-minus-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.5.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-bitwise-not-operator" title="Bitwise NOT Operator ( ~ )"><span class="secnum">13.5.6</span> Bitwise NOT Operator ( <code>~</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-bitwise-not-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.6.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-logical-not-operator" title="Logical NOT Operator ( ! )"><span class="secnum">13.5.7</span> Logical NOT Operator ( <code>!</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-logical-not-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.5.7.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-exp-operator" title="Exponentiation Operator"><span class="secnum">13.6</span> Exponentiation Operator</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-exp-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.6.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-multiplicative-operators" title="Multiplicative Operators"><span class="secnum">13.7</span> Multiplicative Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-multiplicative-operators-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.7.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-additive-operators" title="Additive Operators"><span class="secnum">13.8</span> Additive Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-addition-operator-plus" title="The Addition Operator ( + )"><span class="secnum">13.8.1</span> The Addition Operator ( <code>+</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-addition-operator-plus-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.8.1.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-subtraction-operator-minus" title="The Subtraction Operator ( - )"><span class="secnum">13.8.2</span> The Subtraction Operator ( <code>-</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-subtraction-operator-minus-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.8.2.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-bitwise-shift-operators" title="Bitwise Shift Operators"><span class="secnum">13.9</span> Bitwise Shift Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-left-shift-operator" title="The Left Shift Operator ( << )"><span class="secnum">13.9.1</span> The Left Shift Operator ( <code>&lt;&lt;</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-left-shift-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.9.1.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-signed-right-shift-operator" title="The Signed Right Shift Operator ( >> )"><span class="secnum">13.9.2</span> The Signed Right Shift Operator ( <code>&gt;&gt;</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-signed-right-shift-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.9.2.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unsigned-right-shift-operator" title="The Unsigned Right Shift Operator ( >>> )"><span class="secnum">13.9.3</span> The Unsigned Right Shift Operator ( <code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-unsigned-right-shift-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.9.3.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-relational-operators" title="Relational Operators"><span class="secnum">13.10</span> Relational Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-relational-operators-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.10.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-instanceofoperator" title="InstanceofOperator ( V, target )"><span class="secnum">13.10.2</span> InstanceofOperator ( <var>V</var>, <var>target</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-equality-operators" title="Equality Operators"><span class="secnum">13.11</span> Equality Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-equality-operators-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.11.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-binary-bitwise-operators" title="Binary Bitwise Operators"><span class="secnum">13.12</span> Binary Bitwise Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-binary-bitwise-operators-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.12.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-binary-logical-operators" title="Binary Logical Operators"><span class="secnum">13.13</span> Binary Logical Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-binary-logical-operators-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.13.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-conditional-operator" title="Conditional Operator ( ? : )"><span class="secnum">13.14</span> Conditional Operator ( <code>? :</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-conditional-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.14.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-assignment-operators" title="Assignment Operators"><span class="secnum">13.15</span> Assignment Operators</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-assignment-operators-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.15.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-assignment-operators-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.15.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-applystringornumericbinaryoperator" title="ApplyStringOrNumericBinaryOperator ( lVal, opText, rVal )"><span class="secnum">13.15.3</span> ApplyStringOrNumericBinaryOperator ( <var>lVal</var>, <var>opText</var>, <var>rVal</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-evaluatestringornumericbinaryexpression" title="EvaluateStringOrNumericBinaryExpression ( leftOperand, opText, rightOperand )"><span class="secnum">13.15.4</span> EvaluateStringOrNumericBinaryExpression ( <var>leftOperand</var>, <var>opText</var>, <var>rightOperand</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-destructuring-assignment" title="Destructuring Assignment"><span class="secnum">13.15.5</span> Destructuring Assignment</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-destructuring-assignment-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">13.15.5.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-destructuringassignmentevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: DestructuringAssignmentEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.15.5.2</span> RS: DestructuringAssignmentEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-propertydestructuringassignmentevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: PropertyDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.15.5.3</span> RS: PropertyDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-restdestructuringassignmentevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: RestDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.15.5.4</span> RS: RestDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-iteratordestructuringassignmentevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: IteratorDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.15.5.5</span> RS: IteratorDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-runtime-semantics-keyeddestructuringassignmentevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: KeyedDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation"><span class="secnum">13.15.5.6</span> RS: KeyedDestructuringAssignmentEvaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-comma-operator" title="Comma Operator ( , )"><span class="secnum">13.16</span> Comma Operator ( <code>,</code> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-expressions.html#sec-comma-operator-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">13.16.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations" title="ECMAScript Language: Statements and Declarations"><span class="secnum">14</span> ECMAScript Language: Statements and Declarations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-statement-semantics" title="Statement Semantics"><span class="secnum">14.1</span> Statement Semantics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-statement-semantics-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.1.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-block" title="Block"><span class="secnum">14.2</span> Block</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-block-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.2.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-block-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.2.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-blockdeclarationinstantiation" title="BlockDeclarationInstantiation ( code, env )"><span class="secnum">14.2.3</span> BlockDeclarationInstantiation ( <var>code</var>, <var>env</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-declarations-and-the-variable-statement" title="Declarations and the Variable Statement"><span class="secnum">14.3</span> Declarations and the Variable Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-let-and-const-declarations" title="Let and Const Declarations"><span class="secnum">14.3.1</span> Let and Const Declarations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-let-and-const-declarations-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.3.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-let-and-const-declarations-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.3.1.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-variable-statement" title="Variable Statement"><span class="secnum">14.3.2</span> Variable Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-variable-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.3.2.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-destructuring-binding-patterns" title="Destructuring Binding Patterns"><span class="secnum">14.3.3</span> Destructuring Binding Patterns</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-destructuring-binding-patterns-runtime-semantics-propertybindinginitialization" title="Runtime Semantics: PropertyBindingInitialization"><span class="secnum">14.3.3.1</span> RS: PropertyBindingInitialization</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-destructuring-binding-patterns-runtime-semantics-restbindinginitialization" title="Runtime Semantics: RestBindingInitialization"><span class="secnum">14.3.3.2</span> RS: RestBindingInitialization</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-keyedbindinginitialization" title="Runtime Semantics: KeyedBindingInitialization"><span class="secnum">14.3.3.3</span> RS: KeyedBindingInitialization</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-empty-statement" title="Empty Statement"><span class="secnum">14.4</span> Empty Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-empty-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.4.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-expression-statement" title="Expression Statement"><span class="secnum">14.5</span> Expression Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-expression-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.5.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-if-statement" title="The if Statement"><span class="secnum">14.6</span> The <code>if</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-if-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.6.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-if-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.6.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-iteration-statements" title="Iteration Statements"><span class="secnum">14.7</span> Iteration Statements</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-iteration-statements-semantics" title="Semantics"><span class="secnum">14.7.1</span> Semantics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-loopcontinues" title="LoopContinues ( completion, labelSet )"><span class="secnum">14.7.1.1</span> LoopContinues ( <var>completion</var>, <var>labelSet</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-loopevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: LoopEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.7.1.2</span> RS: LoopEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-do-while-statement" title="The do-while Statement"><span class="secnum">14.7.2</span> The <code>do</code>-<code>while</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-do-while-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.7.2.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-dowhileloopevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: DoWhileLoopEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.7.2.2</span> RS: DoWhileLoopEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-while-statement" title="The while Statement"><span class="secnum">14.7.3</span> The <code>while</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-while-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.7.3.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-whileloopevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: WhileLoopEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.7.3.2</span> RS: WhileLoopEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-for-statement" title="The for Statement"><span class="secnum">14.7.4</span> The <code>for</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-for-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.7.4.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-forloopevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ForLoopEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.7.4.2</span> RS: ForLoopEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-forbodyevaluation" title="ForBodyEvaluation ( test, increment, stmt, perIterationBindings, labelSet )"><span class="secnum">14.7.4.3</span> ForBodyEvaluation ( <var>test</var>, <var>increment</var>, <var>stmt</var>, <var>perIterationBindings</var>, <var>labelSet</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-createperiterationenvironment" title="CreatePerIterationEnvironment ( perIterationBindings )"><span class="secnum">14.7.4.4</span> CreatePerIterationEnvironment ( <var>perIterationBindings</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-for-in-and-for-of-statements" title="The for-in, for-of, and for-await-of Statements"><span class="secnum">14.7.5</span> The <code>for</code>-<code>in</code>, <code>for</code>-<code>of</code>, and <code>for</code>-<code>await</code>-<code>of</code> Statements</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-for-in-and-for-of-statements-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-static-semantics-isdestructuring" title="Static Semantics: IsDestructuring"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.2</span> SS: IsDestructuring</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-fordeclarationbindinginitialization" title="Runtime Semantics: ForDeclarationBindingInitialization"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.3</span> RS: ForDeclarationBindingInitialization</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-fordeclarationbindinginstantiation" title="Runtime Semantics: ForDeclarationBindingInstantiation"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.4</span> RS: ForDeclarationBindingInstantiation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-forinofloopevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ForInOfLoopEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.5</span> RS: ForInOfLoopEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-forinofheadevaluation" title="ForIn/OfHeadEvaluation ( uninitializedBoundNames, expr, iterationKind )"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.6</span> ForIn/OfHeadEvaluation ( <var>uninitializedBoundNames</var>, <var>expr</var>, <var>iterationKind</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-forin-div-ofbodyevaluation-lhs-stmt-iterator-lhskind-labelset" title="ForIn/OfBodyEvaluation ( lhs, stmt, iteratorRecord, iterationKind, lhsKind, labelSet [ , iteratorKind ] )"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.7</span> ForIn/OfBodyEvaluation ( <var>lhs</var>, <var>stmt</var>, <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>iterationKind</var>, <var>lhsKind</var>, <var>labelSet</var> [ , <var>iteratorKind</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-for-in-and-for-of-statements-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.8</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-enumerate-object-properties" title="EnumerateObjectProperties ( O )"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.9</span> EnumerateObjectProperties ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-for-in-iterator-objects" title="For-In Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.10</span> For-In Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-createforiniterator" title="CreateForInIterator ( object )"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.10.1</span> CreateForInIterator ( <var>object</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-%foriniteratorprototype%-object" title="The %ForInIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.10.2</span> The %ForInIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-%foriniteratorprototype%.next" title="%ForInIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.10.2.1</span> %ForInIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-properties-of-for-in-iterator-instances" title="Properties of For-In Iterator Instances"><span class="secnum">14.7.5.10.3</span> Properties of For-In Iterator Instances</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-continue-statement" title="The continue Statement"><span class="secnum">14.8</span> The <code>continue</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-continue-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.8.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-continue-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.8.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-break-statement" title="The break Statement"><span class="secnum">14.9</span> The <code>break</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-break-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.9.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-break-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.9.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-return-statement" title="The return Statement"><span class="secnum">14.10</span> The <code>return</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-return-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.10.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-with-statement" title="The with Statement"><span class="secnum">14.11</span> The <code>with</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-with-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.11.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-with-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.11.2</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-switch-statement" title="The switch Statement"><span class="secnum">14.12</span> The <code>switch</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-switch-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.12.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-caseblockevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: CaseBlockEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.12.2</span> RS: CaseBlockEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-caseclauseisselected" title="CaseClauseIsSelected ( C, input )"><span class="secnum">14.12.3</span> CaseClauseIsSelected ( <var>C</var>, <var>input</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-switch-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.12.4</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-labelled-statements" title="Labelled Statements"><span class="secnum">14.13</span> Labelled Statements</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-labelled-statements-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.13.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-islabelledfunction" title="Static Semantics: IsLabelledFunction ( stmt )"><span class="secnum">14.13.2</span> SS: IsLabelledFunction ( <var>stmt</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-labelled-statements-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.13.3</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-labelledevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: LabelledEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.13.4</span> RS: LabelledEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-throw-statement" title="The throw Statement"><span class="secnum">14.14</span> The <code>throw</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-throw-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.14.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-try-statement" title="The try Statement"><span class="secnum">14.15</span> The <code>try</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-try-statement-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">14.15.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-runtime-semantics-catchclauseevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: CatchClauseEvaluation"><span class="secnum">14.15.2</span> RS: CatchClauseEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-try-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.15.3</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-debugger-statement" title="The debugger Statement"><span class="secnum">14.16</span> The <code>debugger</code> Statement</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-statements-and-declarations.html#sec-debugger-statement-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">14.16.1</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes" title="ECMAScript Language: Functions and Classes"><span class="secnum">15</span> ECMAScript Language: Functions and Classes</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-parameter-lists" title="Parameter Lists"><span class="secnum">15.1</span> Parameter Lists</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-parameter-lists-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-containsexpression" title="Static Semantics: ContainsExpression"><span class="secnum">15.1.2</span> SS: ContainsExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-issimpleparameterlist" title="Static Semantics: IsSimpleParameterList"><span class="secnum">15.1.3</span> SS: IsSimpleParameterList</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-hasinitializer" title="Static Semantics: HasInitializer"><span class="secnum">15.1.4</span> SS: HasInitializer</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-expectedargumentcount" title="Static Semantics: ExpectedArgumentCount"><span class="secnum">15.1.5</span> SS: ExpectedArgumentCount</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-function-definitions" title="Function Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.2</span> Function Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-function-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.2.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-functionbodycontainsusestrict" title="Static Semantics: FunctionBodyContainsUseStrict"><span class="secnum">15.2.2</span> SS: FunctionBodyContainsUseStrict</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluatefunctionbody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateFunctionBody"><span class="secnum">15.2.3</span> RS: EvaluateFunctionBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateordinaryfunctionobject" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateOrdinaryFunctionObject"><span class="secnum">15.2.4</span> RS: InstantiateOrdinaryFunctionObject</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateordinaryfunctionexpression" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateOrdinaryFunctionExpression"><span class="secnum">15.2.5</span> RS: InstantiateOrdinaryFunctionExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-function-definitions-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.2.6</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-arrow-function-definitions" title="Arrow Function Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.3</span> Arrow Function Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-arrow-function-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.3.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-concisebodycontainsusestrict" title="Static Semantics: ConciseBodyContainsUseStrict"><span class="secnum">15.3.2</span> SS: ConciseBodyContainsUseStrict</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluateconcisebody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateConciseBody"><span class="secnum">15.3.3</span> RS: EvaluateConciseBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiatearrowfunctionexpression" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateArrowFunctionExpression"><span class="secnum">15.3.4</span> RS: InstantiateArrowFunctionExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-arrow-function-definitions-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.3.5</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-method-definitions" title="Method Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.4</span> Method Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-method-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.4.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-hasdirectsuper" title="Static Semantics: HasDirectSuper"><span class="secnum">15.4.2</span> SS: HasDirectSuper</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-specialmethod" title="Static Semantics: SpecialMethod"><span class="secnum">15.4.3</span> SS: SpecialMethod</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-definemethod" title="Runtime Semantics: DefineMethod"><span class="secnum">15.4.4</span> RS: DefineMethod</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-methoddefinitionevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: MethodDefinitionEvaluation"><span class="secnum">15.4.5</span> RS: MethodDefinitionEvaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-generator-function-definitions" title="Generator Function Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.5</span> Generator Function Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-generator-function-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.5.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluategeneratorbody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateGeneratorBody"><span class="secnum">15.5.2</span> RS: EvaluateGeneratorBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiategeneratorfunctionobject" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateGeneratorFunctionObject"><span class="secnum">15.5.3</span> RS: InstantiateGeneratorFunctionObject</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiategeneratorfunctionexpression" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateGeneratorFunctionExpression"><span class="secnum">15.5.4</span> RS: InstantiateGeneratorFunctionExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-generator-function-definitions-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.5.5</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-generator-function-definitions" title="Async Generator Function Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.6</span> Async Generator Function Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-generator-function-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.6.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluateasyncgeneratorbody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateAsyncGeneratorBody"><span class="secnum">15.6.2</span> RS: EvaluateAsyncGeneratorBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateasyncgeneratorfunctionobject" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateAsyncGeneratorFunctionObject"><span class="secnum">15.6.3</span> RS: InstantiateAsyncGeneratorFunctionObject</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateasyncgeneratorfunctionexpression" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateAsyncGeneratorFunctionExpression"><span class="secnum">15.6.4</span> RS: InstantiateAsyncGeneratorFunctionExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-asyncgenerator-definitions-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.6.5</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-class-definitions" title="Class Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.7</span> Class Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-class-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.7.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-classelementkind" title="Static Semantics: ClassElementKind"><span class="secnum">15.7.2</span> SS: ClassElementKind</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-constructormethod" title="Static Semantics: ConstructorMethod"><span class="secnum">15.7.3</span> SS: ConstructorMethod</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-isstatic" title="Static Semantics: IsStatic"><span class="secnum">15.7.4</span> SS: IsStatic</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-nonconstructorelements" title="Static Semantics: NonConstructorElements"><span class="secnum">15.7.5</span> SS: NonConstructorElements</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-prototypepropertynamelist" title="Static Semantics: PrototypePropertyNameList"><span class="secnum">15.7.6</span> SS: PrototypePropertyNameList</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-allprivateidentifiersvalid" title="Static Semantics: AllPrivateIdentifiersValid"><span class="secnum">15.7.7</span> SS: AllPrivateIdentifiersValid</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-privateboundidentifiers" title="Static Semantics: PrivateBoundIdentifiers"><span class="secnum">15.7.8</span> SS: PrivateBoundIdentifiers</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-containsarguments" title="Static Semantics: ContainsArguments"><span class="secnum">15.7.9</span> SS: ContainsArguments</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-classfielddefinitionevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ClassFieldDefinitionEvaluation"><span class="secnum">15.7.10</span> RS: ClassFieldDefinitionEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-classstaticblockdefinitionevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ClassStaticBlockDefinitionEvaluation"><span class="secnum">15.7.11</span> RS: ClassStaticBlockDefinitionEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluateclassstaticblockbody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateClassStaticBlockBody"><span class="secnum">15.7.12</span> RS: EvaluateClassStaticBlockBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-classelementevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ClassElementEvaluation"><span class="secnum">15.7.13</span> RS: ClassElementEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-classdefinitionevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: ClassDefinitionEvaluation"><span class="secnum">15.7.14</span> RS: ClassDefinitionEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-bindingclassdeclarationevaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: BindingClassDeclarationEvaluation"><span class="secnum">15.7.15</span> RS: BindingClassDeclarationEvaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-class-definitions-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.7.16</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-function-definitions" title="Async Function Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.8</span> Async Function Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-function-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.8.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateasyncfunctionobject" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateAsyncFunctionObject"><span class="secnum">15.8.2</span> RS: InstantiateAsyncFunctionObject</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateasyncfunctionexpression" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateAsyncFunctionExpression"><span class="secnum">15.8.3</span> RS: InstantiateAsyncFunctionExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluateasyncfunctionbody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateAsyncFunctionBody"><span class="secnum">15.8.4</span> RS: EvaluateAsyncFunctionBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-function-definitions-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.8.5</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-arrow-function-definitions" title="Async Arrow Function Definitions"><span class="secnum">15.9</span> Async Arrow Function Definitions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-arrow-function-definitions-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">15.9.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-asyncconcisebodycontainsusestrict" title="Static Semantics: AsyncConciseBodyContainsUseStrict"><span class="secnum">15.9.2</span> SS: AsyncConciseBodyContainsUseStrict</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-evaluateasyncconcisebody" title="Runtime Semantics: EvaluateAsyncConciseBody"><span class="secnum">15.9.3</span> RS: EvaluateAsyncConciseBody</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-runtime-semantics-instantiateasyncarrowfunctionexpression" title="Runtime Semantics: InstantiateAsyncArrowFunctionExpression"><span class="secnum">15.9.4</span> RS: InstantiateAsyncArrowFunctionExpression</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-async-arrow-function-definitions-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">15.9.5</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-tail-position-calls" title="Tail Position Calls"><span class="secnum">15.10</span> Tail Position Calls</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-isintailposition" title="Static Semantics: IsInTailPosition ( call )"><span class="secnum">15.10.1</span> SS: IsInTailPosition ( <var>call</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-static-semantics-hascallintailposition" title="Static Semantics: HasCallInTailPosition"><span class="secnum">15.10.2</span> SS: HasCallInTailPosition</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-functions-and-classes.html#sec-preparefortailcall" title="PrepareForTailCall ( )"><span class="secnum">15.10.3</span> PrepareForTailCall ( )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules" title="ECMAScript Language: Scripts and Modules"><span class="secnum">16</span> ECMAScript Language: Scripts and Modules</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-scripts" title="Scripts"><span class="secnum">16.1</span> Scripts</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-scripts-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">16.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-scriptisstrict" title="Static Semantics: ScriptIsStrict"><span class="secnum">16.1.2</span> SS: ScriptIsStrict</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-script-semantics-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">16.1.3</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-script-records" title="Script Records"><span class="secnum">16.1.4</span> Script Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-parse-script" title="ParseScript ( sourceText, realm, hostDefined )"><span class="secnum">16.1.5</span> ParseScript ( <var>sourceText</var>, <var>realm</var>, <var>hostDefined</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-runtime-semantics-scriptevaluation" title="ScriptEvaluation ( scriptRecord )"><span class="secnum">16.1.6</span> ScriptEvaluation ( <var>scriptRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-globaldeclarationinstantiation" title="GlobalDeclarationInstantiation ( script, env )"><span class="secnum">16.1.7</span> GlobalDeclarationInstantiation ( <var>script</var>, <var>env</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-modules" title="Modules"><span class="secnum">16.2</span> Modules</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-module-semantics" title="Module Semantics"><span class="secnum">16.2.1</span> Module Semantics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-module-semantics-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-importedlocalnames" title="Static Semantics: ImportedLocalNames ( importEntries )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.2</span> SS: ImportedLocalNames ( <var>importEntries</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-modulerequest-record" title="ModuleRequest Records"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.3</span> ModuleRequest Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-ModuleRequestsEqual" title="ModuleRequestsEqual ( left, right )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.3.1</span> ModuleRequestsEqual ( <var>left</var>, <var>right</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-modulerequests" title="Static Semantics: ModuleRequests"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.4</span> SS: ModuleRequests</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-abstract-module-records" title="Abstract Module Records"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.5</span> Abstract Module Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-EvaluateModuleSync" title="EvaluateModuleSync ( module )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.5.1</span> EvaluateModuleSync ( <var>module</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-cyclic-module-records" title="Cyclic Module Records"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6</span> Cyclic Module Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-cyclic-module-record-module-record-methods" title="Implementation of Module Record Abstract Methods"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1</span> Implementation of Module Record Abstract Methods</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-LoadRequestedModules" title="LoadRequestedModules ( [ hostDefined ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.1</span> LoadRequestedModules ( [ <var>hostDefined</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-InnerModuleLoading" title="InnerModuleLoading ( state, module )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.1.1</span> InnerModuleLoading ( <var>state</var>, <var>module</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-ContinueModuleLoading" title="ContinueModuleLoading ( state, moduleCompletion )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.1.2</span> ContinueModuleLoading ( <var>state</var>, <var>moduleCompletion</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-moduledeclarationlinking" title="Link ( )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.2</span> Link ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-InnerModuleLinking" title="InnerModuleLinking ( module, stack, index )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.2.1</span> InnerModuleLinking ( <var>module</var>, <var>stack</var>, <var>index</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-moduleevaluation" title="Evaluate ( )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.3</span> Evaluate ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-innermoduleevaluation" title="InnerModuleEvaluation ( module, stack, index )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.3.1</span> InnerModuleEvaluation ( <var>module</var>, <var>stack</var>, <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-execute-async-module" title="ExecuteAsyncModule ( module )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.3.2</span> ExecuteAsyncModule ( <var>module</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-gather-available-ancestors" title="GatherAvailableAncestors ( module, execList )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.3.3</span> GatherAvailableAncestors ( <var>module</var>, <var>execList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-async-module-execution-fulfilled" title="AsyncModuleExecutionFulfilled ( module )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.3.4</span> AsyncModuleExecutionFulfilled ( <var>module</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-async-module-execution-rejected" title="AsyncModuleExecutionRejected ( module, error )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.1.3.5</span> AsyncModuleExecutionRejected ( <var>module</var>, <var>error</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-example-cyclic-module-record-graphs" title="Example Cyclic Module Record Graphs"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.6.2</span> Example Cyclic Module Record Graphs</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-source-text-module-records" title="Source Text Module Records"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7</span> Source Text Module Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-parsemodule" title="ParseModule ( sourceText, realm, hostDefined )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.1</span> ParseModule ( <var>sourceText</var>, <var>realm</var>, <var>hostDefined</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-source-text-module-record-module-record-methods" title="Implementation of Module Record Abstract Methods"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.2</span> Implementation of Module Record Abstract Methods</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-getexportednames" title="GetExportedNames ( [ exportStarSet ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.2.1</span> GetExportedNames ( [ <var>exportStarSet</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-resolveexport" title="ResolveExport ( exportName [ , resolveSet ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.2.2</span> ResolveExport ( <var>exportName</var> [ , <var>resolveSet</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-source-text-module-record-cyclic-module-record-methods" title="Implementation of Cyclic Module Record Abstract Methods"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.3</span> Implementation of Cyclic Module Record Abstract Methods</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-source-text-module-record-initialize-environment" title="InitializeEnvironment ( )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.3.1</span> InitializeEnvironment ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-source-text-module-record-execute-module" title="ExecuteModule ( [ capability ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.7.3.2</span> ExecuteModule ( [ <var>capability</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-synthetic-module-records" title="Synthetic Module Records"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8</span> Synthetic Module Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-create-default-export-synthetic-module" title="CreateDefaultExportSyntheticModule ( defaultExport )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.1</span> CreateDefaultExportSyntheticModule ( <var>defaultExport</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-parse-json-module" title="ParseJSONModule ( source )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.2</span> ParseJSONModule ( <var>source</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-setsyntheticmoduleexport" title="SetSyntheticModuleExport ( module, exportName, exportValue )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.3</span> SetSyntheticModuleExport ( <var>module</var>, <var>exportName</var>, <var>exportValue</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-smr-module-record-methods" title="Implementation of Module Record Abstract Methods"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.4</span> Implementation of Module Record Abstract Methods</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-smr-LoadRequestedModules" title="LoadRequestedModules ( [ hostDefined ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.4.1</span> LoadRequestedModules ( [ <var>hostDefined</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-smr-getexportednames" title="GetExportedNames ( [ exportStarSet ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.4.2</span> GetExportedNames ( [ <var>exportStarSet</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-smr-resolveexport" title="ResolveExport ( exportName [ , resolveSet ] )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.4.3</span> ResolveExport ( <var>exportName</var> [ , <var>resolveSet</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-smr-Link" title="Link ( )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.4.4</span> Link ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-smr-Evaluate" title="Evaluate ( )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.8.4.5</span> Evaluate ( )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-GetImportedModule" title="GetImportedModule ( referrer, request )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.9</span> GetImportedModule ( <var>referrer</var>, <var>request</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-HostLoadImportedModule" title="HostLoadImportedModule ( referrer, moduleRequest, hostDefined, payload )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.10</span> HostLoadImportedModule ( <var>referrer</var>, <var>moduleRequest</var>, <var>hostDefined</var>, <var>payload</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-FinishLoadingImportedModule" title="FinishLoadingImportedModule ( referrer, moduleRequest, payload, result )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.11</span> FinishLoadingImportedModule ( <var>referrer</var>, <var>moduleRequest</var>, <var>payload</var>, <var>result</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-AllImportAttributesSupported" title="AllImportAttributesSupported ( attributes )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.12</span> AllImportAttributesSupported ( <var>attributes</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-hostgetsupportedimportattributes" title="HostGetSupportedImportAttributes ( )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.12.1</span> HostGetSupportedImportAttributes ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-getmodulenamespace" title="GetModuleNamespace ( module )"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.13</span> GetModuleNamespace ( <var>module</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-module-semantics-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">16.2.1.14</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-imports" title="Imports"><span class="secnum">16.2.2</span> Imports</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-imports-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">16.2.2.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-importentries" title="Static Semantics: ImportEntries"><span class="secnum">16.2.2.2</span> SS: ImportEntries</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-importentriesformodule" title="Static Semantics: ImportEntriesForModule"><span class="secnum">16.2.2.3</span> SS: ImportEntriesForModule</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-withclausetoattributes" title="Static Semantics: WithClauseToAttributes"><span class="secnum">16.2.2.4</span> SS: WithClauseToAttributes</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-exports" title="Exports"><span class="secnum">16.2.3</span> Exports</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-exports-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-exportedbindings" title="Static Semantics: ExportedBindings"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.2</span> SS: ExportedBindings</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-exportednames" title="Static Semantics: ExportedNames"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.3</span> SS: ExportedNames</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-exportentries" title="Static Semantics: ExportEntries"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.4</span> SS: ExportEntries</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-exportentriesformodule" title="Static Semantics: ExportEntriesForModule"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.5</span> SS: ExportEntriesForModule</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-static-semantics-referencedbindings" title="Static Semantics: ReferencedBindings"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.6</span> SS: ReferencedBindings</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-language-scripts-and-modules.html#sec-exports-runtime-semantics-evaluation" title="Runtime Semantics: Evaluation"><span class="secnum">16.2.3.7</span> RS: Evaluation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="error-handling-and-language-extensions.html#sec-error-handling-and-language-extensions" title="Error Handling and Language Extensions"><span class="secnum">17</span> Error Handling and Language Extensions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="error-handling-and-language-extensions.html#sec-forbidden-extensions" title="Forbidden Extensions"><span class="secnum">17.1</span> Forbidden Extensions</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="ecmascript-standard-built-in-objects.html#sec-ecmascript-standard-built-in-objects" title="ECMAScript Standard Built-in Objects"><span class="secnum">18</span> ECMAScript Standard Built-in Objects</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-global-object" title="The Global Object"><span class="secnum">19</span> The Global Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-value-properties-of-the-global-object" title="Value Properties of the Global Object"><span class="secnum">19.1</span> Value Properties of the Global Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-globalthis" title="globalThis"><span class="secnum">19.1.1</span> globalThis</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-value-properties-of-the-global-object-infinity" title="Infinity"><span class="secnum">19.1.2</span> Infinity</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-value-properties-of-the-global-object-nan" title="NaN"><span class="secnum">19.1.3</span> NaN</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-undefined" title="undefined"><span class="secnum">19.1.4</span> undefined</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-function-properties-of-the-global-object" title="Function Properties of the Global Object"><span class="secnum">19.2</span> Function Properties of the Global Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-eval-x" title="eval ( x )"><span class="secnum">19.2.1</span> eval ( <var>x</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-performeval" title="PerformEval ( x, strictCaller, direct )"><span class="secnum">19.2.1.1</span> PerformEval ( <var>x</var>, <var>strictCaller</var>, <var>direct</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-hostensurecancompilestrings" title="HostEnsureCanCompileStrings ( calleeRealm, parameterStrings, bodyString, direct )"><span class="secnum">19.2.1.2</span> HostEnsureCanCompileStrings ( <var>calleeRealm</var>, <var>parameterStrings</var>, <var>bodyString</var>, <var>direct</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-evaldeclarationinstantiation" title="EvalDeclarationInstantiation ( body, varEnv, lexEnv, privateEnv, strict )"><span class="secnum">19.2.1.3</span> EvalDeclarationInstantiation ( <var>body</var>, <var>varEnv</var>, <var>lexEnv</var>, <var>privateEnv</var>, <var>strict</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-isfinite-number" title="isFinite ( number )"><span class="secnum">19.2.2</span> isFinite ( <var>number</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-isnan-number" title="isNaN ( number )"><span class="secnum">19.2.3</span> isNaN ( <var>number</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-parsefloat-string" title="parseFloat ( string )"><span class="secnum">19.2.4</span> parseFloat ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-parseint-string-radix" title="parseInt ( string, radix )"><span class="secnum">19.2.5</span> parseInt ( <var>string</var>, <var>radix</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-uri-handling-functions" title="URI Handling Functions"><span class="secnum">19.2.6</span> URI Handling Functions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-decodeuri-encodeduri" title="decodeURI ( encodedURI )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.1</span> decodeURI ( <var>encodedURI</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-decodeuricomponent-encodeduricomponent" title="decodeURIComponent ( encodedURIComponent )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.2</span> decodeURIComponent ( <var>encodedURIComponent</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-encodeuri-uri" title="encodeURI ( uri )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.3</span> encodeURI ( <var>uri</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-encodeuricomponent-uricomponent" title="encodeURIComponent ( uriComponent )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.4</span> encodeURIComponent ( <var>uriComponent</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-encode" title="Encode ( string, extraUnescaped )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.5</span> Encode ( <var>string</var>, <var>extraUnescaped</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-decode" title="Decode ( string, preserveEscapeSet )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.6</span> Decode ( <var>string</var>, <var>preserveEscapeSet</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-parsehexoctet" title="ParseHexOctet ( string, position )"><span class="secnum">19.2.6.7</span> ParseHexOctet ( <var>string</var>, <var>position</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object" title="Constructor Properties of the Global Object"><span class="secnum">19.3</span> Constructor Properties of the Global Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-aggregate-error" title="AggregateError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.1</span> AggregateError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-array" title="Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.2</span> Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-arraybuffer" title="ArrayBuffer ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.3</span> ArrayBuffer ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-bigint" title="BigInt ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.4</span> BigInt ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-bigint64array" title="BigInt64Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.5</span> BigInt64Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-biguint64array" title="BigUint64Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.6</span> BigUint64Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-boolean" title="Boolean ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.7</span> Boolean ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-dataview" title="DataView ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.8</span> DataView ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-date" title="Date ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.9</span> Date ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-error" title="Error ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.10</span> Error ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-evalerror" title="EvalError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.11</span> EvalError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-finalization-registry" title="FinalizationRegistry ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.12</span> FinalizationRegistry ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-float16array" title="Float16Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.13</span> Float16Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-float32array" title="Float32Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.14</span> Float32Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-float64array" title="Float64Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.15</span> Float64Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-function" title="Function ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.16</span> Function ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-int8array" title="Int8Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.17</span> Int8Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-int16array" title="Int16Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.18</span> Int16Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-int32array" title="Int32Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.19</span> Int32Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-iterator" title="Iterator ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.20</span> Iterator ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-map" title="Map ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.21</span> Map ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-number" title="Number ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.22</span> Number ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-object" title="Object ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.23</span> Object ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-promise" title="Promise ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.24</span> Promise ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-proxy" title="Proxy ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.25</span> Proxy ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-rangeerror" title="RangeError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.26</span> RangeError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-referenceerror" title="ReferenceError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.27</span> ReferenceError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-regexp" title="RegExp ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.28</span> RegExp ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-set" title="Set ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.29</span> Set ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-sharedarraybuffer" title="SharedArrayBuffer ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.30</span> SharedArrayBuffer ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-string" title="String ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.31</span> String ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-symbol" title="Symbol ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.32</span> Symbol ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-syntaxerror" title="SyntaxError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.33</span> SyntaxError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-typeerror" title="TypeError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.34</span> TypeError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-uint8array" title="Uint8Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.35</span> Uint8Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-uint8clampedarray" title="Uint8ClampedArray ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.36</span> Uint8ClampedArray ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-uint16array" title="Uint16Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.37</span> Uint16Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-uint32array" title="Uint32Array ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.38</span> Uint32Array ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-urierror" title="URIError ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.39</span> URIError ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-weakmap" title="WeakMap ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.40</span> WeakMap ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-weakref" title="WeakRef ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.41</span> WeakRef ( . . . )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-constructor-properties-of-the-global-object-weakset" title="WeakSet ( . . . )"><span class="secnum">19.3.42</span> WeakSet ( . . . )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="global-object.html#sec-other-properties-of-the-global-object" title="Other Properties of the Global Object"><span class="secnum">19.4</span> Other Properties of the Global Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-atomics" title="Atomics"><span class="secnum">19.4.1</span> Atomics</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-json" title="JSON"><span class="secnum">19.4.2</span> JSON</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-math" title="Math"><span class="secnum">19.4.3</span> Math</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="global-object.html#sec-reflect" title="Reflect"><span class="secnum">19.4.4</span> Reflect</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-fundamental-objects" title="Fundamental Objects"><span class="secnum">20</span> Fundamental Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object-objects" title="Object Objects"><span class="secnum">20.1</span> Object Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object-constructor" title="The Object Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.1.1</span> The Object Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object-value" title="Object ( value )"><span class="secnum">20.1.1.1</span> Object ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-object-constructor" title="Properties of the Object Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.1.2</span> Properties of the Object Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.assign" title="Object.assign ( target, ...sources )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.1</span> Object.assign ( <var>target</var>, ...<var>sources</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.create" title="Object.create ( O, Properties )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.2</span> Object.create ( <var>O</var>, <var>Properties</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.defineproperties" title="Object.defineProperties ( O, Properties )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.3</span> Object.defineProperties ( <var>O</var>, <var>Properties</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-objectdefineproperties" title="ObjectDefineProperties ( O, Properties )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.3.1</span> ObjectDefineProperties ( <var>O</var>, <var>Properties</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.defineproperty" title="Object.defineProperty ( O, P, Attributes )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.4</span> Object.defineProperty ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var>, <var>Attributes</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.entries" title="Object.entries ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.5</span> Object.entries ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.freeze" title="Object.freeze ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.6</span> Object.freeze ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.fromentries" title="Object.fromEntries ( iterable )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.7</span> Object.fromEntries ( <var>iterable</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptor" title="Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.8</span> Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.getownpropertydescriptors" title="Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.9</span> Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.getownpropertynames" title="Object.getOwnPropertyNames ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.10</span> Object.getOwnPropertyNames ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.getownpropertysymbols" title="Object.getOwnPropertySymbols ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.11</span> Object.getOwnPropertySymbols ( <var>O</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-getownpropertykeys" title="GetOwnPropertyKeys ( O, type )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.11.1</span> GetOwnPropertyKeys ( <var>O</var>, <var>type</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.getprototypeof" title="Object.getPrototypeOf ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.12</span> Object.getPrototypeOf ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.groupby" title="Object.groupBy ( items, callback )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.13</span> Object.groupBy ( <var>items</var>, <var>callback</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.hasown" title="Object.hasOwn ( O, P )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.14</span> Object.hasOwn ( <var>O</var>, <var>P</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.is" title="Object.is ( value1, value2 )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.15</span> Object.is ( <var>value1</var>, <var>value2</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.isextensible" title="Object.isExtensible ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.16</span> Object.isExtensible ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.isfrozen" title="Object.isFrozen ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.17</span> Object.isFrozen ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.issealed" title="Object.isSealed ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.18</span> Object.isSealed ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.keys" title="Object.keys ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.19</span> Object.keys ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.preventextensions" title="Object.preventExtensions ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.20</span> Object.preventExtensions ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype" title="Object.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.21</span> Object.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.seal" title="Object.seal ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.22</span> Object.seal ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.setprototypeof" title="Object.setPrototypeOf ( O, proto )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.23</span> Object.setPrototypeOf ( <var>O</var>, <var>proto</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.values" title="Object.values ( O )"><span class="secnum">20.1.2.24</span> Object.values ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-object-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Object Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">20.1.3</span> Properties of the Object Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.constructor" title="Object.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.1</span> Object.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.hasownproperty" title="Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty ( V )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.2</span> Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.isprototypeof" title="Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf ( V )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.3</span> Object.prototype.isPrototypeOf ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.propertyisenumerable" title="Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable ( V )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.4</span> Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable ( <var>V</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.tolocalestring" title="Object.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.5</span> Object.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.tostring" title="Object.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.6</span> Object.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.valueof" title="Object.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.7</span> Object.prototype.valueOf ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.__proto__" title="Object.prototype.__proto__"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.8</span> Object.prototype.__proto__</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-get-object.prototype.__proto__" title="get Object.prototype.__proto__"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.8.1</span> get Object.prototype.__proto__</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-set-object.prototype.__proto__" title="set Object.prototype.__proto__"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.8.2</span> set Object.prototype.__proto__</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype-legacy-accessor-methods" title="Legacy Object.prototype Accessor Methods"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.9</span> Legacy Object.prototype Accessor Methods</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.__defineGetter__" title="Object.prototype.__defineGetter__ ( P, getter )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.9.1</span> Object.prototype.__defineGetter__ ( <var>P</var>, <var>getter</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.__defineSetter__" title="Object.prototype.__defineSetter__ ( P, setter )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.9.2</span> Object.prototype.__defineSetter__ ( <var>P</var>, <var>setter</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-object.prototype.__lookupGetter__" title="Object.prototype.__lookupGetter__ ( P )"><span class="secnum">20.1.3.9.3</span> 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class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function-p1-p2-pn-body" title="Function ( ...parameterArgs, bodyArg )"><span class="secnum">20.2.1.1</span> Function ( ...<var>parameterArgs</var>, <var>bodyArg</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-createdynamicfunction" title="CreateDynamicFunction ( constructor, newTarget, kind, parameterArgs, bodyArg )"><span class="secnum">20.2.1.1.1</span> CreateDynamicFunction ( <var>constructor</var>, <var>newTarget</var>, <var>kind</var>, <var>parameterArgs</var>, <var>bodyArg</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-function-constructor" title="Properties of the Function Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.2.2</span> Properties of the Function Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype" title="Function.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.2.2.1</span> Function.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-function-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Function Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">20.2.3</span> Properties of the Function Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype.apply" title="Function.prototype.apply ( thisArg, argArray )"><span class="secnum">20.2.3.1</span> Function.prototype.apply ( <var>thisArg</var>, <var>argArray</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype.bind" title="Function.prototype.bind ( thisArg, ...args )"><span class="secnum">20.2.3.2</span> Function.prototype.bind ( <var>thisArg</var>, ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype.call" title="Function.prototype.call ( thisArg, ...args )"><span class="secnum">20.2.3.3</span> Function.prototype.call ( <var>thisArg</var>, ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype.constructor" title="Function.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.2.3.4</span> Function.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype.tostring" title="Function.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">20.2.3.5</span> Function.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function.prototype-%symbol.hasinstance%" title="Function.prototype [ %Symbol.hasInstance% ] ( V )"><span class="secnum">20.2.3.6</span> Function.prototype [ %Symbol.hasInstance% ] ( <var>V</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function-instances" title="Function Instances"><span class="secnum">20.2.4</span> Function Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function-instances-length" title="length"><span class="secnum">20.2.4.1</span> length</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function-instances-name" title="name"><span class="secnum">20.2.4.2</span> name</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-function-instances-prototype" title="prototype"><span class="secnum">20.2.4.3</span> prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-hosthassourcetextavailable" title="HostHasSourceTextAvailable ( func )"><span class="secnum">20.2.5</span> HostHasSourceTextAvailable ( <var>func</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean-objects" title="Boolean Objects"><span class="secnum">20.3</span> Boolean Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean-constructor" title="The Boolean Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.3.1</span> The Boolean Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean-constructor-boolean-value" title="Boolean ( value )"><span class="secnum">20.3.1.1</span> Boolean ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-boolean-constructor" title="Properties of the Boolean Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.3.2</span> Properties of the Boolean Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean.prototype" title="Boolean.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.3.2.1</span> Boolean.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-boolean-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Boolean Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">20.3.3</span> Properties of the Boolean Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean.prototype.constructor" title="Boolean.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.3.3.1</span> Boolean.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean.prototype.tostring" title="Boolean.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">20.3.3.2</span> Boolean.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-boolean.prototype.valueof" title="Boolean.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">20.3.3.3</span> Boolean.prototype.valueOf ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-thisbooleanvalue" title="ThisBooleanValue ( value )"><span class="secnum">20.3.3.3.1</span> ThisBooleanValue ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-boolean-instances" title="Properties of Boolean Instances"><span class="secnum">20.3.4</span> Properties of Boolean Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol-objects" title="Symbol Objects"><span class="secnum">20.4</span> Symbol Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol-constructor" title="The Symbol Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.4.1</span> The Symbol Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol-description" title="Symbol ( [ description ] )"><span class="secnum">20.4.1.1</span> Symbol ( [ <var>description</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-symbol-constructor" title="Properties of the Symbol Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.4.2</span> Properties of the Symbol Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.asynciterator" title="Symbol.asyncIterator"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.1</span> Symbol.asyncIterator</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.for" title="Symbol.for ( key )"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.2</span> Symbol.for ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.hasinstance" title="Symbol.hasInstance"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.3</span> Symbol.hasInstance</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.isconcatspreadable" title="Symbol.isConcatSpreadable"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.4</span> Symbol.isConcatSpreadable</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.iterator" title="Symbol.iterator"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.5</span> Symbol.iterator</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.keyfor" title="Symbol.keyFor ( sym )"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.6</span> Symbol.keyFor ( <var>sym</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.match" title="Symbol.match"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.7</span> Symbol.match</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.matchall" title="Symbol.matchAll"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.8</span> Symbol.matchAll</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype" title="Symbol.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.9</span> Symbol.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.replace" title="Symbol.replace"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.10</span> Symbol.replace</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.search" title="Symbol.search"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.11</span> Symbol.search</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.species" title="Symbol.species"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.12</span> Symbol.species</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.split" title="Symbol.split"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.13</span> Symbol.split</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.toprimitive" title="Symbol.toPrimitive"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.14</span> Symbol.toPrimitive</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.tostringtag" title="Symbol.toStringTag"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.15</span> Symbol.toStringTag</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.unscopables" title="Symbol.unscopables"><span class="secnum">20.4.2.16</span> Symbol.unscopables</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-symbol-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Symbol Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">20.4.3</span> Properties of the Symbol Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype.constructor" title="Symbol.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.1</span> Symbol.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype.description" title="get Symbol.prototype.description"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.2</span> get Symbol.prototype.description</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype.tostring" title="Symbol.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.3</span> Symbol.prototype.toString ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symboldescriptivestring" title="SymbolDescriptiveString ( sym )"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.3.1</span> SymbolDescriptiveString ( <var>sym</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype.valueof" title="Symbol.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.4</span> Symbol.prototype.valueOf ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-thissymbolvalue" title="ThisSymbolValue ( value )"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.4.1</span> ThisSymbolValue ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype-%symbol.toprimitive%" title="Symbol.prototype [ %Symbol.toPrimitive% ] ( hint )"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.5</span> Symbol.prototype [ %Symbol.toPrimitive% ] ( <var>hint</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-symbol.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Symbol.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">20.4.3.6</span> Symbol.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-symbol-instances" title="Properties of Symbol Instances"><span class="secnum">20.4.4</span> Properties of Symbol Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-symbols" title="Abstract Operations for Symbols"><span class="secnum">20.4.5</span> Abstract Operations for Symbols</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-keyforsymbol" title="KeyForSymbol ( sym )"><span class="secnum">20.4.5.1</span> KeyForSymbol ( <var>sym</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error-objects" title="Error Objects"><span class="secnum">20.5</span> Error Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error-constructor" title="The Error Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.1</span> The Error Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error-message" title="Error ( message [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">20.5.1.1</span> Error ( <var>message</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-error-constructor" title="Properties of the Error Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.2</span> Properties of the Error Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error.iserror" title="Error.isError ( arg )"><span class="secnum">20.5.2.1</span> Error.isError ( <var>arg</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error.prototype" title="Error.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.5.2.2</span> Error.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-error-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Error Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">20.5.3</span> Properties of the Error Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error.prototype.constructor" title="Error.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.3.1</span> Error.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error.prototype.message" title="Error.prototype.message"><span class="secnum">20.5.3.2</span> Error.prototype.message</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error.prototype.name" title="Error.prototype.name"><span class="secnum">20.5.3.3</span> Error.prototype.name</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-error.prototype.tostring" title="Error.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">20.5.3.4</span> Error.prototype.toString ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-error-instances" title="Properties of Error Instances"><span class="secnum">20.5.4</span> Properties of Error Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard" title="Native Error Types Used in This Standard"><span class="secnum">20.5.5</span> Native Error Types Used in This Standard</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard-evalerror" title="EvalError"><span class="secnum">20.5.5.1</span> EvalError</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard-rangeerror" title="RangeError"><span class="secnum">20.5.5.2</span> RangeError</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard-referenceerror" title="ReferenceError"><span class="secnum">20.5.5.3</span> ReferenceError</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard-syntaxerror" title="SyntaxError"><span class="secnum">20.5.5.4</span> SyntaxError</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard-typeerror" title="TypeError"><span class="secnum">20.5.5.5</span> TypeError</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-native-error-types-used-in-this-standard-urierror" title="URIError"><span class="secnum">20.5.5.6</span> URIError</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror-object-structure" title="NativeError Object Structure"><span class="secnum">20.5.6</span> <var>NativeError</var> Object Structure</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror-constructors" title="The NativeError Constructors"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.1</span> The <var>NativeError</var> Constructors</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror" title="NativeError ( message [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.1.1</span> <var>NativeError</var> ( <var>message</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-nativeerror-constructors" title="Properties of the NativeError Constructors"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.2</span> Properties of the <var>NativeError</var> Constructors</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror.prototype" title="NativeError.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.2.1</span> <var>NativeError</var>.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-nativeerror-prototype-objects" title="Properties of the NativeError Prototype Objects"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.3</span> Properties of the <var>NativeError</var> Prototype Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror.prototype.constructor" title="NativeError.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.3.1</span> <var>NativeError</var>.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror.prototype.message" title="NativeError.prototype.message"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.3.2</span> <var>NativeError</var>.prototype.message</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-nativeerror.prototype.name" title="NativeError.prototype.name"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.3.3</span> <var>NativeError</var>.prototype.name</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-nativeerror-instances" title="Properties of NativeError Instances"><span class="secnum">20.5.6.4</span> Properties of <var>NativeError</var> Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error-objects" title="AggregateError Objects"><span class="secnum">20.5.7</span> AggregateError Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error-constructor" title="The AggregateError Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.1</span> The AggregateError Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error" title="AggregateError ( errors, message [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.1.1</span> AggregateError ( <var>errors</var>, <var>message</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-aggregate-error-constructors" title="Properties of the AggregateError Constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.2</span> Properties of the AggregateError Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error.prototype" title="AggregateError.prototype"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.2.1</span> AggregateError.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-aggregate-error-prototype-objects" title="Properties of the AggregateError Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.3</span> Properties of the AggregateError Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error.prototype.constructor" title="AggregateError.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.3.1</span> AggregateError.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error.prototype.message" title="AggregateError.prototype.message"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.3.2</span> AggregateError.prototype.message</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-aggregate-error.prototype.name" title="AggregateError.prototype.name"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.3.3</span> AggregateError.prototype.name</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-properties-of-aggregate-error-instances" title="Properties of AggregateError Instances"><span class="secnum">20.5.7.4</span> Properties of AggregateError Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-error-objects" title="Abstract Operations for Error Objects"><span class="secnum">20.5.8</span> Abstract Operations for Error Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="fundamental-objects.html#sec-installerrorcause" title="InstallErrorCause ( O, options )"><span class="secnum">20.5.8.1</span> InstallErrorCause ( <var>O</var>, <var>options</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-numbers-and-dates" title="Numbers and Dates"><span class="secnum">21</span> Numbers and Dates</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number-objects" title="Number Objects"><span class="secnum">21.1</span> Number Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number-constructor" title="The Number Constructor"><span class="secnum">21.1.1</span> The Number Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number-constructor-number-value" title="Number ( value )"><span class="secnum">21.1.1.1</span> Number ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-the-number-constructor" title="Properties of the Number Constructor"><span class="secnum">21.1.2</span> Properties of the Number Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.epsilon" title="Number.EPSILON"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.1</span> Number.EPSILON</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.isfinite" title="Number.isFinite ( number )"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.2</span> Number.isFinite ( <var>number</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.isinteger" title="Number.isInteger ( number )"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.3</span> Number.isInteger ( <var>number</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.isnan" title="Number.isNaN ( number )"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.4</span> Number.isNaN ( <var>number</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.issafeinteger" title="Number.isSafeInteger ( number )"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.5</span> Number.isSafeInteger ( <var>number</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.max_safe_integer" title="Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.6</span> Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.max_value" title="Number.MAX_VALUE"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.7</span> Number.MAX_VALUE</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.min_safe_integer" title="Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.8</span> Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.min_value" title="Number.MIN_VALUE"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.9</span> Number.MIN_VALUE</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.nan" title="Number.NaN"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.10</span> Number.NaN</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.negative_infinity" title="Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.11</span> Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.parsefloat" title="Number.parseFloat ( string )"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.12</span> Number.parseFloat ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.parseint" title="Number.parseInt ( string, radix )"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.13</span> Number.parseInt ( <var>string</var>, <var>radix</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.positive_infinity" title="Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.14</span> Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype" title="Number.prototype"><span class="secnum">21.1.2.15</span> Number.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-the-number-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Number Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">21.1.3</span> Properties of the Number Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.constructor" title="Number.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.1</span> Number.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.toexponential" title="Number.prototype.toExponential ( fractionDigits )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.2</span> Number.prototype.toExponential ( <var>fractionDigits</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.tofixed" title="Number.prototype.toFixed ( fractionDigits )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.3</span> Number.prototype.toFixed ( <var>fractionDigits</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.tolocalestring" title="Number.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.4</span> Number.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.toprecision" title="Number.prototype.toPrecision ( precision )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.5</span> Number.prototype.toPrecision ( <var>precision</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.tostring" title="Number.prototype.toString ( [ radix ] )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.6</span> Number.prototype.toString ( [ <var>radix</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-number.prototype.valueof" title="Number.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.7</span> Number.prototype.valueOf ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-thisnumbervalue" title="ThisNumberValue ( value )"><span class="secnum">21.1.3.7.1</span> ThisNumberValue ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-number-instances" title="Properties of Number Instances"><span class="secnum">21.1.4</span> Properties of Number Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint-objects" title="BigInt Objects"><span class="secnum">21.2</span> BigInt Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint-constructor" title="The BigInt Constructor"><span class="secnum">21.2.1</span> The BigInt Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint-constructor-number-value" title="BigInt ( value )"><span class="secnum">21.2.1.1</span> BigInt ( <var>value</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-numbertobigint" title="NumberToBigInt ( number )"><span class="secnum">21.2.1.1.1</span> NumberToBigInt ( <var>number</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-the-bigint-constructor" title="Properties of the BigInt Constructor"><span class="secnum">21.2.2</span> Properties of the BigInt Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.asintn" title="BigInt.asIntN ( bits, bigint )"><span class="secnum">21.2.2.1</span> BigInt.asIntN ( <var>bits</var>, <var>bigint</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.asuintn" title="BigInt.asUintN ( bits, bigint )"><span class="secnum">21.2.2.2</span> BigInt.asUintN ( <var>bits</var>, <var>bigint</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.prototype" title="BigInt.prototype"><span class="secnum">21.2.2.3</span> BigInt.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-the-bigint-prototype-object" title="Properties of the BigInt Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">21.2.3</span> Properties of the BigInt Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.prototype.constructor" title="BigInt.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">21.2.3.1</span> BigInt.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.prototype.tolocalestring" title="BigInt.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.2.3.2</span> BigInt.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.prototype.tostring" title="BigInt.prototype.toString ( [ radix ] )"><span class="secnum">21.2.3.3</span> BigInt.prototype.toString ( [ <var>radix</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.prototype.valueof" title="BigInt.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">21.2.3.4</span> BigInt.prototype.valueOf ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-thisbigintvalue" title="ThisBigIntValue ( value )"><span class="secnum">21.2.3.4.1</span> ThisBigIntValue ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-bigint.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="BigInt.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">21.2.3.5</span> BigInt.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-bigint-instances" title="Properties of BigInt Instances"><span class="secnum">21.2.4</span> Properties of BigInt Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math-object" title="The Math Object"><span class="secnum">21.3</span> The Math Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-value-properties-of-the-math-object" title="Value Properties of the Math Object"><span class="secnum">21.3.1</span> Value Properties of the Math Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.e" title="Math.E"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.1</span> Math.E</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.ln10" title="Math.LN10"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.2</span> Math.LN10</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.ln2" title="Math.LN2"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.3</span> Math.LN2</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.log10e" title="Math.LOG10E"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.4</span> Math.LOG10E</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.log2e" title="Math.LOG2E"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.5</span> Math.LOG2E</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.pi" title="Math.PI"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.6</span> Math.PI</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sqrt1_2" title="Math.SQRT1_2"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.7</span> Math.SQRT1_2</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sqrt2" title="Math.SQRT2"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.8</span> Math.SQRT2</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Math [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">21.3.1.9</span> Math [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-function-properties-of-the-math-object" title="Function Properties of the Math Object"><span class="secnum">21.3.2</span> Function Properties of the Math Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.abs" title="Math.abs ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.1</span> Math.abs ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.acos" title="Math.acos ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.2</span> Math.acos ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.acosh" title="Math.acosh ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.3</span> Math.acosh ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.asin" title="Math.asin ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.4</span> Math.asin ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.asinh" title="Math.asinh ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.5</span> Math.asinh ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.atan" title="Math.atan ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.6</span> Math.atan ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.atanh" title="Math.atanh ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.7</span> Math.atanh ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.atan2" title="Math.atan2 ( y, x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.8</span> Math.atan2 ( <var>y</var>, <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.cbrt" title="Math.cbrt ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.9</span> Math.cbrt ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.ceil" title="Math.ceil ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.10</span> Math.ceil ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.clz32" title="Math.clz32 ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.11</span> Math.clz32 ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.cos" title="Math.cos ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.12</span> Math.cos ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.cosh" title="Math.cosh ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.13</span> Math.cosh ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.exp" title="Math.exp ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.14</span> Math.exp ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.expm1" title="Math.expm1 ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.15</span> Math.expm1 ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.floor" title="Math.floor ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.16</span> Math.floor ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.fround" title="Math.fround ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.17</span> Math.fround ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.f16round" title="Math.f16round ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.18</span> Math.f16round ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.hypot" title="Math.hypot ( ...args )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.19</span> Math.hypot ( ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.imul" title="Math.imul ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.20</span> Math.imul ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.log" title="Math.log ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.21</span> Math.log ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.log1p" title="Math.log1p ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.22</span> Math.log1p ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.log10" title="Math.log10 ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.23</span> Math.log10 ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.log2" title="Math.log2 ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.24</span> Math.log2 ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.max" title="Math.max ( ...args )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.25</span> Math.max ( ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.min" title="Math.min ( ...args )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.26</span> Math.min ( ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.pow" title="Math.pow ( base, exponent )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.27</span> Math.pow ( <var>base</var>, <var>exponent</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.random" title="Math.random ( )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.28</span> Math.random ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.round" title="Math.round ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.29</span> Math.round ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sign" title="Math.sign ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.30</span> Math.sign ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sin" title="Math.sin ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.31</span> Math.sin ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sinh" title="Math.sinh ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.32</span> Math.sinh ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sqrt" title="Math.sqrt ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.33</span> Math.sqrt ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.sumprecise" title="Math.sumPrecise ( items )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.34</span> Math.sumPrecise ( <var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.tan" title="Math.tan ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.35</span> Math.tan ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.tanh" title="Math.tanh ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.36</span> Math.tanh ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-math.trunc" title="Math.trunc ( x )"><span class="secnum">21.3.2.37</span> Math.trunc ( <var>x</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date-objects" title="Date Objects"><span class="secnum">21.4</span> Date Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-overview-of-date-objects-and-definitions-of-abstract-operations" title="Overview of Date Objects and Definitions of Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">21.4.1</span> Overview of Date Objects and Definitions of Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-time-values-and-time-range" title="Time Values and Time Range"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.1</span> Time Values and Time Range</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-time-related-constants" title="Time-related Constants"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.2</span> Time-related Constants</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-day" title="Day ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.3</span> Day ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-timewithinday" title="TimeWithinDay ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.4</span> TimeWithinDay ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-daysinyear" title="DaysInYear ( y )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.5</span> DaysInYear ( <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-dayfromyear" title="DayFromYear ( y )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.6</span> DayFromYear ( <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-timefromyear" title="TimeFromYear ( y )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.7</span> TimeFromYear ( <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-yearfromtime" title="YearFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.8</span> YearFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-daywithinyear" title="DayWithinYear ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.9</span> DayWithinYear ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-inleapyear" title="InLeapYear ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.10</span> InLeapYear ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-monthfromtime" title="MonthFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.11</span> MonthFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-datefromtime" title="DateFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.12</span> DateFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-weekday" title="WeekDay ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.13</span> WeekDay ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-hourfromtime" title="HourFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.14</span> HourFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-minfromtime" title="MinFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.15</span> MinFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-secfromtime" title="SecFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.16</span> SecFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-msfromtime" title="msFromTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.17</span> msFromTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-getutcepochnanoseconds" title="GetUTCEpochNanoseconds ( year, month, day, hour, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.18</span> GetUTCEpochNanoseconds ( <var>year</var>, <var>month</var>, <var>day</var>, <var>hour</var>, <var>minute</var>, <var>second</var>, <var>millisecond</var>, <var>microsecond</var>, <var>nanosecond</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-time-zone-identifiers" title="Time Zone Identifiers"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.19</span> Time Zone Identifiers</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-getnamedtimezoneepochnanoseconds" title="GetNamedTimeZoneEpochNanoseconds ( timeZoneIdentifier, year, month, day, hour, minute, second, millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.20</span> GetNamedTimeZoneEpochNanoseconds ( <var>timeZoneIdentifier</var>, <var>year</var>, <var>month</var>, <var>day</var>, <var>hour</var>, <var>minute</var>, <var>second</var>, <var>millisecond</var>, <var>microsecond</var>, <var>nanosecond</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-getnamedtimezoneoffsetnanoseconds" title="GetNamedTimeZoneOffsetNanoseconds ( timeZoneIdentifier, epochNanoseconds )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.21</span> GetNamedTimeZoneOffsetNanoseconds ( <var>timeZoneIdentifier</var>, <var>epochNanoseconds</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-time-zone-identifier-record" title="Time Zone Identifier Record"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.22</span> Time Zone Identifier Record</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-availablenamedtimezoneidentifiers" title="AvailableNamedTimeZoneIdentifiers ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.23</span> AvailableNamedTimeZoneIdentifiers ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-systemtimezoneidentifier" title="SystemTimeZoneIdentifier ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.24</span> SystemTimeZoneIdentifier ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-localtime" title="LocalTime ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.25</span> LocalTime ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-utc-t" title="UTC ( t )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.26</span> UTC ( <var>t</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-maketime" title="MakeTime ( hour, min, sec, ms )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.27</span> MakeTime ( <var>hour</var>, <var>min</var>, <var>sec</var>, <var>ms</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-makeday" title="MakeDay ( year, month, date )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.28</span> MakeDay ( <var>year</var>, <var>month</var>, <var>date</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-makedate" title="MakeDate ( day, time )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.29</span> MakeDate ( <var>day</var>, <var>time</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-makefullyear" title="MakeFullYear ( year )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.30</span> MakeFullYear ( <var>year</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-timeclip" title="TimeClip ( time )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.31</span> TimeClip ( <var>time</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date-time-string-format" title="Date Time String Format"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.32</span> Date Time String Format</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-expanded-years" title="Expanded Years"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.32.1</span> Expanded Years</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-time-zone-offset-strings" title="Time Zone Offset String Format"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.33</span> Time Zone Offset String Format</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-istimezoneoffsetstring" title="IsTimeZoneOffsetString ( offsetString )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.33.1</span> IsTimeZoneOffsetString ( <var>offsetString</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-parsetimezoneoffsetstring" title="ParseTimeZoneOffsetString ( offsetString )"><span class="secnum">21.4.1.33.2</span> ParseTimeZoneOffsetString ( <var>offsetString</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date-constructor" title="The Date Constructor"><span class="secnum">21.4.2</span> The Date Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date" title="Date ( ...values )"><span class="secnum">21.4.2.1</span> Date ( ...<var>values</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-the-date-constructor" title="Properties of the Date Constructor"><span class="secnum">21.4.3</span> Properties of the Date Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.now" title="Date.now ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.3.1</span> Date.now ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.parse" title="Date.parse ( string )"><span class="secnum">21.4.3.2</span> Date.parse ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype" title="Date.prototype"><span class="secnum">21.4.3.3</span> Date.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.utc" title="Date.UTC ( year [ , month [ , date [ , hours [ , minutes [ , seconds [ , ms ] ] ] ] ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.3.4</span> Date.UTC ( <var>year</var> [ , <var>month</var> [ , <var>date</var> [ , <var>hours</var> [ , <var>minutes</var> [ , <var>seconds</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] ] ] ] ] ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-the-date-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Date Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">21.4.4</span> Properties of the Date Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.constructor" title="Date.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.1</span> Date.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getdate" title="Date.prototype.getDate ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.2</span> Date.prototype.getDate ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getday" title="Date.prototype.getDay ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.3</span> Date.prototype.getDay ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getfullyear" title="Date.prototype.getFullYear ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.4</span> Date.prototype.getFullYear ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.gethours" title="Date.prototype.getHours ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.5</span> Date.prototype.getHours ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getmilliseconds" title="Date.prototype.getMilliseconds ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.6</span> Date.prototype.getMilliseconds ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getminutes" title="Date.prototype.getMinutes ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.7</span> Date.prototype.getMinutes ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getmonth" title="Date.prototype.getMonth ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.8</span> Date.prototype.getMonth ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getseconds" title="Date.prototype.getSeconds ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.9</span> Date.prototype.getSeconds ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.gettime" title="Date.prototype.getTime ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.10</span> Date.prototype.getTime ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.gettimezoneoffset" title="Date.prototype.getTimezoneOffset ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.11</span> Date.prototype.getTimezoneOffset ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcdate" title="Date.prototype.getUTCDate ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.12</span> Date.prototype.getUTCDate ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcday" title="Date.prototype.getUTCDay ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.13</span> Date.prototype.getUTCDay ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcfullyear" title="Date.prototype.getUTCFullYear ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.14</span> Date.prototype.getUTCFullYear ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutchours" title="Date.prototype.getUTCHours ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.15</span> Date.prototype.getUTCHours ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcmilliseconds" title="Date.prototype.getUTCMilliseconds ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.16</span> Date.prototype.getUTCMilliseconds ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcminutes" title="Date.prototype.getUTCMinutes ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.17</span> Date.prototype.getUTCMinutes ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcmonth" title="Date.prototype.getUTCMonth ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.18</span> Date.prototype.getUTCMonth ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.getutcseconds" title="Date.prototype.getUTCSeconds ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.19</span> Date.prototype.getUTCSeconds ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setdate" title="Date.prototype.setDate ( date )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.20</span> Date.prototype.setDate ( <var>date</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setfullyear" title="Date.prototype.setFullYear ( year [ , month [ , date ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.21</span> Date.prototype.setFullYear ( <var>year</var> [ , <var>month</var> [ , <var>date</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.sethours" title="Date.prototype.setHours ( hour [ , min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.22</span> Date.prototype.setHours ( <var>hour</var> [ , <var>min</var> [ , <var>sec</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setmilliseconds" title="Date.prototype.setMilliseconds ( ms )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.23</span> Date.prototype.setMilliseconds ( <var>ms</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setminutes" title="Date.prototype.setMinutes ( min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.24</span> Date.prototype.setMinutes ( <var>min</var> [ , <var>sec</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setmonth" title="Date.prototype.setMonth ( month [ , date ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.25</span> Date.prototype.setMonth ( <var>month</var> [ , <var>date</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setseconds" title="Date.prototype.setSeconds ( sec [ , ms ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.26</span> Date.prototype.setSeconds ( <var>sec</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.settime" title="Date.prototype.setTime ( time )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.27</span> Date.prototype.setTime ( <var>time</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutcdate" title="Date.prototype.setUTCDate ( date )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.28</span> Date.prototype.setUTCDate ( <var>date</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutcfullyear" title="Date.prototype.setUTCFullYear ( year [ , month [ , date ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.29</span> Date.prototype.setUTCFullYear ( <var>year</var> [ , <var>month</var> [ , <var>date</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutchours" title="Date.prototype.setUTCHours ( hour [ , min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.30</span> Date.prototype.setUTCHours ( <var>hour</var> [ , <var>min</var> [ , <var>sec</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutcmilliseconds" title="Date.prototype.setUTCMilliseconds ( ms )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.31</span> Date.prototype.setUTCMilliseconds ( <var>ms</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutcminutes" title="Date.prototype.setUTCMinutes ( min [ , sec [ , ms ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.32</span> Date.prototype.setUTCMinutes ( <var>min</var> [ , <var>sec</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutcmonth" title="Date.prototype.setUTCMonth ( month [ , date ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.33</span> Date.prototype.setUTCMonth ( <var>month</var> [ , <var>date</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.setutcseconds" title="Date.prototype.setUTCSeconds ( sec [ , ms ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.34</span> Date.prototype.setUTCSeconds ( <var>sec</var> [ , <var>ms</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.todatestring" title="Date.prototype.toDateString ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.35</span> Date.prototype.toDateString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.toisostring" title="Date.prototype.toISOString ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.36</span> Date.prototype.toISOString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.tojson" title="Date.prototype.toJSON ( key )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.37</span> Date.prototype.toJSON ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.tolocaledatestring" title="Date.prototype.toLocaleDateString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.38</span> Date.prototype.toLocaleDateString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.tolocalestring" title="Date.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.39</span> Date.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.tolocaletimestring" title="Date.prototype.toLocaleTimeString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.40</span> Date.prototype.toLocaleTimeString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.tostring" title="Date.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.41</span> Date.prototype.toString ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-timestring" title="TimeString ( tv )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.41.1</span> TimeString ( <var>tv</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-datestring" title="DateString ( tv )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.41.2</span> DateString ( <var>tv</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-timezoneestring" title="TimeZoneString ( tv )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.41.3</span> TimeZoneString ( <var>tv</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-todatestring" title="ToDateString ( tv )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.41.4</span> ToDateString ( <var>tv</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.totimestring" title="Date.prototype.toTimeString ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.42</span> Date.prototype.toTimeString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.toutcstring" title="Date.prototype.toUTCString ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.43</span> Date.prototype.toUTCString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype.valueof" title="Date.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.44</span> Date.prototype.valueOf ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-date.prototype-%symbol.toprimitive%" title="Date.prototype [ %Symbol.toPrimitive% ] ( hint )"><span class="secnum">21.4.4.45</span> Date.prototype [ %Symbol.toPrimitive% ] ( <var>hint</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="numbers-and-dates.html#sec-properties-of-date-instances" title="Properties of Date Instances"><span class="secnum">21.4.5</span> Properties of Date Instances</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-text-processing" title="Text Processing"><span class="secnum">22</span> Text Processing</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string-objects" title="String Objects"><span class="secnum">22.1</span> String Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string-constructor" title="The String Constructor"><span class="secnum">22.1.1</span> The String Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string-constructor-string-value" title="String ( value )"><span class="secnum">22.1.1.1</span> String ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-the-string-constructor" title="Properties of the String Constructor"><span class="secnum">22.1.2</span> Properties of the String Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.fromcharcode" title="String.fromCharCode ( ...codeUnits )"><span class="secnum">22.1.2.1</span> String.fromCharCode ( ...<var>codeUnits</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.fromcodepoint" title="String.fromCodePoint ( ...codePoints )"><span class="secnum">22.1.2.2</span> String.fromCodePoint ( ...<var>codePoints</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype" title="String.prototype"><span class="secnum">22.1.2.3</span> String.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.raw" title="String.raw ( template, ...substitutions )"><span class="secnum">22.1.2.4</span> String.raw ( <var>template</var>, ...<var>substitutions</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-the-string-prototype-object" title="Properties of the String Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">22.1.3</span> Properties of the String Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.at" title="String.prototype.at ( index )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.1</span> String.prototype.at ( <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.charat" title="String.prototype.charAt ( pos )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.2</span> String.prototype.charAt ( <var>pos</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.charcodeat" title="String.prototype.charCodeAt ( pos )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.3</span> String.prototype.charCodeAt ( <var>pos</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.codepointat" title="String.prototype.codePointAt ( pos )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.4</span> String.prototype.codePointAt ( <var>pos</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.concat" title="String.prototype.concat ( ...args )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.5</span> String.prototype.concat ( ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.constructor" title="String.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.6</span> String.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.endswith" title="String.prototype.endsWith ( searchString [ , endPosition ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.7</span> String.prototype.endsWith ( <var>searchString</var> [ , <var>endPosition</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.includes" title="String.prototype.includes ( searchString [ , position ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.8</span> String.prototype.includes ( <var>searchString</var> [ , <var>position</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.indexof" title="String.prototype.indexOf ( searchString [ , position ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.9</span> String.prototype.indexOf ( <var>searchString</var> [ , <var>position</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.iswellformed" title="String.prototype.isWellFormed ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.10</span> String.prototype.isWellFormed ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.lastindexof" title="String.prototype.lastIndexOf ( searchString [ , position ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.11</span> String.prototype.lastIndexOf ( <var>searchString</var> [ , <var>position</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.localecompare" title="String.prototype.localeCompare ( that [ , reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.12</span> String.prototype.localeCompare ( <var>that</var> [ , <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.match" title="String.prototype.match ( regexp )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.13</span> String.prototype.match ( <var>regexp</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.matchall" title="String.prototype.matchAll ( regexp )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.14</span> String.prototype.matchAll ( <var>regexp</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.normalize" title="String.prototype.normalize ( [ form ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.15</span> String.prototype.normalize ( [ <var>form</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.padend" title="String.prototype.padEnd ( maxLength [ , fillString ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.16</span> String.prototype.padEnd ( <var>maxLength</var> [ , <var>fillString</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.padstart" title="String.prototype.padStart ( maxLength [ , fillString ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.17</span> String.prototype.padStart ( <var>maxLength</var> [ , <var>fillString</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-stringpaddingbuiltinsimpl" title="StringPaddingBuiltinsImpl ( O, maxLength, fillString, placement )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.17.1</span> StringPaddingBuiltinsImpl ( <var>O</var>, <var>maxLength</var>, <var>fillString</var>, <var>placement</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-stringpad" title="StringPad ( S, maxLength, fillString, placement )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.17.2</span> StringPad ( <var>S</var>, <var>maxLength</var>, <var>fillString</var>, <var>placement</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-tozeropaddeddecimalstring" title="ToZeroPaddedDecimalString ( n, minLength )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.17.3</span> ToZeroPaddedDecimalString ( <var>n</var>, <var>minLength</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.repeat" title="String.prototype.repeat ( count )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.18</span> String.prototype.repeat ( <var>count</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.replace" title="String.prototype.replace ( searchValue, replaceValue )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.19</span> String.prototype.replace ( <var>searchValue</var>, <var>replaceValue</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-getsubstitution" title="GetSubstitution ( matched, str, position, captures, namedCaptures, replacementTemplate )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.19.1</span> GetSubstitution ( <var>matched</var>, <var>str</var>, <var>position</var>, <var>captures</var>, <var>namedCaptures</var>, <var>replacementTemplate</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.replaceall" title="String.prototype.replaceAll ( searchValue, replaceValue )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.20</span> String.prototype.replaceAll ( <var>searchValue</var>, <var>replaceValue</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.search" title="String.prototype.search ( regexp )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.21</span> String.prototype.search ( <var>regexp</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.slice" title="String.prototype.slice ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.22</span> String.prototype.slice ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.split" title="String.prototype.split ( separator, limit )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.23</span> String.prototype.split ( <var>separator</var>, <var>limit</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.startswith" title="String.prototype.startsWith ( searchString [ , position ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.24</span> String.prototype.startsWith ( <var>searchString</var> [ , <var>position</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.substring" title="String.prototype.substring ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.25</span> String.prototype.substring ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.tolocalelowercase" title="String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.26</span> String.prototype.toLocaleLowerCase ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.tolocaleuppercase" title="String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.27</span> String.prototype.toLocaleUpperCase ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.tolowercase" title="String.prototype.toLowerCase ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.28</span> String.prototype.toLowerCase ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.tostring" title="String.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.29</span> String.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.touppercase" title="String.prototype.toUpperCase ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.30</span> String.prototype.toUpperCase ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.towellformed" title="String.prototype.toWellFormed ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.31</span> String.prototype.toWellFormed ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.trim" title="String.prototype.trim ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.32</span> String.prototype.trim ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-trimstring" title="TrimString ( string, where )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.32.1</span> TrimString ( <var>string</var>, <var>where</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.trimend" title="String.prototype.trimEnd ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.33</span> String.prototype.trimEnd ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.trimstart" title="String.prototype.trimStart ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.34</span> String.prototype.trimStart ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype.valueof" title="String.prototype.valueOf ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.35</span> String.prototype.valueOf ( )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-thisstringvalue" title="ThisStringValue ( value )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.35.1</span> ThisStringValue ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string.prototype-%symbol.iterator%" title="String.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.3.36</span> String.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-string-instances" title="Properties of String Instances"><span class="secnum">22.1.4</span> Properties of String Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-string-instances-length" title="length"><span class="secnum">22.1.4.1</span> length</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-string-iterator-objects" title="String Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">22.1.5</span> String Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-%stringiteratorprototype%-object" title="The %StringIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">22.1.5.1</span> The %StringIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-%stringiteratorprototype%.next" title="%StringIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">22.1.5.1.1</span> %StringIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-%stringiteratorprototype%-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%StringIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">22.1.5.1.2</span> %StringIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp-regular-expression-objects" title="RegExp (Regular Expression) Objects"><span class="secnum">22.2</span> RegExp (Regular Expression) Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-patterns" title="Patterns"><span class="secnum">22.2.1</span> Patterns</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-early-errors" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-countleftcapturingparenswithin" title="Static Semantics: CountLeftCapturingParensWithin ( node )"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.2</span> SS: CountLeftCapturingParensWithin ( <var>node</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-countleftcapturingparensbefore" title="Static Semantics: CountLeftCapturingParensBefore ( node )"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.3</span> SS: CountLeftCapturingParensBefore ( <var>node</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-mightbothparticipate" title="Static Semantics: MightBothParticipate ( x, y )"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.4</span> SS: MightBothParticipate ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-capturing-group-number" title="Static Semantics: CapturingGroupNumber"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.5</span> SS: CapturingGroupNumber</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-is-character-class" title="Static Semantics: IsCharacterClass"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.6</span> SS: IsCharacterClass</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-character-value" title="Static Semantics: CharacterValue"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.7</span> SS: CharacterValue</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-static-semantics-maycontainstrings" title="Static Semantics: MayContainStrings"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.8</span> SS: MayContainStrings</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-groupspecifiersthatmatch" title="Static Semantics: GroupSpecifiersThatMatch ( thisGroupName )"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.9</span> SS: GroupSpecifiersThatMatch ( <var>thisGroupName</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-static-semantics-capturinggroupname" title="Static Semantics: CapturingGroupName"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.10</span> SS: CapturingGroupName</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpidentifiercodepoints" title="Static Semantics: RegExpIdentifierCodePoints"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.11</span> SS: RegExpIdentifierCodePoints</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpidentifiercodepoint" title="Static Semantics: RegExpIdentifierCodePoint"><span class="secnum">22.2.1.12</span> SS: RegExpIdentifierCodePoint</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-pattern-semantics" title="Pattern Semantics"><span class="secnum">22.2.2</span> Pattern Semantics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-pattern-notation" title="Notation"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.1</span> Notation</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp-records" title="RegExp Records"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.1.1</span> RegExp Records</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compilepattern" title="Runtime Semantics: CompilePattern"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.2</span> RS: CompilePattern</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compilesubpattern" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileSubpattern"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.3</span> RS: CompileSubpattern</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-repeatmatcher-abstract-operation" title="RepeatMatcher ( m, min, max, greedy, x, c, parenIndex, parenCount )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.3.1</span> RepeatMatcher ( <var>m</var>, <var>min</var>, <var>max</var>, <var>greedy</var>, <var>x</var>, <var>c</var>, <var>parenIndex</var>, <var>parenCount</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-emptymatcher" title="EmptyMatcher ( )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.3.2</span> EmptyMatcher ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-matchtwoalternatives" title="MatchTwoAlternatives ( m1, m2 )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.3.3</span> MatchTwoAlternatives ( <var>m1</var>, <var>m2</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-matchsequence" title="MatchSequence ( m1, m2, direction )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.3.4</span> MatchSequence ( <var>m1</var>, <var>m2</var>, <var>direction</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compileassertion" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileAssertion"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.4</span> RS: CompileAssertion</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-iswordchar-abstract-operation" title="IsWordChar ( rer, Input, e )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.4.1</span> IsWordChar ( <var>rer</var>, <var>Input</var>, <var>e</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compilequantifier" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileQuantifier"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.5</span> RS: CompileQuantifier</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compilequantifierprefix" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileQuantifierPrefix"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.6</span> RS: CompileQuantifierPrefix</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compileatom" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileAtom"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.7</span> RS: CompileAtom</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-charactersetmatcher-abstract-operation" title="CharacterSetMatcher ( rer, A, invert, direction )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.7.1</span> CharacterSetMatcher ( <var>rer</var>, <var>A</var>, <var>invert</var>, <var>direction</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-backreference-matcher" title="BackreferenceMatcher ( rer, ns, direction )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.7.2</span> BackreferenceMatcher ( <var>rer</var>, <var>ns</var>, <var>direction</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-canonicalize-ch" title="Canonicalize ( rer, ch )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.7.3</span> Canonicalize ( <var>rer</var>, <var>ch</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-updatemodifiers" title="UpdateModifiers ( rer, add, remove )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.7.4</span> UpdateModifiers ( <var>rer</var>, <var>add</var>, <var>remove</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compilecharacterclass" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileCharacterClass"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.8</span> RS: CompileCharacterClass</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compiletocharset" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileToCharSet"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9</span> RS: CompileToCharSet</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-characterrange-abstract-operation" title="CharacterRange ( A, B )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.1</span> CharacterRange ( <var>A</var>, <var>B</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-haseitherunicodeflag-abstract-operation" title="HasEitherUnicodeFlag ( rer )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.2</span> HasEitherUnicodeFlag ( <var>rer</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-wordcharacters" title="WordCharacters ( rer )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.3</span> WordCharacters ( <var>rer</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-allcharacters" title="AllCharacters ( rer )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.4</span> AllCharacters ( <var>rer</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-maybesimplecasefolding" title="MaybeSimpleCaseFolding ( rer, A )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.5</span> MaybeSimpleCaseFolding ( <var>rer</var>, <var>A</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-charactercomplement" title="CharacterComplement ( rer, S )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.6</span> CharacterComplement ( <var>rer</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-unicodematchproperty-p" title="UnicodeMatchProperty ( rer, p )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.7</span> UnicodeMatchProperty ( <var>rer</var>, <var>p</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-runtime-semantics-unicodematchpropertyvalue-p-v" title="UnicodeMatchPropertyValue ( p, v )"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.9.8</span> UnicodeMatchPropertyValue ( <var>p</var>, <var>v</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-compileclasssetstring" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileClassSetString"><span class="secnum">22.2.2.10</span> RS: CompileClassSetString</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-regexp-creation" title="Abstract Operations for RegExp Creation"><span class="secnum">22.2.3</span> Abstract Operations for RegExp Creation</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpcreate" title="RegExpCreate ( P, F )"><span class="secnum">22.2.3.1</span> RegExpCreate ( <var>P</var>, <var>F</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpalloc" title="RegExpAlloc ( newTarget )"><span class="secnum">22.2.3.2</span> RegExpAlloc ( <var>newTarget</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpinitialize" title="RegExpInitialize ( obj, pattern, flags )"><span class="secnum">22.2.3.3</span> RegExpInitialize ( <var>obj</var>, <var>pattern</var>, <var>flags</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-parsepattern" title="Static Semantics: ParsePattern ( patternText, u, v )"><span class="secnum">22.2.3.4</span> SS: ParsePattern ( <var>patternText</var>, <var>u</var>, <var>v</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp-constructor" title="The RegExp Constructor"><span class="secnum">22.2.4</span> The RegExp Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp-pattern-flags" title="RegExp ( pattern, flags )"><span class="secnum">22.2.4.1</span> RegExp ( <var>pattern</var>, <var>flags</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-the-regexp-constructor" title="Properties of the RegExp Constructor"><span class="secnum">22.2.5</span> Properties of the RegExp Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.escape" title="RegExp.escape ( S )"><span class="secnum">22.2.5.1</span> RegExp.escape ( <var>S</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-encodeforregexpescape" title="EncodeForRegExpEscape ( cp )"><span class="secnum">22.2.5.1.1</span> EncodeForRegExpEscape ( <var>cp</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype" title="RegExp.prototype"><span class="secnum">22.2.5.2</span> RegExp.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp-%symbol.species%" title="get RegExp [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">22.2.5.3</span> get RegExp [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-the-regexp-prototype-object" title="Properties of the RegExp Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">22.2.6</span> Properties of the RegExp Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype.constructor" title="RegExp.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.1</span> RegExp.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype.exec" title="RegExp.prototype.exec ( string )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.2</span> RegExp.prototype.exec ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.dotAll" title="get RegExp.prototype.dotAll"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.3</span> get RegExp.prototype.dotAll</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.flags" title="get RegExp.prototype.flags"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.4</span> get RegExp.prototype.flags</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexphasflag" title="RegExpHasFlag ( R, codeUnit )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.4.1</span> RegExpHasFlag ( <var>R</var>, <var>codeUnit</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.global" title="get RegExp.prototype.global"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.5</span> get RegExp.prototype.global</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.hasIndices" title="get RegExp.prototype.hasIndices"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.6</span> get RegExp.prototype.hasIndices</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.ignorecase" title="get RegExp.prototype.ignoreCase"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.7</span> get RegExp.prototype.ignoreCase</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype-%symbol.match%" title="RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.match% ] ( string )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.8</span> RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.match% ] ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp-prototype-%symbol.matchall%" title="RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.matchAll% ] ( string )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.9</span> RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.matchAll% ] ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.multiline" title="get RegExp.prototype.multiline"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.10</span> get RegExp.prototype.multiline</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype-%symbol.replace%" title="RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.replace% ] ( string, replaceValue )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.11</span> RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.replace% ] ( <var>string</var>, <var>replaceValue</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype-%symbol.search%" title="RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.search% ] ( string )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.12</span> RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.search% ] ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.source" title="get RegExp.prototype.source"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.13</span> get RegExp.prototype.source</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-escaperegexppattern" title="EscapeRegExpPattern ( P, F )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.13.1</span> EscapeRegExpPattern ( <var>P</var>, <var>F</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype-%symbol.split%" title="RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.split% ] ( string, limit )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.14</span> RegExp.prototype [ %Symbol.split% ] ( <var>string</var>, <var>limit</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.sticky" title="get RegExp.prototype.sticky"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.15</span> get RegExp.prototype.sticky</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype.test" title="RegExp.prototype.test ( S )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.16</span> RegExp.prototype.test ( <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp.prototype.tostring" title="RegExp.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.17</span> RegExp.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.unicode" title="get RegExp.prototype.unicode"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.18</span> get RegExp.prototype.unicode</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-get-regexp.prototype.unicodesets" title="get RegExp.prototype.unicodeSets"><span class="secnum">22.2.6.19</span> get RegExp.prototype.unicodeSets</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-regexp-matching" title="Abstract Operations for RegExp Matching"><span class="secnum">22.2.7</span> Abstract Operations for RegExp Matching</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpexec" title="RegExpExec ( R, S )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.1</span> RegExpExec ( <var>R</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexpbuiltinexec" title="RegExpBuiltinExec ( R, S )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.2</span> RegExpBuiltinExec ( <var>R</var>, <var>S</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-advancestringindex" title="AdvanceStringIndex ( S, index, unicode )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.3</span> AdvanceStringIndex ( <var>S</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>unicode</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-getstringindex" title="GetStringIndex ( S, codePointIndex )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.4</span> GetStringIndex ( <var>S</var>, <var>codePointIndex</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-match-records" title="Match Records"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.5</span> Match Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-getmatchstring" title="GetMatchString ( S, match )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.6</span> GetMatchString ( <var>S</var>, <var>match</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-getmatchindexpair" title="GetMatchIndexPair ( S, match )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.7</span> GetMatchIndexPair ( <var>S</var>, <var>match</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-makematchindicesindexpairarray" title="MakeMatchIndicesIndexPairArray ( S, indices, groupNames, hasGroups )"><span class="secnum">22.2.7.8</span> MakeMatchIndicesIndexPairArray ( <var>S</var>, <var>indices</var>, <var>groupNames</var>, <var>hasGroups</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-regexp-instances" title="Properties of RegExp Instances"><span class="secnum">22.2.8</span> Properties of RegExp Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-lastindex" title="lastIndex"><span class="secnum">22.2.8.1</span> lastIndex</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-regexp-string-iterator-objects" title="RegExp String Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">22.2.9</span> RegExp String Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-createregexpstringiterator" title="CreateRegExpStringIterator ( R, S, global, fullUnicode )"><span class="secnum">22.2.9.1</span> CreateRegExpStringIterator ( <var>R</var>, <var>S</var>, <var>global</var>, <var>fullUnicode</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-%regexpstringiteratorprototype%-object" title="The %RegExpStringIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">22.2.9.2</span> The %RegExpStringIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-%regexpstringiteratorprototype%.next" title="%RegExpStringIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">22.2.9.2.1</span> %RegExpStringIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-%regexpstringiteratorprototype%-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%RegExpStringIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">22.2.9.2.2</span> %RegExpStringIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="text-processing.html#sec-properties-of-regexp-string-iterator-instances" title="Properties of RegExp String Iterator Instances"><span class="secnum">22.2.9.3</span> Properties of RegExp String Iterator Instances</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-indexed-collections" title="Indexed Collections"><span class="secnum">23</span> Indexed Collections</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array-objects" title="Array Objects"><span class="secnum">23.1</span> Array Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array-constructor" title="The Array Constructor"><span class="secnum">23.1.1</span> The Array Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array" title="Array ( ...values )"><span class="secnum">23.1.1.1</span> Array ( ...<var>values</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-array-constructor" title="Properties of the Array Constructor"><span class="secnum">23.1.2</span> Properties of the Array Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.from" title="Array.from ( items [ , mapper [ , thisArg ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.2.1</span> Array.from ( <var>items</var> [ , <var>mapper</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.fromasync" title="Array.fromAsync ( items [ , mapper [ , thisArg ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.2.2</span> Array.fromAsync ( <var>items</var> [ , <var>mapper</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.isarray" title="Array.isArray ( arg )"><span class="secnum">23.1.2.3</span> Array.isArray ( <var>arg</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.of" title="Array.of ( ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.1.2.4</span> Array.of ( ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype" title="Array.prototype"><span class="secnum">23.1.2.5</span> Array.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-array-%symbol.species%" title="get Array [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">23.1.2.6</span> get Array [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-array-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Array Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">23.1.3</span> Properties of the Array Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.at" title="Array.prototype.at ( index )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.1</span> Array.prototype.at ( <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.concat" title="Array.prototype.concat ( ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.2</span> Array.prototype.concat ( ...<var>items</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-isconcatspreadable" title="IsConcatSpreadable ( O )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.2.1</span> IsConcatSpreadable ( <var>O</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.constructor" title="Array.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.3</span> Array.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.copywithin" title="Array.prototype.copyWithin ( target, start [ , end ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.4</span> Array.prototype.copyWithin ( <var>target</var>, <var>start</var> [ , <var>end</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.entries" title="Array.prototype.entries ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.5</span> Array.prototype.entries ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.every" title="Array.prototype.every ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.6</span> Array.prototype.every ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.fill" title="Array.prototype.fill ( value [ , start [ , end ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.7</span> Array.prototype.fill ( <var>value</var> [ , <var>start</var> [ , <var>end</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.filter" title="Array.prototype.filter ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.8</span> Array.prototype.filter ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.find" title="Array.prototype.find ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.9</span> Array.prototype.find ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.findindex" title="Array.prototype.findIndex ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.10</span> Array.prototype.findIndex ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.findlast" title="Array.prototype.findLast ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.11</span> Array.prototype.findLast ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.findlastindex" title="Array.prototype.findLastIndex ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.12</span> Array.prototype.findLastIndex ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-findviapredicate" title="FindViaPredicate ( O, len, direction, predicate, thisArg )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.12.1</span> FindViaPredicate ( <var>O</var>, <var>len</var>, <var>direction</var>, <var>predicate</var>, <var>thisArg</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.flat" title="Array.prototype.flat ( [ depth ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.13</span> Array.prototype.flat ( [ <var>depth</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-flattenintoarray" title="FlattenIntoArray ( target, source, sourceLen, start, depth [ , mapperFunction [ , thisArg ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.13.1</span> FlattenIntoArray ( <var>target</var>, <var>source</var>, <var>sourceLen</var>, <var>start</var>, <var>depth</var> [ , <var>mapperFunction</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.flatmap" title="Array.prototype.flatMap ( mapperFunction [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.14</span> Array.prototype.flatMap ( <var>mapperFunction</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.foreach" title="Array.prototype.forEach ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.15</span> Array.prototype.forEach ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.includes" title="Array.prototype.includes ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.16</span> Array.prototype.includes ( <var>searchElement</var> [ , <var>fromIndex</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.indexof" title="Array.prototype.indexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.17</span> Array.prototype.indexOf ( <var>searchElement</var> [ , <var>fromIndex</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.join" title="Array.prototype.join ( separator )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.18</span> Array.prototype.join ( <var>separator</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.keys" title="Array.prototype.keys ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.19</span> Array.prototype.keys ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.lastindexof" title="Array.prototype.lastIndexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.20</span> Array.prototype.lastIndexOf ( <var>searchElement</var> [ , <var>fromIndex</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.map" title="Array.prototype.map ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.21</span> Array.prototype.map ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.pop" title="Array.prototype.pop ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.22</span> Array.prototype.pop ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.push" title="Array.prototype.push ( ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.23</span> Array.prototype.push ( ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.reduce" title="Array.prototype.reduce ( callback [ , initialValue ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.24</span> Array.prototype.reduce ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>initialValue</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.reduceright" title="Array.prototype.reduceRight ( callback [ , initialValue ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.25</span> Array.prototype.reduceRight ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>initialValue</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.reverse" title="Array.prototype.reverse ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.26</span> Array.prototype.reverse ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.shift" title="Array.prototype.shift ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.27</span> Array.prototype.shift ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.slice" title="Array.prototype.slice ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.28</span> Array.prototype.slice ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.some" title="Array.prototype.some ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.29</span> Array.prototype.some ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.sort" title="Array.prototype.sort ( comparator )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.30</span> Array.prototype.sort ( <var>comparator</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-sortindexedproperties" title="SortIndexedProperties ( obj, len, SortCompare, holes )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.30.1</span> SortIndexedProperties ( <var>obj</var>, <var>len</var>, <var>SortCompare</var>, <var>holes</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-comparearrayelements" title="CompareArrayElements ( x, y, comparator )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.30.2</span> CompareArrayElements ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var>, <var>comparator</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.splice" title="Array.prototype.splice ( start, deleteCount, ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.31</span> Array.prototype.splice ( <var>start</var>, <var>deleteCount</var>, ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.tolocalestring" title="Array.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.32</span> Array.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.toreversed" title="Array.prototype.toReversed ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.33</span> Array.prototype.toReversed ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.tosorted" title="Array.prototype.toSorted ( comparator )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.34</span> Array.prototype.toSorted ( <var>comparator</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.tospliced" title="Array.prototype.toSpliced ( start, skipCount, ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.35</span> Array.prototype.toSpliced ( <var>start</var>, <var>skipCount</var>, ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.tostring" title="Array.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.36</span> Array.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.unshift" title="Array.prototype.unshift ( ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.37</span> Array.prototype.unshift ( ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.values" title="Array.prototype.values ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.38</span> Array.prototype.values ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype.with" title="Array.prototype.with ( index, value )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.39</span> Array.prototype.with ( <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype-%symbol.iterator%" title="Array.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.40</span> Array.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array.prototype-%symbol.unscopables%" title="Array.prototype [ %Symbol.unscopables% ]"><span class="secnum">23.1.3.41</span> Array.prototype [ %Symbol.unscopables% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-array-instances" title="Properties of Array Instances"><span class="secnum">23.1.4</span> Properties of Array Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-array-instances-length" title="length"><span class="secnum">23.1.4.1</span> length</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-array-iterator-objects" title="Array Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">23.1.5</span> Array Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-createarrayiterator" title="CreateArrayIterator ( array, kind )"><span class="secnum">23.1.5.1</span> CreateArrayIterator ( <var>array</var>, <var>kind</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%arrayiteratorprototype%-object" title="The %ArrayIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">23.1.5.2</span> The %ArrayIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%arrayiteratorprototype%.next" title="%ArrayIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">23.1.5.2.1</span> %ArrayIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%arrayiteratorprototype%-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%ArrayIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">23.1.5.2.2</span> %ArrayIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-array-iterator-instances" title="Properties of Array Iterator Instances"><span class="secnum">23.1.5.3</span> Properties of Array Iterator Instances</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray-objects" title="TypedArray Objects"><span class="secnum">23.2</span> TypedArray Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%-intrinsic-object" title="The %TypedArray% Intrinsic Object"><span class="secnum">23.2.1</span> The %TypedArray% Intrinsic Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%" title="%TypedArray% ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.1.1</span> %TypedArray% ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-%typedarray%-intrinsic-object" title="Properties of the %TypedArray% Intrinsic Object"><span class="secnum">23.2.2</span> Properties of the %TypedArray% Intrinsic Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.from" title="%TypedArray%.from ( source [ , mapper [ , thisArg ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.2.1</span> %TypedArray%.from ( <var>source</var> [ , <var>mapper</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.of" title="%TypedArray%.of ( ...items )"><span class="secnum">23.2.2.2</span> %TypedArray%.of ( ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype" title="%TypedArray%.prototype"><span class="secnum">23.2.2.3</span> %TypedArray%.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-%typedarray%-%symbol.species%" title="get %TypedArray% [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">23.2.2.4</span> get %TypedArray% [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-%typedarrayprototype%-object" title="Properties of the %TypedArray% Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">23.2.3</span> Properties of the %TypedArray% Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.at" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.at ( index )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.1</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.at ( <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-%typedarray%.prototype.buffer" title="get %TypedArray%.prototype.buffer"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.2</span> get %TypedArray%.prototype.buffer</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-%typedarray%.prototype.bytelength" title="get %TypedArray%.prototype.byteLength"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.3</span> get %TypedArray%.prototype.byteLength</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-%typedarray%.prototype.byteoffset" title="get %TypedArray%.prototype.byteOffset"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.4</span> get %TypedArray%.prototype.byteOffset</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.constructor" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.5</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.copywithin" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.copyWithin ( target, start [ , end ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.6</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.copyWithin ( <var>target</var>, <var>start</var> [ , <var>end</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.entries" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.entries ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.7</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.entries ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.every" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.every ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.8</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.every ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.fill" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.fill ( value [ , start [ , end ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.9</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.fill ( <var>value</var> [ , <var>start</var> [ , <var>end</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.filter" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.filter ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.10</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.filter ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.find" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.find ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.11</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.find ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.findindex" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.findIndex ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.12</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.findIndex ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.findlast" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.findLast ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.13</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.findLast ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.findlastindex" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.findLastIndex ( predicate [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.14</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.findLastIndex ( <var>predicate</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.foreach" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.forEach ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.15</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.forEach ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.includes" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.includes ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.16</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.includes ( <var>searchElement</var> [ , <var>fromIndex</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.indexof" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.indexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.17</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.indexOf ( <var>searchElement</var> [ , <var>fromIndex</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.join" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.join ( separator )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.18</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.join ( <var>separator</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.keys" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.keys ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.19</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.keys ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.lastindexof" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.lastIndexOf ( searchElement [ , fromIndex ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.20</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.lastIndexOf ( <var>searchElement</var> [ , <var>fromIndex</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-%typedarray%.prototype.length" title="get %TypedArray%.prototype.length"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.21</span> get %TypedArray%.prototype.length</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.map" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.map ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.22</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.map ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduce" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.reduce ( callback [ , initialValue ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.23</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.reduce ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>initialValue</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reduceright" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.reduceRight ( callback [ , initialValue ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.24</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.reduceRight ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>initialValue</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.reverse" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.reverse ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.25</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.reverse ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.set" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.set ( source [ , offset ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.26</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.set ( <var>source</var> [ , <var>offset</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-settypedarrayfromarraylike" title="SetTypedArrayFromArrayLike ( target, targetOffset, source )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.26.1</span> SetTypedArrayFromArrayLike ( <var>target</var>, <var>targetOffset</var>, <var>source</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-settypedarrayfromtypedarray" title="SetTypedArrayFromTypedArray ( target, targetOffset, source )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.26.2</span> SetTypedArrayFromTypedArray ( <var>target</var>, <var>targetOffset</var>, <var>source</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.slice" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.slice ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.27</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.slice ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.some" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.some ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.28</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.some ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.sort" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.sort ( comparator )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.29</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.sort ( <var>comparator</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.subarray" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.subarray ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.30</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.subarray ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tolocalestring" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ reserved1 [ , reserved2 ] ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.31</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.toLocaleString ( [ <var>reserved1</var> [ , <var>reserved2</var> ] ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.toreversed" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.toReversed ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.32</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.toReversed ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tosorted" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.toSorted ( comparator )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.33</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.toSorted ( <var>comparator</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.tostring" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.toString ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.34</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.toString ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.values" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.values ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.35</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.values ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype.with" title="%TypedArray%.prototype.with ( index, value )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.36</span> %TypedArray%.prototype.with ( <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-%typedarray%.prototype-%symbol.iterator%" title="%TypedArray%.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.37</span> %TypedArray%.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-get-%typedarray%.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="get %TypedArray%.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">23.2.3.38</span> get %TypedArray%.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-typedarray-objects" title="Abstract Operations for TypedArray Objects"><span class="secnum">23.2.4</span> Abstract Operations for TypedArray Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarraycreatefromconstructor" title="TypedArrayCreateFromConstructor ( constructor, argumentList )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.1</span> TypedArrayCreateFromConstructor ( <var>constructor</var>, <var>argumentList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray-create-same-type" title="TypedArrayCreateSameType ( exemplar, length )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.2</span> TypedArrayCreateSameType ( <var>exemplar</var>, <var>length</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#typedarray-species-create" title="TypedArraySpeciesCreate ( exemplar, argumentList )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.3</span> TypedArraySpeciesCreate ( <var>exemplar</var>, <var>argumentList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-validatetypedarray" title="ValidateTypedArray ( O, order )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.4</span> ValidateTypedArray ( <var>O</var>, <var>order</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarrayelementsize" title="TypedArrayElementSize ( O )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.5</span> TypedArrayElementSize ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarrayelementtype" title="TypedArrayElementType ( O )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.6</span> TypedArrayElementType ( <var>O</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-comparetypedarrayelements" title="CompareTypedArrayElements ( x, y, comparator )"><span class="secnum">23.2.4.7</span> CompareTypedArrayElements ( <var>x</var>, <var>y</var>, <var>comparator</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray-constructors" title="The TypedArray Constructors"><span class="secnum">23.2.5</span> The <var>TypedArray</var> Constructors</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray" title="TypedArray ( ...args )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1</span> <var>TypedArray</var> ( ...<var>args</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-allocatetypedarray" title="AllocateTypedArray ( constructorName, newTarget, defaultProto [ , length ] )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1.1</span> AllocateTypedArray ( <var>constructorName</var>, <var>newTarget</var>, <var>defaultProto</var> [ , <var>length</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-initializetypedarrayfromtypedarray" title="InitializeTypedArrayFromTypedArray ( O, srcArray )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1.2</span> InitializeTypedArrayFromTypedArray ( <var>O</var>, <var>srcArray</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-initializetypedarrayfromarraybuffer" title="InitializeTypedArrayFromArrayBuffer ( O, buffer, byteOffset, length )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1.3</span> InitializeTypedArrayFromArrayBuffer ( <var>O</var>, <var>buffer</var>, <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>length</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-initializetypedarrayfromlist" title="InitializeTypedArrayFromList ( O, values )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1.4</span> InitializeTypedArrayFromList ( <var>O</var>, <var>values</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-initializetypedarrayfromarraylike" title="InitializeTypedArrayFromArrayLike ( O, arrayLike )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1.5</span> InitializeTypedArrayFromArrayLike ( <var>O</var>, <var>arrayLike</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-allocatetypedarraybuffer" title="AllocateTypedArrayBuffer ( O, length )"><span class="secnum">23.2.5.1.6</span> AllocateTypedArrayBuffer ( <var>O</var>, <var>length</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-typedarray-constructors" title="Properties of the TypedArray Constructors"><span class="secnum">23.2.6</span> Properties of the <var>TypedArray</var> Constructors</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray.bytes_per_element" title="TypedArray.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT"><span class="secnum">23.2.6.1</span> <var>TypedArray</var>.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray.prototype" title="TypedArray.prototype"><span class="secnum">23.2.6.2</span> <var>TypedArray</var>.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-typedarray-prototype-objects" title="Properties of the TypedArray Prototype Objects"><span class="secnum">23.2.7</span> Properties of the <var>TypedArray</var> Prototype Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray.prototype.bytes_per_element" title="TypedArray.prototype.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT"><span class="secnum">23.2.7.1</span> <var>TypedArray</var>.prototype.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-typedarray.prototype.constructor" title="TypedArray.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">23.2.7.2</span> <var>TypedArray</var>.prototype.constructor</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-typedarray-instances" title="Properties of TypedArray Instances"><span class="secnum">23.2.8</span> Properties of <var>TypedArray</var> Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array" title="Uint8Array Objects"><span class="secnum">23.3</span> Uint8Array Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-additional-properties-of-the-uint8array-constructor" title="Additional Properties of the Uint8Array Constructor"><span class="secnum">23.3.1</span> Additional Properties of the Uint8Array Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array.frombase64" title="Uint8Array.fromBase64 ( string [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">23.3.1.1</span> Uint8Array.fromBase64 ( <var>string</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array.fromhex" title="Uint8Array.fromHex ( string )"><span class="secnum">23.3.1.2</span> Uint8Array.fromHex ( <var>string</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-additional-properties-of-the-uint8array-prototype-object" title="Additional Properties of the Uint8Array Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">23.3.2</span> Additional Properties of the Uint8Array Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array.prototype.setfrombase64" title="Uint8Array.prototype.setFromBase64 ( string [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">23.3.2.1</span> Uint8Array.prototype.setFromBase64 ( <var>string</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array.prototype.setfromhex" title="Uint8Array.prototype.setFromHex ( string )"><span class="secnum">23.3.2.2</span> Uint8Array.prototype.setFromHex ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array.prototype.tobase64" title="Uint8Array.prototype.toBase64 ( [ options ] )"><span class="secnum">23.3.2.3</span> Uint8Array.prototype.toBase64 ( [ <var>options</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-uint8array.prototype.tohex" title="Uint8Array.prototype.toHex ( )"><span class="secnum">23.3.2.4</span> Uint8Array.prototype.toHex ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-uint8array-objects" title="Abstract Operations for Uint8Array Objects"><span class="secnum">23.3.3</span> Abstract Operations for Uint8Array Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-validateuint8array" title="ValidateUint8Array ( ta )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.1</span> ValidateUint8Array ( <var>ta</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-getuint8arraybytes" title="GetUint8ArrayBytes ( ta )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.2</span> GetUint8ArrayBytes ( <var>ta</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-setuint8arraybytes" title="SetUint8ArrayBytes ( into, bytes )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.3</span> SetUint8ArrayBytes ( <var>into</var>, <var>bytes</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-skipasciiwhitespace" title="SkipAsciiWhitespace ( string, index )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.4</span> SkipAsciiWhitespace ( <var>string</var>, <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-decodefinalbase64chunk" title="DecodeFinalBase64Chunk ( chunk, throwOnExtraBits )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.5</span> DecodeFinalBase64Chunk ( <var>chunk</var>, <var>throwOnExtraBits</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-decodefulllengthbase64chunk" title="DecodeFullLengthBase64Chunk ( chunk )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.6</span> DecodeFullLengthBase64Chunk ( <var>chunk</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-frombase64" title="FromBase64 ( string, alphabet, lastChunkHandling [ , maxLength ] )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.7</span> FromBase64 ( <var>string</var>, <var>alphabet</var>, <var>lastChunkHandling</var> [ , <var>maxLength</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="indexed-collections.html#sec-fromhex" title="FromHex ( string [ , maxLength ] )"><span class="secnum">23.3.3.8</span> FromHex ( <var>string</var> [ , <var>maxLength</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-keyed-collections" title="Keyed Collections"><span class="secnum">24</span> Keyed Collections</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map-objects" title="Map Objects"><span class="secnum">24.1</span> Map Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map-constructor" title="The Map Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.1.1</span> The Map Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map-iterable" title="Map ( [ iterable ] )"><span class="secnum">24.1.1.1</span> Map ( [ <var>iterable</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-add-entries-from-iterable" title="AddEntriesFromIterable ( target, iterable, adder )"><span class="secnum">24.1.1.2</span> AddEntriesFromIterable ( <var>target</var>, <var>iterable</var>, <var>adder</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-map-constructor" title="Properties of the Map Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.1.2</span> Properties of the Map Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.groupby" title="Map.groupBy ( items, callback )"><span class="secnum">24.1.2.1</span> Map.groupBy ( <var>items</var>, <var>callback</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype" title="Map.prototype"><span class="secnum">24.1.2.2</span> Map.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-get-map-%symbol.species%" title="get Map [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">24.1.2.3</span> get Map [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-map-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Map Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">24.1.3</span> Properties of the Map Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.clear" title="Map.prototype.clear ( )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.1</span> Map.prototype.clear ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.constructor" title="Map.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.2</span> Map.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.delete" title="Map.prototype.delete ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.3</span> Map.prototype.delete ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.entries" title="Map.prototype.entries ( )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.4</span> Map.prototype.entries ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.foreach" title="Map.prototype.forEach ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.5</span> Map.prototype.forEach ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.get" title="Map.prototype.get ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.6</span> Map.prototype.get ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.getorinsert" title="Map.prototype.getOrInsert ( key, value )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.7</span> Map.prototype.getOrInsert ( <var>key</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.getorinsertcomputed" title="Map.prototype.getOrInsertComputed ( key, callback )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.8</span> Map.prototype.getOrInsertComputed ( <var>key</var>, <var>callback</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.has" title="Map.prototype.has ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.9</span> Map.prototype.has ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.keys" title="Map.prototype.keys ( )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.10</span> Map.prototype.keys ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.set" title="Map.prototype.set ( key, value )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.11</span> Map.prototype.set ( <var>key</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-get-map.prototype.size" title="get Map.prototype.size"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.12</span> get Map.prototype.size</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype.values" title="Map.prototype.values ( )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.13</span> Map.prototype.values ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype-%symbol.iterator%" title="Map.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.14</span> Map.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Map.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">24.1.3.15</span> Map.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-map-instances" title="Properties of Map Instances"><span class="secnum">24.1.4</span> Properties of Map Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-map-iterator-objects" title="Map Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">24.1.5</span> Map Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-createmapiterator" title="CreateMapIterator ( map, kind )"><span class="secnum">24.1.5.1</span> CreateMapIterator ( <var>map</var>, <var>kind</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-%mapiteratorprototype%-object" title="The %MapIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">24.1.5.2</span> The %MapIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-%mapiteratorprototype%.next" title="%MapIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">24.1.5.2.1</span> %MapIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-%mapiteratorprototype%-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%MapIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">24.1.5.2.2</span> %MapIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set-objects" title="Set Objects"><span class="secnum">24.2</span> Set Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-set-objects" title="Abstract Operations For Set Objects"><span class="secnum">24.2.1</span> Abstract Operations For Set Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set-records" title="Set Records"><span class="secnum">24.2.1.1</span> Set Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-getsetrecord" title="GetSetRecord ( obj )"><span class="secnum">24.2.1.2</span> GetSetRecord ( <var>obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-setdatahas" title="SetDataHas ( setData, value )"><span class="secnum">24.2.1.3</span> SetDataHas ( <var>setData</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-setdataindex" title="SetDataIndex ( setData, value )"><span class="secnum">24.2.1.4</span> SetDataIndex ( <var>setData</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-setdatasize" title="SetDataSize ( setData )"><span class="secnum">24.2.1.5</span> SetDataSize ( <var>setData</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set-constructor" title="The Set Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.2.2</span> The Set Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set-iterable" title="Set ( [ iterable ] )"><span class="secnum">24.2.2.1</span> Set ( [ <var>iterable</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-set-constructor" title="Properties of the Set Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.2.3</span> Properties of the Set Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype" title="Set.prototype"><span class="secnum">24.2.3.1</span> Set.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-get-set-%symbol.species%" title="get Set [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">24.2.3.2</span> get Set [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-set-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Set Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">24.2.4</span> Properties of the Set Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.add" title="Set.prototype.add ( value )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.1</span> Set.prototype.add ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.clear" title="Set.prototype.clear ( )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.2</span> Set.prototype.clear ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.constructor" title="Set.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.3</span> Set.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.delete" title="Set.prototype.delete ( value )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.4</span> Set.prototype.delete ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.difference" title="Set.prototype.difference ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.5</span> Set.prototype.difference ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.entries" title="Set.prototype.entries ( )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.6</span> Set.prototype.entries ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.foreach" title="Set.prototype.forEach ( callback [ , thisArg ] )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.7</span> Set.prototype.forEach ( <var>callback</var> [ , <var>thisArg</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.has" title="Set.prototype.has ( value )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.8</span> Set.prototype.has ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.intersection" title="Set.prototype.intersection ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.9</span> Set.prototype.intersection ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.isdisjointfrom" title="Set.prototype.isDisjointFrom ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.10</span> Set.prototype.isDisjointFrom ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.issubsetof" title="Set.prototype.isSubsetOf ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.11</span> Set.prototype.isSubsetOf ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.issupersetof" title="Set.prototype.isSupersetOf ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.12</span> Set.prototype.isSupersetOf ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.keys" title="Set.prototype.keys ( )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.13</span> Set.prototype.keys ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-get-set.prototype.size" title="get Set.prototype.size"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.14</span> get Set.prototype.size</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.symmetricdifference" title="Set.prototype.symmetricDifference ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.15</span> Set.prototype.symmetricDifference ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.union" title="Set.prototype.union ( other )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.16</span> Set.prototype.union ( <var>other</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype.values" title="Set.prototype.values ( )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.17</span> Set.prototype.values ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype-%symbol.iterator%" title="Set.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.18</span> Set.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Set.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">24.2.4.19</span> Set.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-set-instances" title="Properties of Set Instances"><span class="secnum">24.2.5</span> Properties of Set Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-set-iterator-objects" title="Set Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">24.2.6</span> Set Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-createsetiterator" title="CreateSetIterator ( set, kind )"><span class="secnum">24.2.6.1</span> CreateSetIterator ( <var>set</var>, <var>kind</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-%setiteratorprototype%-object" title="The %SetIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">24.2.6.2</span> The %SetIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-%setiteratorprototype%.next" title="%SetIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">24.2.6.2.1</span> %SetIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-%setiteratorprototype%-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%SetIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">24.2.6.2.2</span> %SetIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap-objects" title="WeakMap Objects"><span class="secnum">24.3</span> WeakMap Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap-constructor" title="The WeakMap Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.3.1</span> The WeakMap Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap-iterable" title="WeakMap ( [ iterable ] )"><span class="secnum">24.3.1.1</span> WeakMap ( [ <var>iterable</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-weakmap-constructor" title="Properties of the WeakMap Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.3.2</span> Properties of the WeakMap Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype" title="WeakMap.prototype"><span class="secnum">24.3.2.1</span> WeakMap.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-weakmap-prototype-object" title="Properties of the WeakMap Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">24.3.3</span> Properties of the WeakMap Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.constructor" title="WeakMap.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.1</span> WeakMap.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.delete" title="WeakMap.prototype.delete ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.2</span> WeakMap.prototype.delete ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.get" title="WeakMap.prototype.get ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.3</span> WeakMap.prototype.get ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.getorinsert" title="WeakMap.prototype.getOrInsert ( key, value )"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.4</span> WeakMap.prototype.getOrInsert ( <var>key</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.getorinsertcomputed" title="WeakMap.prototype.getOrInsertComputed ( key, callback )"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.5</span> WeakMap.prototype.getOrInsertComputed ( <var>key</var>, <var>callback</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.has" title="WeakMap.prototype.has ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.6</span> WeakMap.prototype.has ( <var>key</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype.set" title="WeakMap.prototype.set ( key, value )"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.7</span> WeakMap.prototype.set ( <var>key</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakmap.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="WeakMap.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">24.3.3.8</span> WeakMap.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-weakmap-instances" title="Properties of WeakMap Instances"><span class="secnum">24.3.4</span> Properties of WeakMap Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset-objects" title="WeakSet Objects"><span class="secnum">24.4</span> WeakSet Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset-constructor" title="The WeakSet Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.4.1</span> The WeakSet Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset-iterable" title="WeakSet ( [ iterable ] )"><span class="secnum">24.4.1.1</span> WeakSet ( [ <var>iterable</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-weakset-constructor" title="Properties of the WeakSet Constructor"><span class="secnum">24.4.2</span> Properties of the WeakSet Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset.prototype" title="WeakSet.prototype"><span class="secnum">24.4.2.1</span> WeakSet.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-the-weakset-prototype-object" title="Properties of the WeakSet Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">24.4.3</span> Properties of the WeakSet Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset.prototype.add" title="WeakSet.prototype.add ( value )"><span class="secnum">24.4.3.1</span> WeakSet.prototype.add ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset.prototype.constructor" title="WeakSet.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">24.4.3.2</span> WeakSet.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset.prototype.delete" title="WeakSet.prototype.delete ( value )"><span class="secnum">24.4.3.3</span> WeakSet.prototype.delete ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset.prototype.has" title="WeakSet.prototype.has ( value )"><span class="secnum">24.4.3.4</span> WeakSet.prototype.has ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-weakset.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="WeakSet.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">24.4.3.5</span> WeakSet.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-properties-of-weakset-instances" title="Properties of WeakSet Instances"><span class="secnum">24.4.4</span> Properties of WeakSet Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-keyed-collections" title="Abstract Operations for Keyed Collections"><span class="secnum">24.5</span> Abstract Operations for Keyed Collections</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="keyed-collections.html#sec-canonicalizekeyedcollectionkey" title="CanonicalizeKeyedCollectionKey ( key )"><span class="secnum">24.5.1</span> CanonicalizeKeyedCollectionKey ( <var>key</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-structured-data" title="Structured Data"><span class="secnum">25</span> Structured Data</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer-objects" title="ArrayBuffer Objects"><span class="secnum">25.1</span> ArrayBuffer Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer-notation" title="Notation"><span class="secnum">25.1.1</span> Notation</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-fixed-length-and-resizable-arraybuffer-objects" title="Fixed-length and Resizable ArrayBuffer Objects"><span class="secnum">25.1.2</span> Fixed-length and Resizable ArrayBuffer Objects</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-arraybuffer-objects" title="Abstract Operations For ArrayBuffer Objects"><span class="secnum">25.1.3</span> Abstract Operations For ArrayBuffer Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-allocatearraybuffer" title="AllocateArrayBuffer ( constructor, byteLength [ , maxByteLength ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.1</span> AllocateArrayBuffer ( <var>constructor</var>, <var>byteLength</var> [ , <var>maxByteLength</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybufferbytelength" title="ArrayBufferByteLength ( arrayBuffer, order )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.2</span> ArrayBufferByteLength ( <var>arrayBuffer</var>, <var>order</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffercopyanddetach" title="ArrayBufferCopyAndDetach ( arrayBuffer, newLength, preserveResizability )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.3</span> ArrayBufferCopyAndDetach ( <var>arrayBuffer</var>, <var>newLength</var>, <var>preserveResizability</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isdetachedbuffer" title="IsDetachedBuffer ( arrayBuffer )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.4</span> IsDetachedBuffer ( <var>arrayBuffer</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-detacharraybuffer" title="DetachArrayBuffer ( arrayBuffer [ , key ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.5</span> DetachArrayBuffer ( <var>arrayBuffer</var> [ , <var>key</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-clonearraybuffer" title="CloneArrayBuffer ( srcBuffer, srcByteOffset, srcLength )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.6</span> CloneArrayBuffer ( <var>srcBuffer</var>, <var>srcByteOffset</var>, <var>srcLength</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getarraybuffermaxbytelengthoption" title="GetArrayBufferMaxByteLengthOption ( options )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.7</span> GetArrayBufferMaxByteLengthOption ( <var>options</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-hostresizearraybuffer" title="HostResizeArrayBuffer ( buffer, newByteLength )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.8</span> HostResizeArrayBuffer ( <var>buffer</var>, <var>newByteLength</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isfixedlengtharraybuffer" title="IsFixedLengthArrayBuffer ( arrayBuffer )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.9</span> IsFixedLengthArrayBuffer ( <var>arrayBuffer</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isunsignedelementtype" title="IsUnsignedElementType ( type )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.10</span> IsUnsignedElementType ( <var>type</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isunclampedintegerelementtype" title="IsUnclampedIntegerElementType ( type )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.11</span> IsUnclampedIntegerElementType ( <var>type</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isbigintelementtype" title="IsBigIntElementType ( type )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.12</span> IsBigIntElementType ( <var>type</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isnotearconfiguration" title="IsNoTearConfiguration ( type, order )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.13</span> IsNoTearConfiguration ( <var>type</var>, <var>order</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-rawbytestonumeric" title="RawBytesToNumeric ( type, rawBytes, isLittleEndian )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.14</span> RawBytesToNumeric ( <var>type</var>, <var>rawBytes</var>, <var>isLittleEndian</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getrawbytesfromsharedblock" title="GetRawBytesFromSharedBlock ( block, byteIndex, type, isTypedArray, order )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.15</span> GetRawBytesFromSharedBlock ( <var>block</var>, <var>byteIndex</var>, <var>type</var>, <var>isTypedArray</var>, <var>order</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getvaluefrombuffer" title="GetValueFromBuffer ( arrayBuffer, byteIndex, type, isTypedArray, order [ , isLittleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.16</span> GetValueFromBuffer ( <var>arrayBuffer</var>, <var>byteIndex</var>, <var>type</var>, <var>isTypedArray</var>, <var>order</var> [ , <var>isLittleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-numerictorawbytes" title="NumericToRawBytes ( type, value, isLittleEndian )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.17</span> NumericToRawBytes ( <var>type</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>isLittleEndian</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-setvalueinbuffer" title="SetValueInBuffer ( arrayBuffer, byteIndex, type, value, isTypedArray, order [ , isLittleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.18</span> SetValueInBuffer ( <var>arrayBuffer</var>, <var>byteIndex</var>, <var>type</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>isTypedArray</var>, <var>order</var> [ , <var>isLittleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getmodifysetvalueinbuffer" title="GetModifySetValueInBuffer ( arrayBuffer, byteIndex, type, value, op )"><span class="secnum">25.1.3.19</span> GetModifySetValueInBuffer ( <var>arrayBuffer</var>, <var>byteIndex</var>, <var>type</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>op</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer-constructor" title="The ArrayBuffer Constructor"><span class="secnum">25.1.4</span> The ArrayBuffer Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer-length" title="ArrayBuffer ( length [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.4.1</span> ArrayBuffer ( <var>length</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-arraybuffer-constructor" title="Properties of the ArrayBuffer Constructor"><span class="secnum">25.1.5</span> Properties of the ArrayBuffer Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.isview" title="ArrayBuffer.isView ( arg )"><span class="secnum">25.1.5.1</span> ArrayBuffer.isView ( <var>arg</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype"><span class="secnum">25.1.5.2</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-arraybuffer-%symbol.species%" title="get ArrayBuffer [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">25.1.5.3</span> get ArrayBuffer [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-arraybuffer-prototype-object" title="Properties of the ArrayBuffer Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">25.1.6</span> Properties of the ArrayBuffer Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-arraybuffer.prototype.bytelength" title="get ArrayBuffer.prototype.byteLength"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.1</span> get ArrayBuffer.prototype.byteLength</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.constructor" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.2</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-arraybuffer.prototype.detached" title="get ArrayBuffer.prototype.detached"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.3</span> get ArrayBuffer.prototype.detached</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-arraybuffer.prototype.maxbytelength" title="get ArrayBuffer.prototype.maxByteLength"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.4</span> get ArrayBuffer.prototype.maxByteLength</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-arraybuffer.prototype.resizable" title="get ArrayBuffer.prototype.resizable"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.5</span> get ArrayBuffer.prototype.resizable</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.resize" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype.resize ( newLength )"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.6</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype.resize ( <var>newLength</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.slice" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype.slice ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.7</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype.slice ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.transfer" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype.transfer ( [ newLength ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.8</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype.transfer ( [ <var>newLength</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype.transfertofixedlength" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype.transferToFixedLength ( [ newLength ] )"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.9</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype.transferToFixedLength ( [ <var>newLength</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="ArrayBuffer.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">25.1.6.10</span> ArrayBuffer.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-arraybuffer-instances" title="Properties of ArrayBuffer Instances"><span class="secnum">25.1.7</span> Properties of ArrayBuffer Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-resizable-arraybuffer-guidelines" title="Resizable ArrayBuffer Guidelines"><span class="secnum">25.1.8</span> Resizable ArrayBuffer Guidelines</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer-objects" title="SharedArrayBuffer Objects"><span class="secnum">25.2</span> SharedArrayBuffer Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-fixed-length-and-growable-sharedarraybuffer-objects" title="Fixed-length and Growable SharedArrayBuffer Objects"><span class="secnum">25.2.1</span> Fixed-length and Growable SharedArrayBuffer Objects</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-sharedarraybuffer-objects" title="Abstract Operations for SharedArrayBuffer Objects"><span class="secnum">25.2.2</span> Abstract Operations for SharedArrayBuffer Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-allocatesharedarraybuffer" title="AllocateSharedArrayBuffer ( constructor, byteLength [ , maxByteLength ] )"><span class="secnum">25.2.2.1</span> AllocateSharedArrayBuffer ( <var>constructor</var>, <var>byteLength</var> [ , <var>maxByteLength</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-issharedarraybuffer" title="IsSharedArrayBuffer ( obj )"><span class="secnum">25.2.2.2</span> IsSharedArrayBuffer ( <var>obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isgrowablesharedarraybuffer" title="IsGrowableSharedArrayBuffer ( obj )"><span class="secnum">25.2.2.3</span> IsGrowableSharedArrayBuffer ( <var>obj</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-hostgrowsharedarraybuffer" title="HostGrowSharedArrayBuffer ( buffer, newByteLength )"><span class="secnum">25.2.2.4</span> HostGrowSharedArrayBuffer ( <var>buffer</var>, <var>newByteLength</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer-constructor" title="The SharedArrayBuffer Constructor"><span class="secnum">25.2.3</span> The SharedArrayBuffer Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer-length" title="SharedArrayBuffer ( length [ , options ] )"><span class="secnum">25.2.3.1</span> SharedArrayBuffer ( <var>length</var> [ , <var>options</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-sharedarraybuffer-constructor" title="Properties of the SharedArrayBuffer Constructor"><span class="secnum">25.2.4</span> Properties of the SharedArrayBuffer Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer.prototype" title="SharedArrayBuffer.prototype"><span class="secnum">25.2.4.1</span> SharedArrayBuffer.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer-%symbol.species%" title="get SharedArrayBuffer [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">25.2.4.2</span> get SharedArrayBuffer [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-sharedarraybuffer-prototype-object" title="Properties of the SharedArrayBuffer Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">25.2.5</span> Properties of the SharedArrayBuffer Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-sharedarraybuffer.prototype.bytelength" title="get SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.byteLength"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.1</span> get SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.byteLength</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer.prototype.constructor" title="SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.2</span> SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer.prototype.grow" title="SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.grow ( newLength )"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.3</span> SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.grow ( <var>newLength</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-sharedarraybuffer.prototype.growable" title="get SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.growable"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.4</span> get SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.growable</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-sharedarraybuffer.prototype.maxbytelength" title="get SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.maxByteLength"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.5</span> get SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.maxByteLength</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer.prototype.slice" title="SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.slice ( start, end )"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.6</span> SharedArrayBuffer.prototype.slice ( <var>start</var>, <var>end</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-sharedarraybuffer.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="SharedArrayBuffer.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">25.2.5.7</span> SharedArrayBuffer.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-sharedarraybuffer-instances" title="Properties of SharedArrayBuffer Instances"><span class="secnum">25.2.6</span> Properties of SharedArrayBuffer Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-growable-sharedarraybuffer-guidelines" title="Growable SharedArrayBuffer Guidelines"><span class="secnum">25.2.7</span> Growable SharedArrayBuffer Guidelines</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview-objects" title="DataView Objects"><span class="secnum">25.3</span> DataView Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-dataview-objects" title="Abstract Operations For DataView Objects"><span class="secnum">25.3.1</span> Abstract Operations For DataView Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview-with-buffer-witness-records" title="DataView With Buffer Witness Records"><span class="secnum">25.3.1.1</span> DataView With Buffer Witness Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-makedataviewwithbufferwitnessrecord" title="MakeDataViewWithBufferWitnessRecord ( obj, order )"><span class="secnum">25.3.1.2</span> MakeDataViewWithBufferWitnessRecord ( <var>obj</var>, <var>order</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getviewbytelength" title="GetViewByteLength ( viewRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.3.1.3</span> GetViewByteLength ( <var>viewRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-isviewoutofbounds" title="IsViewOutOfBounds ( viewRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.3.1.4</span> IsViewOutOfBounds ( <var>viewRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getviewvalue" title="GetViewValue ( view, requestIndex, isLittleEndian, type )"><span class="secnum">25.3.1.5</span> GetViewValue ( <var>view</var>, <var>requestIndex</var>, <var>isLittleEndian</var>, <var>type</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-setviewvalue" title="SetViewValue ( view, requestIndex, isLittleEndian, type, value )"><span class="secnum">25.3.1.6</span> SetViewValue ( <var>view</var>, <var>requestIndex</var>, <var>isLittleEndian</var>, <var>type</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview-constructor" title="The DataView Constructor"><span class="secnum">25.3.2</span> The DataView Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview-buffer-byteoffset-bytelength" title="DataView ( buffer [ , byteOffset [ , byteLength ] ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.2.1</span> DataView ( <var>buffer</var> [ , <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>byteLength</var> ] ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-dataview-constructor" title="Properties of the DataView Constructor"><span class="secnum">25.3.3</span> Properties of the DataView Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype" title="DataView.prototype"><span class="secnum">25.3.3.1</span> DataView.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-the-dataview-prototype-object" title="Properties of the DataView Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">25.3.4</span> Properties of the DataView Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-dataview.prototype.buffer" title="get DataView.prototype.buffer"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.1</span> get DataView.prototype.buffer</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-dataview.prototype.bytelength" title="get DataView.prototype.byteLength"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.2</span> get DataView.prototype.byteLength</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-get-dataview.prototype.byteoffset" title="get DataView.prototype.byteOffset"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.3</span> get DataView.prototype.byteOffset</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.constructor" title="DataView.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.4</span> DataView.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getbigint64" title="DataView.prototype.getBigInt64 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.5</span> DataView.prototype.getBigInt64 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getbiguint64" title="DataView.prototype.getBigUint64 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.6</span> DataView.prototype.getBigUint64 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getfloat16" title="DataView.prototype.getFloat16 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.7</span> DataView.prototype.getFloat16 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getfloat32" title="DataView.prototype.getFloat32 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.8</span> DataView.prototype.getFloat32 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getfloat64" title="DataView.prototype.getFloat64 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.9</span> DataView.prototype.getFloat64 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getint8" title="DataView.prototype.getInt8 ( byteOffset )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.10</span> DataView.prototype.getInt8 ( <var>byteOffset</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getint16" title="DataView.prototype.getInt16 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.11</span> DataView.prototype.getInt16 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getint32" title="DataView.prototype.getInt32 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.12</span> DataView.prototype.getInt32 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getuint8" title="DataView.prototype.getUint8 ( byteOffset )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.13</span> DataView.prototype.getUint8 ( <var>byteOffset</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getuint16" title="DataView.prototype.getUint16 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.14</span> DataView.prototype.getUint16 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.getuint32" title="DataView.prototype.getUint32 ( byteOffset [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.15</span> DataView.prototype.getUint32 ( <var>byteOffset</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setbigint64" title="DataView.prototype.setBigInt64 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.16</span> DataView.prototype.setBigInt64 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setbiguint64" title="DataView.prototype.setBigUint64 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.17</span> DataView.prototype.setBigUint64 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setfloat16" title="DataView.prototype.setFloat16 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.18</span> DataView.prototype.setFloat16 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setfloat32" title="DataView.prototype.setFloat32 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.19</span> DataView.prototype.setFloat32 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setfloat64" title="DataView.prototype.setFloat64 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.20</span> DataView.prototype.setFloat64 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setint8" title="DataView.prototype.setInt8 ( byteOffset, value )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.21</span> DataView.prototype.setInt8 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setint16" title="DataView.prototype.setInt16 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.22</span> DataView.prototype.setInt16 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setint32" title="DataView.prototype.setInt32 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.23</span> DataView.prototype.setInt32 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setuint8" title="DataView.prototype.setUint8 ( byteOffset, value )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.24</span> DataView.prototype.setUint8 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setuint16" title="DataView.prototype.setUint16 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.25</span> DataView.prototype.setUint16 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype.setuint32" title="DataView.prototype.setUint32 ( byteOffset, value [ , littleEndian ] )"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.26</span> DataView.prototype.setUint32 ( <var>byteOffset</var>, <var>value</var> [ , <var>littleEndian</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dataview.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="DataView.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">25.3.4.27</span> DataView.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-properties-of-dataview-instances" title="Properties of DataView Instances"><span class="secnum">25.3.5</span> Properties of DataView Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics-object" title="The Atomics Object"><span class="secnum">25.4</span> The Atomics Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-waiter-record" title="Waiter Record"><span class="secnum">25.4.1</span> Waiter Record</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-waiterlist-records" title="WaiterList Records"><span class="secnum">25.4.2</span> WaiterList Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-atomics" title="Abstract Operations for Atomics"><span class="secnum">25.4.3</span> Abstract Operations for Atomics</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-validateintegertypedarray" title="ValidateIntegerTypedArray ( typedArray, waitable )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.1</span> ValidateIntegerTypedArray ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>waitable</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-validateatomicaccess" title="ValidateAtomicAccess ( taRecord, requestIndex )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.2</span> ValidateAtomicAccess ( <var>taRecord</var>, <var>requestIndex</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-validateatomicaccessonintegertypedarray" title="ValidateAtomicAccessOnIntegerTypedArray ( typedArray, requestIndex )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.3</span> ValidateAtomicAccessOnIntegerTypedArray ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>requestIndex</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-revalidateatomicaccess" title="RevalidateAtomicAccess ( typedArray, byteIndexInBuffer )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.4</span> RevalidateAtomicAccess ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>byteIndexInBuffer</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-getwaiterlist" title="GetWaiterList ( block, i )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.5</span> GetWaiterList ( <var>block</var>, <var>i</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-entercriticalsection" title="EnterCriticalSection ( WL )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.6</span> EnterCriticalSection ( <var>WL</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-leavecriticalsection" title="LeaveCriticalSection ( WL )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.7</span> LeaveCriticalSection ( <var>WL</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-addwaiter" title="AddWaiter ( WL, waiterRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.8</span> AddWaiter ( <var>WL</var>, <var>waiterRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-removewaiter" title="RemoveWaiter ( WL, waiterRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.9</span> RemoveWaiter ( <var>WL</var>, <var>waiterRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-removewaiters" title="RemoveWaiters ( WL, c )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.10</span> RemoveWaiters ( <var>WL</var>, <var>c</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-suspendthisagent" title="SuspendThisAgent ( WL, waiterRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.11</span> SuspendThisAgent ( <var>WL</var>, <var>waiterRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-notifywaiter" title="NotifyWaiter ( WL, waiterRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.12</span> NotifyWaiter ( <var>WL</var>, <var>waiterRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-enqueueresolveinagentjob" title="EnqueueResolveInAgentJob ( agentSignifier, promiseCapability, resolution )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.13</span> EnqueueResolveInAgentJob ( <var>agentSignifier</var>, <var>promiseCapability</var>, <var>resolution</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-dowait" title="DoWait ( mode, typedArray, index, value, timeout )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.14</span> DoWait ( <var>mode</var>, <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>timeout</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-enqueueatomicswaitasynctimeoutjob" title="EnqueueAtomicsWaitAsyncTimeoutJob ( WL, waiterRecord )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.15</span> EnqueueAtomicsWaitAsyncTimeoutJob ( <var>WL</var>, <var>waiterRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomiccompareexchangeinsharedblock" title="AtomicCompareExchangeInSharedBlock ( block, byteIndexInBuffer, elementSize, expectedBytes, replacementBytes )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.16</span> AtomicCompareExchangeInSharedBlock ( <var>block</var>, <var>byteIndexInBuffer</var>, <var>elementSize</var>, <var>expectedBytes</var>, <var>replacementBytes</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomicreadmodifywrite" title="AtomicReadModifyWrite ( typedArray, index, value, op )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.17</span> AtomicReadModifyWrite ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>op</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-bytelistbitwiseop" title="ByteListBitwiseOp ( op, xBytes, yBytes )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.18</span> ByteListBitwiseOp ( <var>op</var>, <var>xBytes</var>, <var>yBytes</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-bytelistequal" title="ByteListEqual ( xBytes, yBytes )"><span class="secnum">25.4.3.19</span> ByteListEqual ( <var>xBytes</var>, <var>yBytes</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.add" title="Atomics.add ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.4</span> Atomics.add ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.and" title="Atomics.and ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.5</span> Atomics.and ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.compareexchange" title="Atomics.compareExchange ( typedArray, index, expectedValue, replacementValue )"><span class="secnum">25.4.6</span> Atomics.compareExchange ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>expectedValue</var>, <var>replacementValue</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.exchange" title="Atomics.exchange ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.7</span> Atomics.exchange ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.islockfree" title="Atomics.isLockFree ( size )"><span class="secnum">25.4.8</span> Atomics.isLockFree ( <var>size</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.load" title="Atomics.load ( typedArray, index )"><span class="secnum">25.4.9</span> Atomics.load ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.or" title="Atomics.or ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.10</span> Atomics.or ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.store" title="Atomics.store ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.11</span> Atomics.store ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.sub" title="Atomics.sub ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.12</span> Atomics.sub ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.wait" title="Atomics.wait ( typedArray, index, value, timeout )"><span class="secnum">25.4.13</span> Atomics.wait ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>timeout</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.waitasync" title="Atomics.waitAsync ( typedArray, index, value, timeout )"><span class="secnum">25.4.14</span> Atomics.waitAsync ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>timeout</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.notify" title="Atomics.notify ( typedArray, index, count )"><span class="secnum">25.4.15</span> Atomics.notify ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>count</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics.xor" title="Atomics.xor ( typedArray, index, value )"><span class="secnum">25.4.16</span> Atomics.xor ( <var>typedArray</var>, <var>index</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-atomics-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Atomics [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">25.4.17</span> Atomics [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-json-object" title="The JSON Object"><span class="secnum">25.5</span> The JSON Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-json.parse" title="JSON.parse ( text [ , reviver ] )"><span class="secnum">25.5.1</span> JSON.parse ( <var>text</var> [ , <var>reviver</var> ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-ParseJSON" title="ParseJSON ( text )"><span class="secnum">25.5.1.1</span> ParseJSON ( <var>text</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-internalizejsonproperty" title="InternalizeJSONProperty ( holder, name, reviver )"><span class="secnum">25.5.1.2</span> InternalizeJSONProperty ( <var>holder</var>, <var>name</var>, <var>reviver</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-json.stringify" title="JSON.stringify ( value [ , replacer [ , space ] ] )"><span class="secnum">25.5.2</span> JSON.stringify ( <var>value</var> [ , <var>replacer</var> [ , <var>space</var> ] ] )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-json-serialization-record" title="JSON Serialization Record"><span class="secnum">25.5.2.1</span> JSON Serialization Record</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-serializejsonproperty" title="SerializeJSONProperty ( state, key, holder )"><span class="secnum">25.5.2.2</span> SerializeJSONProperty ( <var>state</var>, <var>key</var>, <var>holder</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-quotejsonstring" title="QuoteJSONString ( value )"><span class="secnum">25.5.2.3</span> QuoteJSONString ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-unicodeescape" title="UnicodeEscape ( C )"><span class="secnum">25.5.2.4</span> UnicodeEscape ( <var>C</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-serializejsonobject" title="SerializeJSONObject ( state, value )"><span class="secnum">25.5.2.5</span> SerializeJSONObject ( <var>state</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-serializejsonarray" title="SerializeJSONArray ( state, value )"><span class="secnum">25.5.2.6</span> SerializeJSONArray ( <var>state</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="structured-data.html#sec-json-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="JSON [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">25.5.3</span> JSON [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-managing-memory" title="Managing Memory"><span class="secnum">26</span> Managing Memory</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref-objects" title="WeakRef Objects"><span class="secnum">26.1</span> WeakRef Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref-constructor" title="The WeakRef Constructor"><span class="secnum">26.1.1</span> The WeakRef Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref-target" title="WeakRef ( target )"><span class="secnum">26.1.1.1</span> WeakRef ( <var>target</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-properties-of-the-weak-ref-constructor" title="Properties of the WeakRef Constructor"><span class="secnum">26.1.2</span> Properties of the WeakRef Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref.prototype" title="WeakRef.prototype"><span class="secnum">26.1.2.1</span> WeakRef.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-properties-of-the-weak-ref-prototype-object" title="Properties of the WeakRef Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">26.1.3</span> Properties of the WeakRef Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref.prototype.constructor" title="WeakRef.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">26.1.3.1</span> WeakRef.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref.prototype.deref" title="WeakRef.prototype.deref ( )"><span class="secnum">26.1.3.2</span> WeakRef.prototype.deref ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weak-ref.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="WeakRef.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">26.1.3.3</span> WeakRef.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weakref-abstract-operations" title="WeakRef Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">26.1.4</span> WeakRef Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-weakrefderef" title="WeakRefDeref ( weakRef )"><span class="secnum">26.1.4.1</span> WeakRefDeref ( <var>weakRef</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-properties-of-weak-ref-instances" title="Properties of WeakRef Instances"><span class="secnum">26.1.5</span> Properties of WeakRef Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry-objects" title="FinalizationRegistry Objects"><span class="secnum">26.2</span> FinalizationRegistry Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry-constructor" title="The FinalizationRegistry Constructor"><span class="secnum">26.2.1</span> The FinalizationRegistry Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry-cleanup-callback" title="FinalizationRegistry ( cleanupCallback )"><span class="secnum">26.2.1.1</span> FinalizationRegistry ( <var>cleanupCallback</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-properties-of-the-finalization-registry-constructor" title="Properties of the FinalizationRegistry Constructor"><span class="secnum">26.2.2</span> Properties of the FinalizationRegistry Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry.prototype" title="FinalizationRegistry.prototype"><span class="secnum">26.2.2.1</span> FinalizationRegistry.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-properties-of-the-finalization-registry-prototype-object" title="Properties of the FinalizationRegistry Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">26.2.3</span> Properties of the FinalizationRegistry Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry.prototype.constructor" title="FinalizationRegistry.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">26.2.3.1</span> FinalizationRegistry.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry.prototype.register" title="FinalizationRegistry.prototype.register ( target, heldValue [ , unregisterToken ] )"><span class="secnum">26.2.3.2</span> FinalizationRegistry.prototype.register ( <var>target</var>, <var>heldValue</var> [ , <var>unregisterToken</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry.prototype.unregister" title="FinalizationRegistry.prototype.unregister ( unregisterToken )"><span class="secnum">26.2.3.3</span> FinalizationRegistry.prototype.unregister ( <var>unregisterToken</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-finalization-registry.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="FinalizationRegistry.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">26.2.3.4</span> FinalizationRegistry.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="managing-memory.html#sec-properties-of-finalization-registry-instances" title="Properties of FinalizationRegistry Instances"><span class="secnum">26.2.4</span> Properties of FinalizationRegistry Instances</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-control-abstraction-objects" title="Control Abstraction Objects"><span class="secnum">27</span> Control Abstraction Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iteration" title="Iteration"><span class="secnum">27.1</span> Iteration</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-common-iteration-interfaces" title="Common Iteration Interfaces"><span class="secnum">27.1.1</span> Common Iteration Interfaces</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterable-interface" title="The Iterable Interface"><span class="secnum">27.1.1.1</span> The Iterable Interface</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator-interface" title="The Iterator Interface"><span class="secnum">27.1.1.2</span> The Iterator Interface</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asynciterable-interface" title="The Async Iterable Interface"><span class="secnum">27.1.1.3</span> The Async Iterable Interface</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asynciterator-interface" title="The Async Iterator Interface"><span class="secnum">27.1.1.4</span> The Async Iterator Interface</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iteratorresult-interface" title="The IteratorResult Interface"><span class="secnum">27.1.1.5</span> The IteratorResult Interface</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator-helper-objects" title="Iterator Helper Objects"><span class="secnum">27.1.2</span> Iterator Helper Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%iteratorhelperprototype%-object" title="The %IteratorHelperPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">27.1.2.1</span> The %IteratorHelperPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%iteratorhelperprototype%.next" title="%IteratorHelperPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.2.1.1</span> %IteratorHelperPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%iteratorhelperprototype%.return" title="%IteratorHelperPrototype%.return ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.2.1.2</span> %IteratorHelperPrototype%.return ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%iteratorhelperprototype%-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%IteratorHelperPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.1.2.1.3</span> %IteratorHelperPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator-objects" title="Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">27.1.3</span> Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator-constructor" title="The Iterator Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.1</span> The Iterator Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator" title="Iterator ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.1.1</span> Iterator ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-iterator-constructor" title="Properties of the Iterator Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2</span> Properties of the Iterator Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.concat" title="Iterator.concat ( ...items )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2.1</span> Iterator.concat ( ...<var>items</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.from" title="Iterator.from ( O )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2.2</span> Iterator.from ( <var>O</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%wrapforvaliditeratorprototype%-object" title="The %WrapForValidIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2.2.1</span> The %WrapForValidIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%wrapforvaliditeratorprototype%.next" title="%WrapForValidIteratorPrototype%.next ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2.2.1.1</span> %WrapForValidIteratorPrototype%.next ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%wrapforvaliditeratorprototype%.return" title="%WrapForValidIteratorPrototype%.return ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2.2.1.2</span> %WrapForValidIteratorPrototype%.return ( )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype" title="Iterator.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.2.3</span> Iterator.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%iterator.prototype%-object" title="Properties of the Iterator Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3</span> Properties of the Iterator Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.constructor" title="Iterator.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.1</span> Iterator.prototype.constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-get-iterator.prototype.constructor" title="get Iterator.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.1.1</span> get Iterator.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-set-iterator.prototype.constructor" title="set Iterator.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.1.2</span> set Iterator.prototype.constructor</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.drop" title="Iterator.prototype.drop ( limit )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.2</span> Iterator.prototype.drop ( <var>limit</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.every" title="Iterator.prototype.every ( predicate )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.3</span> Iterator.prototype.every ( <var>predicate</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.filter" title="Iterator.prototype.filter ( predicate )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.4</span> Iterator.prototype.filter ( <var>predicate</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.find" title="Iterator.prototype.find ( predicate )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.5</span> Iterator.prototype.find ( <var>predicate</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.flatmap" title="Iterator.prototype.flatMap ( mapper )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.6</span> Iterator.prototype.flatMap ( <var>mapper</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.foreach" title="Iterator.prototype.forEach ( procedure )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.7</span> Iterator.prototype.forEach ( <var>procedure</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.map" title="Iterator.prototype.map ( mapper )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.8</span> Iterator.prototype.map ( <var>mapper</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.reduce" title="Iterator.prototype.reduce ( reducer [ , initialValue ] )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.9</span> Iterator.prototype.reduce ( <var>reducer</var> [ , <var>initialValue</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.some" title="Iterator.prototype.some ( predicate )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.10</span> Iterator.prototype.some ( <var>predicate</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.take" title="Iterator.prototype.take ( limit )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.11</span> Iterator.prototype.take ( <var>limit</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype.toarray" title="Iterator.prototype.toArray ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.12</span> Iterator.prototype.toArray ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype-%symbol.iterator%" title="Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.13</span> Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.iterator% ] ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-iterator.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.14</span> Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-get-iterator.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="get Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.14.1</span> get Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-set-iterator.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="set Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.1.3.3.14.2</span> set Iterator.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asynciteratorprototype" title="The %AsyncIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">27.1.4</span> The %AsyncIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%asynciteratorprototype%-%symbol.asynciterator%" title="%AsyncIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.asyncIterator% ] ( )"><span class="secnum">27.1.4.1</span> %AsyncIteratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.asyncIterator% ] ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-from-sync-iterator-objects" title="Async-from-Sync Iterator Objects"><span class="secnum">27.1.5</span> Async-from-Sync Iterator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-createasyncfromsynciterator" title="CreateAsyncFromSyncIterator ( syncIteratorRecord )"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.1</span> CreateAsyncFromSyncIterator ( <var>syncIteratorRecord</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%asyncfromsynciteratorprototype%-object" title="The %AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.2</span> The %AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%asyncfromsynciteratorprototype%.next" title="%AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%.next ( [ value ] )"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.2.1</span> %AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%.next ( [ <var>value</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%asyncfromsynciteratorprototype%.return" title="%AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%.return ( [ value ] )"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.2.2</span> %AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%.return ( [ <var>value</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-%asyncfromsynciteratorprototype%.throw" title="%AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%.throw ( [ value ] )"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.2.3</span> %AsyncFromSyncIteratorPrototype%.throw ( [ <var>value</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-async-from-sync-iterator-instances" title="Properties of Async-from-Sync Iterator Instances"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.3</span> Properties of Async-from-Sync Iterator Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncfromsynciteratorcontinuation" title="AsyncFromSyncIteratorContinuation ( result, promiseCapability, syncIteratorRecord, closeOnRejection )"><span class="secnum">27.1.5.4</span> AsyncFromSyncIteratorContinuation ( <var>result</var>, <var>promiseCapability</var>, <var>syncIteratorRecord</var>, <var>closeOnRejection</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise-objects" title="Promise Objects"><span class="secnum">27.2</span> Promise Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise-abstract-operations" title="Promise Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">27.2.1</span> Promise Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promisecapability-records" title="PromiseCapability Records"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.1</span> PromiseCapability Records</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-ifabruptrejectpromise" title="IfAbruptRejectPromise ( value, capability )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.1.1</span> IfAbruptRejectPromise ( <var>value</var>, <var>capability</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promisereaction-records" title="PromiseReaction Records"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.2</span> PromiseReaction Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-createresolvingfunctions" title="CreateResolvingFunctions ( toResolve )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.3</span> CreateResolvingFunctions ( <var>toResolve</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-fulfillpromise" title="FulfillPromise ( promise, value )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.4</span> FulfillPromise ( <var>promise</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-newpromisecapability" title="NewPromiseCapability ( C )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.5</span> NewPromiseCapability ( <var>C</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-ispromise" title="IsPromise ( x )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.6</span> IsPromise ( <var>x</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-rejectpromise" title="RejectPromise ( promise, reason )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.7</span> RejectPromise ( <var>promise</var>, <var>reason</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-triggerpromisereactions" title="TriggerPromiseReactions ( reactions, argument )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.8</span> TriggerPromiseReactions ( <var>reactions</var>, <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-host-promise-rejection-tracker" title="HostPromiseRejectionTracker ( promise, operation )"><span class="secnum">27.2.1.9</span> HostPromiseRejectionTracker ( <var>promise</var>, <var>operation</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise-jobs" title="Promise Jobs"><span class="secnum">27.2.2</span> Promise Jobs</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-newpromisereactionjob" title="NewPromiseReactionJob ( reaction, argument )"><span class="secnum">27.2.2.1</span> NewPromiseReactionJob ( <var>reaction</var>, <var>argument</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-newpromiseresolvethenablejob" title="NewPromiseResolveThenableJob ( promiseToResolve, thenable, then )"><span class="secnum">27.2.2.2</span> NewPromiseResolveThenableJob ( <var>promiseToResolve</var>, <var>thenable</var>, <var>then</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise-constructor" title="The Promise Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.2.3</span> The Promise Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise-executor" title="Promise ( executor )"><span class="secnum">27.2.3.1</span> Promise ( <var>executor</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-promise-constructor" title="Properties of the Promise Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.2.4</span> Properties of the Promise Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.all" title="Promise.all ( iterable )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.1</span> Promise.all ( <var>iterable</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-getpromiseresolve" title="GetPromiseResolve ( promiseConstructor )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.1.1</span> GetPromiseResolve ( <var>promiseConstructor</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-performpromiseall" title="PerformPromiseAll ( iteratorRecord, constructor, resultCapability, promiseResolve )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.1.2</span> PerformPromiseAll ( <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>constructor</var>, <var>resultCapability</var>, <var>promiseResolve</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.allsettled" title="Promise.allSettled ( iterable )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.2</span> Promise.allSettled ( <var>iterable</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-performpromiseallsettled" title="PerformPromiseAllSettled ( iteratorRecord, constructor, resultCapability, promiseResolve )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.2.1</span> PerformPromiseAllSettled ( <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>constructor</var>, <var>resultCapability</var>, <var>promiseResolve</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.any" title="Promise.any ( iterable )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.3</span> Promise.any ( <var>iterable</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-performpromiseany" title="PerformPromiseAny ( iteratorRecord, constructor, resultCapability, promiseResolve )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.3.1</span> PerformPromiseAny ( <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>constructor</var>, <var>resultCapability</var>, <var>promiseResolve</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.prototype" title="Promise.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.4</span> Promise.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.race" title="Promise.race ( iterable )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.5</span> Promise.race ( <var>iterable</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-performpromiserace" title="PerformPromiseRace ( iteratorRecord, constructor, resultCapability, promiseResolve )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.5.1</span> PerformPromiseRace ( <var>iteratorRecord</var>, <var>constructor</var>, <var>resultCapability</var>, <var>promiseResolve</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.reject" title="Promise.reject ( r )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.6</span> Promise.reject ( <var>r</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.resolve" title="Promise.resolve ( x )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.7</span> Promise.resolve ( <var>x</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise-resolve" title="PromiseResolve ( C, x )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.7.1</span> PromiseResolve ( <var>C</var>, <var>x</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.try" title="Promise.try ( callback, ...args )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.8</span> Promise.try ( <var>callback</var>, ...<var>args</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.withResolvers" title="Promise.withResolvers ( )"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.9</span> Promise.withResolvers ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-get-promise-%symbol.species%" title="get Promise [ %Symbol.species% ]"><span class="secnum">27.2.4.10</span> get Promise [ %Symbol.species% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-promise-prototype-object" title="Properties of the Promise Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">27.2.5</span> Properties of the Promise Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.prototype.catch" title="Promise.prototype.catch ( onRejected )"><span class="secnum">27.2.5.1</span> Promise.prototype.catch ( <var>onRejected</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.prototype.constructor" title="Promise.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.2.5.2</span> Promise.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.prototype.finally" title="Promise.prototype.finally ( onFinally )"><span class="secnum">27.2.5.3</span> Promise.prototype.finally ( <var>onFinally</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.prototype.then" title="Promise.prototype.then ( onFulfilled, onRejected )"><span class="secnum">27.2.5.4</span> Promise.prototype.then ( <var>onFulfilled</var>, <var>onRejected</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-performpromisethen" title="PerformPromiseThen ( promise, onFulfilled, onRejected [ , resultCapability ] )"><span class="secnum">27.2.5.4.1</span> PerformPromiseThen ( <var>promise</var>, <var>onFulfilled</var>, <var>onRejected</var> [ , <var>resultCapability</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-promise.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Promise.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.2.5.5</span> Promise.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-promise-instances" title="Properties of Promise Instances"><span class="secnum">27.2.6</span> Properties of Promise Instances</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction-objects" title="GeneratorFunction Objects"><span class="secnum">27.3</span> GeneratorFunction Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction-constructor" title="The GeneratorFunction Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.3.1</span> The GeneratorFunction Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction" title="GeneratorFunction ( ...parameterArgs, bodyArg )"><span class="secnum">27.3.1.1</span> GeneratorFunction ( ...<var>parameterArgs</var>, <var>bodyArg</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-generatorfunction-constructor" title="Properties of the GeneratorFunction Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.3.2</span> Properties of the GeneratorFunction Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction.prototype" title="GeneratorFunction.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.3.2.1</span> GeneratorFunction.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-the-generatorfunction-prototype-object" title="Properties of the GeneratorFunction Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">27.3.3</span> Properties of the GeneratorFunction Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction.prototype.constructor" title="GeneratorFunction.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.3.3.1</span> GeneratorFunction.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction.prototype.prototype" title="GeneratorFunction.prototype.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.3.3.2</span> GeneratorFunction.prototype.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="GeneratorFunction.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.3.3.3</span> GeneratorFunction.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction-instances" title="GeneratorFunction Instances"><span class="secnum">27.3.4</span> GeneratorFunction Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction-instances-length" title="length"><span class="secnum">27.3.4.1</span> length</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction-instances-name" title="name"><span class="secnum">27.3.4.2</span> name</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorfunction-instances-prototype" title="prototype"><span class="secnum">27.3.4.3</span> prototype</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-objects" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction Objects"><span class="secnum">27.4</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-constructor" title="The AsyncGeneratorFunction Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.4.1</span> The AsyncGeneratorFunction Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction ( ...parameterArgs, bodyArg )"><span class="secnum">27.4.1.1</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction ( ...<var>parameterArgs</var>, <var>bodyArg</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-asyncgeneratorfunction" title="Properties of the AsyncGeneratorFunction Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.4.2</span> Properties of the AsyncGeneratorFunction Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-prototype" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.4.2.1</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-asyncgeneratorfunction-prototype" title="Properties of the AsyncGeneratorFunction Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">27.4.3</span> Properties of the AsyncGeneratorFunction Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-prototype-constructor" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.4.3.1</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-prototype-prototype" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.4.3.2</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype.prototype</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.4.3.3</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-instances" title="AsyncGeneratorFunction Instances"><span class="secnum">27.4.4</span> AsyncGeneratorFunction Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-instance-length" title="length"><span class="secnum">27.4.4.1</span> length</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-instance-name" title="name"><span class="secnum">27.4.4.2</span> name</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorfunction-instance-prototype" title="prototype"><span class="secnum">27.4.4.3</span> prototype</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator-objects" title="Generator Objects"><span class="secnum">27.5</span> Generator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-generator-prototype" title="The %GeneratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">27.5.1</span> The %GeneratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator.prototype.constructor" title="%GeneratorPrototype%.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.5.1.1</span> %GeneratorPrototype%.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator.prototype.next" title="%GeneratorPrototype%.next ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.5.1.2</span> %GeneratorPrototype%.next ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator.prototype.return" title="%GeneratorPrototype%.return ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.5.1.3</span> %GeneratorPrototype%.return ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator.prototype.throw" title="%GeneratorPrototype%.throw ( exception )"><span class="secnum">27.5.1.4</span> %GeneratorPrototype%.throw ( <var>exception</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator.prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%GeneratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.5.1.5</span> %GeneratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-generator-instances" title="Properties of Generator Instances"><span class="secnum">27.5.2</span> Properties of Generator Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generator-abstract-operations" title="Generator Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">27.5.3</span> Generator Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorstart" title="GeneratorStart ( generator, generatorBody )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.1</span> GeneratorStart ( <var>generator</var>, <var>generatorBody</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorvalidate" title="GeneratorValidate ( generator, generatorBrand )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.2</span> GeneratorValidate ( <var>generator</var>, <var>generatorBrand</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorresume" title="GeneratorResume ( generator, value, generatorBrand )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.3</span> GeneratorResume ( <var>generator</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>generatorBrand</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatorresumeabrupt" title="GeneratorResumeAbrupt ( generator, abruptCompletion, generatorBrand )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.4</span> GeneratorResumeAbrupt ( <var>generator</var>, <var>abruptCompletion</var>, <var>generatorBrand</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-getgeneratorkind" title="GetGeneratorKind ( )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.5</span> GetGeneratorKind ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-generatoryield" title="GeneratorYield ( iteratorResult )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.6</span> GeneratorYield ( <var>iteratorResult</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-yield" title="Yield ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.7</span> Yield ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-createiteratorfromclosure" title="CreateIteratorFromClosure ( closure, generatorBrand, generatorPrototype [ , extraSlots ] )"><span class="secnum">27.5.3.8</span> CreateIteratorFromClosure ( <var>closure</var>, <var>generatorBrand</var>, <var>generatorPrototype</var> [ , <var>extraSlots</var> ] )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-objects" title="AsyncGenerator Objects"><span class="secnum">27.6</span> AsyncGenerator Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-asyncgenerator-prototype" title="The %AsyncGeneratorPrototype% Object"><span class="secnum">27.6.1</span> The %AsyncGeneratorPrototype% Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-prototype-constructor" title="%AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.6.1.1</span> %AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-prototype-next" title="%AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.next ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.6.1.2</span> %AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.next ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-prototype-return" title="%AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.return ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.6.1.3</span> %AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.return ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-prototype-throw" title="%AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.throw ( exception )"><span class="secnum">27.6.1.4</span> %AsyncGeneratorPrototype%.throw ( <var>exception</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%AsyncGeneratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.6.1.5</span> %AsyncGeneratorPrototype% [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-properties-of-asyncgenerator-intances" title="Properties of AsyncGenerator Instances"><span class="secnum">27.6.2</span> Properties of AsyncGenerator Instances</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgenerator-abstract-operations" title="AsyncGenerator Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">27.6.3</span> AsyncGenerator Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorrequest-records" title="AsyncGeneratorRequest Records"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.1</span> AsyncGeneratorRequest Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorstart" title="AsyncGeneratorStart ( generator, generatorBody )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.2</span> AsyncGeneratorStart ( <var>generator</var>, <var>generatorBody</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorvalidate" title="AsyncGeneratorValidate ( generator, generatorBrand )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.3</span> AsyncGeneratorValidate ( <var>generator</var>, <var>generatorBrand</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorenqueue" title="AsyncGeneratorEnqueue ( generator, completion, promiseCapability )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.4</span> AsyncGeneratorEnqueue ( <var>generator</var>, <var>completion</var>, <var>promiseCapability</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorcompletestep" title="AsyncGeneratorCompleteStep ( generator, completion, done [ , realm ] )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.5</span> AsyncGeneratorCompleteStep ( <var>generator</var>, <var>completion</var>, <var>done</var> [ , <var>realm</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorresume" title="AsyncGeneratorResume ( generator, completion )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.6</span> AsyncGeneratorResume ( <var>generator</var>, <var>completion</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorunwrapyieldresumption" title="AsyncGeneratorUnwrapYieldResumption ( resumptionValue )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.7</span> AsyncGeneratorUnwrapYieldResumption ( <var>resumptionValue</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratoryield" title="AsyncGeneratorYield ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.8</span> AsyncGeneratorYield ( <var>value</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratorawaitreturn" title="AsyncGeneratorAwaitReturn ( generator )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.9</span> AsyncGeneratorAwaitReturn ( <var>generator</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncgeneratordrainqueue" title="AsyncGeneratorDrainQueue ( generator )"><span class="secnum">27.6.3.10</span> AsyncGeneratorDrainQueue ( <var>generator</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-objects" title="AsyncFunction Objects"><span class="secnum">27.7</span> AsyncFunction Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-constructor" title="The AsyncFunction Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.7.1</span> The AsyncFunction Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-constructor-arguments" title="AsyncFunction ( ...parameterArgs, bodyArg )"><span class="secnum">27.7.1.1</span> AsyncFunction ( ...<var>parameterArgs</var>, <var>bodyArg</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-constructor-properties" title="Properties of the AsyncFunction Constructor"><span class="secnum">27.7.2</span> Properties of the AsyncFunction Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-constructor-prototype" title="AsyncFunction.prototype"><span class="secnum">27.7.2.1</span> AsyncFunction.prototype</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-prototype-properties" title="Properties of the AsyncFunction Prototype Object"><span class="secnum">27.7.3</span> Properties of the AsyncFunction Prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-prototype-properties-constructor" title="AsyncFunction.prototype.constructor"><span class="secnum">27.7.3.1</span> AsyncFunction.prototype.constructor</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-prototype-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="AsyncFunction.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">27.7.3.2</span> AsyncFunction.prototype [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-instances" title="AsyncFunction Instances"><span class="secnum">27.7.4</span> AsyncFunction Instances</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-instances-length" title="length"><span class="secnum">27.7.4.1</span> length</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-function-instances-name" title="name"><span class="secnum">27.7.4.2</span> name</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-functions-abstract-operations" title="Async Functions Abstract Operations"><span class="secnum">27.7.5</span> Async Functions Abstract Operations</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-async-functions-abstract-operations-async-function-start" title="AsyncFunctionStart ( promiseCapability, asyncFunctionBody )"><span class="secnum">27.7.5.1</span> AsyncFunctionStart ( <var>promiseCapability</var>, <var>asyncFunctionBody</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#sec-asyncblockstart" title="AsyncBlockStart ( promiseCapability, asyncBody, asyncContext )"><span class="secnum">27.7.5.2</span> AsyncBlockStart ( <var>promiseCapability</var>, <var>asyncBody</var>, <var>asyncContext</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="control-abstraction-objects.html#await" title="Await ( value )"><span class="secnum">27.7.5.3</span> Await ( <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflection" title="Reflection"><span class="secnum">28</span> Reflection</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect-object" title="The Reflect Object"><span class="secnum">28.1</span> The Reflect Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.apply" title="Reflect.apply ( target, thisArgument, argumentsList )"><span class="secnum">28.1.1</span> Reflect.apply ( <var>target</var>, <var>thisArgument</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.construct" title="Reflect.construct ( target, argumentsList [ , newTarget ] )"><span class="secnum">28.1.2</span> Reflect.construct ( <var>target</var>, <var>argumentsList</var> [ , <var>newTarget</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.defineproperty" title="Reflect.defineProperty ( target, propertyKey, attributes )"><span class="secnum">28.1.3</span> Reflect.defineProperty ( <var>target</var>, <var>propertyKey</var>, <var>attributes</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.deleteproperty" title="Reflect.deleteProperty ( target, propertyKey )"><span class="secnum">28.1.4</span> Reflect.deleteProperty ( <var>target</var>, <var>propertyKey</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.get" title="Reflect.get ( target, propertyKey [ , receiver ] )"><span class="secnum">28.1.5</span> Reflect.get ( <var>target</var>, <var>propertyKey</var> [ , <var>receiver</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.getownpropertydescriptor" title="Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor ( target, propertyKey )"><span class="secnum">28.1.6</span> Reflect.getOwnPropertyDescriptor ( <var>target</var>, <var>propertyKey</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.getprototypeof" title="Reflect.getPrototypeOf ( target )"><span class="secnum">28.1.7</span> Reflect.getPrototypeOf ( <var>target</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.has" title="Reflect.has ( target, propertyKey )"><span class="secnum">28.1.8</span> Reflect.has ( <var>target</var>, <var>propertyKey</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.isextensible" title="Reflect.isExtensible ( target )"><span class="secnum">28.1.9</span> Reflect.isExtensible ( <var>target</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.ownkeys" title="Reflect.ownKeys ( target )"><span class="secnum">28.1.10</span> Reflect.ownKeys ( <var>target</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.preventextensions" title="Reflect.preventExtensions ( target )"><span class="secnum">28.1.11</span> Reflect.preventExtensions ( <var>target</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.set" title="Reflect.set ( target, propertyKey, V [ , receiver ] )"><span class="secnum">28.1.12</span> Reflect.set ( <var>target</var>, <var>propertyKey</var>, <var>V</var> [ , <var>receiver</var> ] )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect.setprototypeof" title="Reflect.setPrototypeOf ( target, proto )"><span class="secnum">28.1.13</span> Reflect.setPrototypeOf ( <var>target</var>, <var>proto</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-reflect-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="Reflect [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]"><span class="secnum">28.1.14</span> Reflect [ %Symbol.toStringTag% ]</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="reflection.html#sec-proxy-objects" title="Proxy Objects"><span class="secnum">28.2</span> Proxy Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="reflection.html#sec-proxy-constructor" title="The Proxy Constructor"><span class="secnum">28.2.1</span> The Proxy Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-proxy-target-handler" title="Proxy ( target, handler )"><span class="secnum">28.2.1.1</span> Proxy ( <var>target</var>, <var>handler</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="reflection.html#sec-properties-of-the-proxy-constructor" title="Properties of the Proxy Constructor"><span class="secnum">28.2.2</span> Properties of the Proxy Constructor</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-proxy.revocable" title="Proxy.revocable ( target, handler )"><span class="secnum">28.2.2.1</span> Proxy.revocable ( <var>target</var>, <var>handler</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="reflection.html#sec-module-namespace-objects" title="Module Namespace Objects"><span class="secnum">28.3</span> Module Namespace Objects</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="reflection.html#sec-%symbol.tostringtag%" title="%Symbol.toStringTag%"><span class="secnum">28.3.1</span> %Symbol.toStringTag%</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model" title="Memory Model"><span class="secnum">29</span> Memory Model</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" title="Memory Model Fundamentals"><span class="secnum">29.1</span> Memory Model Fundamentals</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-event-records" title="Agent Events Records"><span class="secnum">29.2</span> Agent Events Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-chosen-value-records" title="Chosen Value Records"><span class="secnum">29.3</span> Chosen Value Records</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions" title="Candidate Executions"><span class="secnum">29.4</span> Candidate Executions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-abstract-operations-for-the-memory-model" title="Abstract Operations for the Memory Model"><span class="secnum">29.5</span> Abstract Operations for the Memory Model</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-event-set" title="EventSet ( execution )"><span class="secnum">29.5.1</span> EventSet ( <var>execution</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset" title="SharedDataBlockEventSet ( execution )"><span class="secnum">29.5.2</span> SharedDataBlockEventSet ( <var>execution</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-hosteventset" title="HostEventSet ( execution )"><span class="secnum">29.5.3</span> HostEventSet ( <var>execution</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-composewriteeventbytes" title="ComposeWriteEventBytes ( execution, byteIndex, Ws )"><span class="secnum">29.5.4</span> ComposeWriteEventBytes ( <var>execution</var>, <var>byteIndex</var>, <var>Ws</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-valueofreadevent" title="ValueOfReadEvent ( execution, R )"><span class="secnum">29.5.5</span> ValueOfReadEvent ( <var>execution</var>, <var>R</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-relations-of-candidate-executions" title="Relations of Candidate Executions"><span class="secnum">29.6</span> Relations of Candidate Executions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order" title="is-agent-order-before"><span class="secnum">29.6.1</span> is-agent-order-before</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-bytes-from" title="reads-bytes-from"><span class="secnum">29.6.2</span> reads-bytes-from</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from" title="reads-from"><span class="secnum">29.6.3</span> reads-from</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-host-synchronizes-with" title="host-synchronizes-with"><span class="secnum">29.6.4</span> host-synchronizes-with</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-synchronizes-with" title="synchronizes-with"><span class="secnum">29.6.5</span> synchronizes-with</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before" title="happens-before"><span class="secnum">29.6.6</span> happens-before</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-properties-of-valid-executions" title="Properties of Valid Executions"><span class="secnum">29.7</span> Properties of Valid Executions</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-valid-chosen-reads" title="Valid Chosen Reads"><span class="secnum">29.7.1</span> Valid Chosen Reads</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-coherent-reads" title="Coherent Reads"><span class="secnum">29.7.2</span> Coherent Reads</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-tear-free-aligned-reads" title="Tear Free Reads"><span class="secnum">29.7.3</span> Tear Free Reads</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-order" title="Sequentially Consistent Atomics"><span class="secnum">29.7.4</span> Sequentially Consistent Atomics</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-valid-executions" title="Valid Executions"><span class="secnum">29.7.5</span> Valid Executions</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-races" title="Races"><span class="secnum">29.8</span> Races</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-races" title="Data Races"><span class="secnum">29.9</span> Data Races</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-race-freedom" title="Data Race Freedom"><span class="secnum">29.10</span> Data Race Freedom</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="memory-model.html#sec-shared-memory-guidelines" title="Shared Memory Guidelines"><span class="secnum">29.11</span> Shared Memory Guidelines</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-grammar-summary" title="Grammar Summary"><span class="secnum">Annex A <span class="annex-kind">(informative)</span></span> Grammar Summary</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-lexical-grammar" title="Lexical Grammar"><span class="secnum">A.1</span> Lexical Grammar</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-expressions" title="Expressions"><span class="secnum">A.2</span> Expressions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-statements" title="Statements"><span class="secnum">A.3</span> Statements</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-functions-and-classes" title="Functions and Classes"><span class="secnum">A.4</span> Functions and Classes</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-scripts-and-modules" title="Scripts and Modules"><span class="secnum">A.5</span> Scripts and Modules</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-number-conversions" title="Number Conversions"><span class="secnum">A.6</span> Number Conversions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-time-zone-offset-string-format" title="Time Zone Offset String Format"><span class="secnum">A.7</span> Time Zone Offset String Format</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="grammar-summary.html#sec-regular-expressions" title="Regular Expressions"><span class="secnum">A.8</span> Regular Expressions</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers" title="Additional ECMAScript Features for Web Browsers"><span class="secnum">Annex B <span class="annex-kind">(normative)</span></span> Additional ECMAScript Features for Web Browsers</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-syntax" title="Additional Syntax"><span class="secnum">B.1</span> Additional Syntax</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-html-like-comments" title="HTML-like Comments"><span class="secnum">B.1.1</span> HTML-like Comments</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-regular-expressions-patterns" title="Regular Expressions Patterns"><span class="secnum">B.1.2</span> Regular Expressions Patterns</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-early-errors-annexb" title="Static Semantics: Early Errors"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.1</span> SS: Early Errors</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-countleftcapturingparens-annexb" title="Static Semantics: CountLeftCapturingParensWithin and CountLeftCapturingParensBefore"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.2</span> SS: CountLeftCapturingParensWithin and CountLeftCapturingParensBefore</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-is-character-class-annexb" title="Static Semantics: IsCharacterClass"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.3</span> SS: IsCharacterClass</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-patterns-static-semantics-character-value-annexb" title="Static Semantics: CharacterValue"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.4</span> SS: CharacterValue</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-compilesubpattern-annexb" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileSubpattern"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.5</span> RS: CompileSubpattern</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-compileassertion-annexb" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileAssertion"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.6</span> RS: CompileAssertion</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-compileatom-annexb" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileAtom"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.7</span> RS: CompileAtom</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-compiletocharset-annexb" title="Runtime Semantics: CompileToCharSet"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.8</span> RS: CompileToCharSet</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-runtime-semantics-characterrangeorunion-abstract-operation" title="CharacterRangeOrUnion ( rer, A, B )"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.8.1</span> CharacterRangeOrUnion ( <var>rer</var>, <var>A</var>, <var>B</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-parsepattern-annexb" title="Static Semantics: ParsePattern ( patternText, u, v )"><span class="secnum">B.1.2.9</span> SS: ParsePattern ( <var>patternText</var>, <var>u</var>, <var>v</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-built-in-properties" title="Additional Built-in Properties"><span class="secnum">B.2</span> Additional Built-in Properties</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-properties-of-the-global-object" title="Additional Properties of the Global Object"><span class="secnum">B.2.1</span> Additional Properties of the Global Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-escape-string" title="escape ( string )"><span class="secnum">B.2.1.1</span> escape ( <var>string</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-unescape-string" title="unescape ( string )"><span class="secnum">B.2.1.2</span> unescape ( <var>string</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-properties-of-the-string.prototype-object" title="Additional Properties of the String.prototype Object"><span class="secnum">B.2.2</span> Additional Properties of the String.prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.substr" title="String.prototype.substr ( start, length )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.1</span> String.prototype.substr ( <var>start</var>, <var>length</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.anchor" title="String.prototype.anchor ( name )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.2</span> String.prototype.anchor ( <var>name</var> )</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-createhtml" title="CreateHTML ( string, tag, attribute, value )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.2.1</span> CreateHTML ( <var>string</var>, <var>tag</var>, <var>attribute</var>, <var>value</var> )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.big" title="String.prototype.big ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.3</span> String.prototype.big ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.blink" title="String.prototype.blink ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.4</span> String.prototype.blink ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.bold" title="String.prototype.bold ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.5</span> String.prototype.bold ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.fixed" title="String.prototype.fixed ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.6</span> String.prototype.fixed ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.fontcolor" title="String.prototype.fontcolor ( colour )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.7</span> String.prototype.fontcolor ( <var>colour</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.fontsize" title="String.prototype.fontsize ( size )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.8</span> String.prototype.fontsize ( <var>size</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.italics" title="String.prototype.italics ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.9</span> String.prototype.italics ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.link" title="String.prototype.link ( url )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.10</span> String.prototype.link ( <var>url</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.small" title="String.prototype.small ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.11</span> String.prototype.small ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.strike" title="String.prototype.strike ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.12</span> String.prototype.strike ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.sub" title="String.prototype.sub ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.13</span> String.prototype.sub ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-string.prototype.sup" title="String.prototype.sup ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.14</span> String.prototype.sup ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#String.prototype.trimleft" title="String.prototype.trimLeft ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.15</span> String.prototype.trimLeft ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#String.prototype.trimright" title="String.prototype.trimRight ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.2.16</span> String.prototype.trimRight ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-properties-of-the-date.prototype-object" title="Additional Properties of the Date.prototype Object"><span class="secnum">B.2.3</span> Additional Properties of the Date.prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-date.prototype.getyear" title="Date.prototype.getYear ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.3.1</span> Date.prototype.getYear ( )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-date.prototype.setyear" title="Date.prototype.setYear ( year )"><span class="secnum">B.2.3.2</span> Date.prototype.setYear ( <var>year</var> )</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-date.prototype.togmtstring" title="Date.prototype.toGMTString ( )"><span class="secnum">B.2.3.3</span> Date.prototype.toGMTString ( )</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-additional-properties-of-the-regexp.prototype-object" title="Additional Properties of the RegExp.prototype Object"><span class="secnum">B.2.4</span> Additional Properties of the RegExp.prototype Object</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-regexp.prototype.compile" title="RegExp.prototype.compile ( pattern, flags )"><span class="secnum">B.2.4.1</span> RegExp.prototype.compile ( <var>pattern</var>, <var>flags</var> )</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-other-additional-features" title="Other Additional Features"><span class="secnum">B.3</span> Other Additional Features</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-labelled-function-declarations" title="Labelled Function Declarations"><span class="secnum">B.3.1</span> Labelled Function Declarations</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-block-level-function-declarations-web-legacy-compatibility-semantics" title="Block-Level Function Declarations Web Legacy Compatibility Semantics"><span class="secnum">B.3.2</span> Block-Level Function Declarations Web Legacy Compatibility Semantics</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-functiondeclarations-in-ifstatement-statement-clauses" title="FunctionDeclarations in IfStatement Statement Clauses"><span class="secnum">B.3.3</span> FunctionDeclarations in IfStatement Statement Clauses</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-variablestatements-in-catch-blocks" title="VariableStatements in Catch Blocks"><span class="secnum">B.3.4</span> VariableStatements in Catch Blocks</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-initializers-in-forin-statement-heads" title="Initializers in ForIn Statement Heads"><span class="secnum">B.3.5</span> Initializers in ForIn Statement Heads</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-IsHTMLDDA-internal-slot" title="The [[IsHTMLDDA]] Internal Slot"><span class="secnum">B.3.6</span> The <var class="field">[[IsHTMLDDA]]</var> Internal Slot</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-web-compat-host-make-job-callback" title="Non-default behaviour in HostMakeJobCallback"><span class="secnum">B.3.7</span> Non-default behaviour in HostMakeJobCallback</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-web-compat-host-ensure-can-add-private-field" title="Non-default behaviour in HostEnsureCanAddPrivateElement"><span class="secnum">B.3.8</span> Non-default behaviour in HostEnsureCanAddPrivateElement</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additional-ecmascript-features-for-web-browsers.html#sec-runtime-errors-for-function-call-assignment-targets" title="Runtime Errors for Function Call Assignment Targets"><span class="secnum">B.3.9</span> Runtime Errors for Function Call Assignment Targets</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="strict-mode-of-ecmascript.html#sec-strict-mode-of-ecmascript" title="The Strict Mode of ECMAScript"><span class="secnum">Annex C <span class="annex-kind">(informative)</span></span> The Strict Mode of ECMAScript</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle">+</span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-layering-points" title="Host Layering Points"><span class="secnum">Annex D <span class="annex-kind">(informative)</span></span> Host Layering Points</a><ol class="toc"><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-hooks-summary" title="Host Hooks"><span class="secnum">D.1</span> Host Hooks</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-defined-fields-summary" title="Host-defined Fields"><span class="secnum">D.2</span> Host-defined Fields</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-defined-objects-summary" title="Host-defined Objects"><span class="secnum">D.3</span> Host-defined Objects</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-running-jobs" title="Running Jobs"><span class="secnum">D.4</span> Running Jobs</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-internal-methods-of-exotic-objects" title="Internal Methods of Exotic Objects"><span class="secnum">D.5</span> Internal Methods of Exotic Objects</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="host-layering-points.html#sec-host-built-in-objects-and-methods" title="Built-in Objects and Methods"><span class="secnum">D.6</span> Built-in Objects and Methods</a></li></ol></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="corrections-and-clarifications-in-ecmascript-2015-with-possible-compatibility-impact.html#sec-corrections-and-clarifications-in-ecmascript-2015-with-possible-compatibility-impact" title="Corrections and Clarifications in ECMAScript 2015 with Possible Compatibility Impact"><span class="secnum">Annex E <span class="annex-kind">(informative)</span></span> Corrections and Clarifications in ECMAScript 2015 with Possible Compatibility Impact</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="additions-and-changes-that-introduce-incompatibilities-with-prior-editions.html#sec-additions-and-changes-that-introduce-incompatibilities-with-prior-editions" title="Additions and Changes That Introduce Incompatibilities with Prior Editions"><span class="secnum">Annex F <span class="annex-kind">(informative)</span></span> Additions and Changes That Introduce Incompatibilities with Prior Editions</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="bibliography.html#sec-bibliography" title="Bibliography">Bibliography</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="colophon.html#sec-colophon" title="Colophon">Colophon</a></li><li><span class="item-toggle-none"></span><a href="copyright-and-software-license.html#sec-copyright-and-software-license" title="Copyright &amp; Software License">Copyright &amp; Software License</a></li></ol></div></div>
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<h1><span class="secnum">29</span> Memory Model</h1>
<p>The memory consistency model, or <dfn tabindex="-1">memory model</dfn>, specifies the possible orderings of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16906"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block events</a></emu-xref>, arising via accessing <emu-xref href="#typedarray" id="_ref_16907"><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#typedarray">TypedArray</a></emu-xref> instances backed by a SharedArrayBuffer and via methods on the Atomics object. When the program has no data races (defined below), the ordering of events appears as sequentially consistent, i.e., as an interleaving of actions from each <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16908"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref>. When the program has data races, shared memory operations may appear sequentially inconsistent. For example, programs may exhibit causality-violating behaviour and other astonishments. These astonishments arise from compiler transforms and the design of CPUs (e.g., out-of-order execution and speculation). The memory model defines both the precise conditions under which a program exhibits sequentially consistent behaviour as well as the possible values read from data races. To wit, there is no undefined behaviour.</p>
<p>The memory model is defined as relational constraints on <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16909"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> introduced by <emu-xref href="#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations" id="_ref_16910"><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations">abstract operations</a></emu-xref> on SharedArrayBuffer or by methods on the Atomics object during an evaluation.</p>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>This section provides an axiomatic model on <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16911"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> introduced by the <emu-xref href="#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations" id="_ref_16912"><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations">abstract operations</a></emu-xref> on SharedArrayBuffers. It bears stressing that the model is not expressible algorithmically, unlike the rest of this specification. The nondeterministic introduction of events by <emu-xref href="#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations" id="_ref_16913"><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations">abstract operations</a></emu-xref> is the interface between the operational semantics of ECMAScript evaluation and the axiomatic semantics of the memory model. The semantics of these events is defined by considering graphs of all events in an evaluation. These are neither Static Semantics nor Runtime Semantics. There is no demonstrated algorithmic implementation, but instead a set of constraints that determine if a particular event graph is allowed or disallowed.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-clause id="sec-memory-model-fundamentals">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.1</span> Memory Model Fundamentals</h1>
<p>Shared memory accesses (reads and writes) are divided into two groups, atomic accesses and data accesses, defined below. Atomic accesses are sequentially consistent, i.e., there is a strict total ordering of events agreed upon by all <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16914"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agents</a></emu-xref> in an <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-clusters" id="_ref_16915"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters">agent cluster</a></emu-xref>. Non-atomic accesses do not have a strict total ordering agreed upon by all <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16916"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agents</a></emu-xref>, i.e., unordered.</p>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 1</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>No orderings weaker than sequentially consistent and stronger than unordered, such as release-acquire, are supported.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<p>A <dfn variants="Shared Data Block events" tabindex="-1">Shared Data Block event</dfn> is either a <dfn tabindex="-1">ReadSharedMemory</dfn>, <dfn tabindex="-1">WriteSharedMemory</dfn>, or <dfn tabindex="-1">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</dfn> <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16917"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a></emu-xref>. A <dfn variants="read events" tabindex="-1">read event</dfn> is either a ReadSharedMemory or a ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory. A <dfn variants="write events" tabindex="-1">write event</dfn> is either a WriteSharedMemory or a ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory.</p>
<emu-table id="table-readsharedmemory-fields" caption="ReadSharedMemory Event Fields"><figure><figcaption>Table 91: <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16918"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> Event Fields</figcaption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field Name</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Order]]</var></td>
<td><emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> or <emu-const>unordered</emu-const></td>
<td>The weakest ordering guaranteed by the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_16919"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> for the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var></td>
<td>a Boolean</td>
<td>Whether this event is allowed to read from multiple <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16920"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> with equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16921"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> as this event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Block]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16922"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">Shared Data Block</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The block the event operates on.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var></td>
<td>a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16923"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The byte address of the read in <var class="field">[[Block]]</var>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var></td>
<td>a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16924"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The size of the read.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</figure></emu-table>
<emu-table id="table-writesharedmemory-fields" caption="WriteSharedMemory Event Fields"><figure><figcaption>Table 92: <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16925"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> Event Fields</figcaption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field Name</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Order]]</var></td>
<td><emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, <emu-const>unordered</emu-const>, or <emu-const>init</emu-const></td>
<td>The weakest ordering guaranteed by the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_16926"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> for the event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var></td>
<td>a Boolean</td>
<td>Whether this event is allowed to be read from multiple <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16927"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read events</a></emu-xref> with equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16928"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> as this event.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Block]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16929"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">Shared Data Block</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The block the event operates on.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var></td>
<td>a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16930"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The byte address of the write in <var class="field">[[Block]]</var>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var></td>
<td>a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16931"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The size of the write.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Payload]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16932"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16933"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16934"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16935"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref> to be read by other events.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</figure></emu-table>
<emu-table id="table-rmwsharedmemory-fields" caption="ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory Event Fields"><figure><figcaption>Table 93: <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16936"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> Event Fields</figcaption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field Name</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Order]]</var></td>
<td><emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const></td>
<td>Read-modify-<emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16937"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> are always sequentially consistent.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var></td>
<td><emu-val>true</emu-val></td>
<td>Read-modify-<emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16938"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> cannot tear.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Block]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16939"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">Shared Data Block</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The block the event operates on.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var></td>
<td>a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16940"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The byte address of the read-modify-write in <var class="field">[[Block]]</var>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var></td>
<td>a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16941"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The size of the read-modify-write.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Payload]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16942"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16943"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16944"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16945"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref> to be passed to <var class="field">[[ModifyOp]]</var>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ModifyOp]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-arraybuffer-notation" id="_ref_16946"><a href="structured-data.html#sec-arraybuffer-notation">read-modify-write modification function</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>An abstract closure that returns a modified <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16947"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16948"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref> from a read <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16949"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16950"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref> and <var class="field">[[Payload]]</var>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</figure></emu-table>
<p>Shared Data Block events are introduced to <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_16951"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-event-records" id="_ref_16952"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-event-records">Agent Events Records</a></emu-xref> by <emu-xref href="#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations" id="_ref_16953"><a href="notational-conventions.html#sec-algorithm-conventions-abstract-operations">abstract operations</a></emu-xref> or by methods on the Atomics object. Some operations also introduce <dfn variants="Synchronize,Synchronize event" tabindex="-1">Synchronize events</dfn>, which have no fields and exist purely to directly constrain the permitted orderings of other events. And finally, there are <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_16954"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-specific events. A <dfn variants="Memory events" tabindex="-1">Memory event</dfn> is either a Shared Data Block event, Synchronize event, or such a <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_16955"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-specific event.</p>
<p>Let the <dfn variants="memory ranges" tabindex="-1">memory range</dfn> of a Shared Data Block event <var>e</var> be the Set of all <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_16956"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integers</a></emu-xref> in the <emu-xref href="#interval" id="_ref_16957"><a href="notational-conventions.html#interval">interval</a></emu-xref> from <var>e</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var> (inclusive) to <var>e</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var> + <var>e</var>.<var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var> (exclusive). Two events' memory ranges are equal when the events have the same <var class="field">[[Block]]</var>, <var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var>, and <var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var>. Two events' memory ranges are overlapping when the events have the same <var class="field">[[Block]]</var>, the ranges are not equal, and their intersection is non-empty. Two events' memory ranges are disjoint when the events do not have the same <var class="field">[[Block]]</var> or their ranges are neither equal nor overlapping.</p>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 2</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>Examples of <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_16958"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-specific synchronizing events that should be accounted for are: sending a SharedArrayBuffer from one <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16959"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> to another (e.g., by <code>postMessage</code> in a browser), starting and stopping <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16960"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agents</a></emu-xref>, and communicating within the <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-clusters" id="_ref_16961"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters">agent cluster</a></emu-xref> via channels other than shared memory. For a particular execution <var>execution</var>, those events are provided by the <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_16962"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref> via the <emu-xref href="#sec-host-synchronizes-with" id="_ref_16963"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-host-synchronizes-with">host-synchronizes-with</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_16964"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">strict partial order</a></emu-xref>. Additionally, <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_16965"><a href="overview.html#host">hosts</a></emu-xref> can add <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_16966"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-specific synchronizing events to <var>execution</var>.<var class="field">[[EventList]]</var> so as to participate in the <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-order" id="_ref_16967"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order">is-agent-order-before</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_16968"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<p>Events are ordered within <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_16969"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate executions</a></emu-xref> by the relations defined below.</p>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-agent-event-records">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.2</span> Agent Events Records</h1>
<p>An <dfn variants="Agent Events Records" tabindex="-1">Agent Events Record</dfn> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16970"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a></emu-xref> with the following fields.</p>
<emu-table id="table-agent-events-records" caption="Agent Events Record Fields"><figure><figcaption>Table 94: <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-event-records" id="_ref_16971"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-event-records">Agent Events Record</a></emu-xref> Fields</figcaption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field Name</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><var class="field">[[AgentSignifier]]</var></td>
<td>an <emu-xref href="#sec-agents" id="_ref_16972"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agents">agent signifier</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16973"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> whose evaluation resulted in this ordering.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[EventList]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16974"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16975"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>Events are appended to the list during evaluation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[AgentSynchronizesWith]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16976"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of pairs of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16977"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Synchronize events</a></emu-xref></td>
<td><emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16978"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Synchronize</a></emu-xref> relationships introduced by the operational semantics.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</figure></emu-table>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-chosen-value-records">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.3</span> Chosen Value Records</h1>
<p>A <dfn variants="Chosen Value Records" tabindex="-1">Chosen Value Record</dfn> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16979"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a></emu-xref> with the following fields.</p>
<emu-table id="table-chosen-value-records" caption="Chosen Value Record Fields"><figure><figcaption>Table 95: <emu-xref href="#sec-chosen-value-records" id="_ref_16980"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-chosen-value-records">Chosen Value Record</a></emu-xref> Fields</figcaption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field Name</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><var class="field">[[Event]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16981"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block event</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16982"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16983"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event that was introduced for this chosen value.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ChosenValue]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16984"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16985"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>The bytes that were nondeterministically chosen during evaluation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</figure></emu-table>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-candidate-executions">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.4</span> Candidate Executions</h1>
<p>A <dfn variants="candidate executions" tabindex="-1">candidate execution</dfn> of the evaluation of an <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-clusters" id="_ref_16986"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#sec-agent-clusters">agent cluster</a></emu-xref> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16987"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a></emu-xref> with the following fields.</p>
<emu-table id="table-candidate-execution-records" caption="Candidate Execution Record Fields"><figure><figcaption>Table 96: Candidate Execution <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16988"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a></emu-xref> Fields</figcaption>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Field Name</th>
<th>Value</th>
<th>Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><var class="field">[[EventsRecords]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16989"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-event-records" id="_ref_16990"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-event-records">Agent Events Records</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>Maps an <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_16991"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> to <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16992"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Lists</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16993"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> appended during the evaluation.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><var class="field">[[ChosenValues]]</var></td>
<td>a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16994"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-chosen-value-records" id="_ref_16995"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-chosen-value-records">Chosen Value Records</a></emu-xref></td>
<td>Maps <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16996"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_16997"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events to the <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_16998"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_16999"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref> chosen during the evaluation.</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</figure></emu-table>
<p>An <dfn variants="empty candidate executions" tabindex="-1">empty candidate execution</dfn> is a candidate execution <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17000"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Record</a></emu-xref> whose fields are empty <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17001"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Lists</a></emu-xref>.</p>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-abstract-operations-for-the-memory-model" oldids="sec-synchronizeeventset"><span id="sec-synchronizeeventset"></span>
<h1><span class="secnum">29.5</span> Abstract Operations for the Memory Model</h1>
<emu-clause id="sec-event-set" type="abstract operation" aoid="EventSet">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.5.1</span> EventSet ( <var>execution</var> )</h1>
<p>The abstract operation EventSet takes argument <var>execution</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17002"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref>) and returns a Set of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17003"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref>. It performs the following steps when called:</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>Let <var>events</var> be an empty Set.</li><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-event-records" id="_ref_17004"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-event-records">Agent Events Record</a></emu-xref> <var>aer</var> of <var>execution</var>.<var class="field">[[EventsRecords]]</var>, do<ol><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17005"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory event</a></emu-xref> <var>E</var> of <var>aer</var>.<var class="field">[[EventList]]</var>, do<ol><li>Add <var>E</var> to <var>events</var>.</li></ol></li></ol></li><li>Return <var>events</var>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-sharedatablockeventset" type="abstract operation" aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.5.2</span> SharedDataBlockEventSet ( <var>execution</var> )</h1>
<p>The abstract operation SharedDataBlockEventSet takes argument <var>execution</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17006"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref>) and returns a Set of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17007"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block events</a></emu-xref>. It performs the following steps when called:</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>Let <var>events</var> be an empty Set.</li><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17008"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory event</a></emu-xref> <var>E</var> of <emu-xref aoid="EventSet" id="_ref_17009"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-event-set">EventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), do<ol><li>If <var>E</var> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17010"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block event</a></emu-xref>, add <var>E</var> to <var>events</var>.</li></ol></li><li>Return <var>events</var>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-hosteventset" type="abstract operation" aoid="HostEventSet">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.5.3</span> HostEventSet ( <var>execution</var> )</h1>
<p>The abstract operation HostEventSet takes argument <var>execution</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17011"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref>) and returns a Set of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17012"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref>. It performs the following steps when called:</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>Return a new Set containing all elements of <emu-xref aoid="EventSet" id="_ref_17013"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-event-set">EventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) that are not in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17014"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>).</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-composewriteeventbytes" type="abstract operation" aoid="ComposeWriteEventBytes">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.5.4</span> ComposeWriteEventBytes ( <var>execution</var>, <var>byteIndex</var>, <var>Ws</var> )</h1>
<p>The abstract operation ComposeWriteEventBytes takes arguments <var>execution</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17015"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref>), <var>byteIndex</var> (a non-negative <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_17016"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref>), and <var>Ws</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17017"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of either <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17018"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17019"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events) and returns a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17020"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_17021"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref>. It performs the following steps when called:</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>Let <var>byteLocation</var> be <var>byteIndex</var>.</li><li>Let <var>bytesRead</var> be a new empty <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17022"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref>.</li><li>For each element <var>W</var> of <var>Ws</var>, do<ol><li><emu-xref href="#assert" id="_ref_17023"><a href="notational-conventions.html#assert">Assert</a></emu-xref>: <var>W</var> has <var>byteLocation</var> in its <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17024"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref>.</li><li>Let <var>payloadIndex</var> be <var>byteLocation</var> - <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var>.</li><li>If <var>W</var> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17025"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event, then<ol><li>Let <var>byte</var> be <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[Payload]]</var>[<var>payloadIndex</var>].</li></ol></li><li>Else,<ol><li><emu-xref href="#assert" id="_ref_17026"><a href="notational-conventions.html#assert">Assert</a></emu-xref>: <var>W</var> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17027"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event.</li><li>Let <var>bytes</var> be <emu-xref aoid="ValueOfReadEvent" id="_ref_17028"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-valueofreadevent">ValueOfReadEvent</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>, <var>W</var>).</li><li>Let <var>bytesModified</var> be <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[ModifyOp]]</var>(<var>bytes</var>, <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[Payload]]</var>).</li><li>Let <var>byte</var> be <var>bytesModified</var>[<var>payloadIndex</var>].</li></ol></li><li>Append <var>byte</var> to <var>bytesRead</var>.</li><li>Set <var>byteLocation</var> to <var>byteLocation</var> + 1.</li></ol></li><li>Return <var>bytesRead</var>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 1</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>The read-modify-write modification <var class="field">[[ModifyOp]]</var> is given by the function properties on the Atomics object that introduce <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17029"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 2</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>This abstract operation composes a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17030"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17031"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> into a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17032"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_17033"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref>. It is used in the event semantics of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17034"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> and <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17035"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-valueofreadevent" type="abstract operation" aoid="ValueOfReadEvent">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.5.5</span> ValueOfReadEvent ( <var>execution</var>, <var>R</var> )</h1>
<p>The abstract operation ValueOfReadEvent takes arguments <var>execution</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17036"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref>) and <var>R</var> (a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17037"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17038"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event) and returns a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17039"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-data-blocks" id="_ref_17040"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-data-blocks">byte values</a></emu-xref>. It performs the following steps when called:</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>Let <var>Ws</var> be <emu-xref aoid="reads-bytes-from" id="_ref_17041"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-bytes-from">reads-bytes-from</a></emu-xref>(<var>R</var>) in <var>execution</var>.</li><li><emu-xref href="#assert" id="_ref_17042"><a href="notational-conventions.html#assert">Assert</a></emu-xref>: <var>Ws</var> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17043"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17044"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17045"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events with length equal to <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var>.</li><li>Return <emu-xref aoid="ComposeWriteEventBytes" id="_ref_17046"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-composewriteeventbytes">ComposeWriteEventBytes</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>, <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var>, <var>Ws</var>).</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-relations-of-candidate-executions">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6</span> Relations of Candidate Executions</h1>
<p>The following relations and mathematical functions are parameterized over a particular <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17047"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> and order its <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17048"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref>.</p>
<emu-clause id="sec-agent-order">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6.1</span> is-agent-order-before</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17049"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, its <dfn tabindex="-1">is-agent-order-before</dfn> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17050"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> is the <emu-xref href="#least-relation" id="_ref_17051"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#least-relation">least Relation</a></emu-xref> on <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17052"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> that satisfies the following.</p>
<ul>
<li>For events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var>, <var>E</var> is-agent-order-before <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> if there is some <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-event-records" id="_ref_17053"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-event-records">Agent Events Record</a></emu-xref> <var>aer</var> in <var>execution</var>.<var class="field">[[EventsRecords]]</var> such that <var>aer</var>.<var class="field">[[EventList]]</var> contains both <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> and <var>E</var> is before <var>D</var> in <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17054"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> order of <var>aer</var>.<var class="field">[[EventList]]</var>.</li>
</ul>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>Each <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17055"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> introduces events in a per-<emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17056"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17057"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">strict total order</a></emu-xref> during the evaluation. This is the union of those <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17058"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">strict total orders</a></emu-xref>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-reads-bytes-from" aoid="reads-bytes-from">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6.2</span> reads-bytes-from</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17059"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, its <em>reads-bytes-from</em> function is a mathematical function mapping <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17060"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17061"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) to <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17062"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">Lists</a></emu-xref> of events in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17063"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) that satisfies the following conditions.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17064"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17065"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>R</var> in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17066"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), reads-bytes-from(<var>R</var>) in <var>execution</var> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-list-and-record-specification-type" id="_ref_17067"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-list-and-record-specification-type">List</a></emu-xref> of length <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var> whose elements are <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17068"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17069"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events <var>Ws</var> such that all of the following are true.</p>
<ul>
<li>Each event <var>W</var> with index <var>i</var> in <var>Ws</var> has <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var> + <var>i</var> in its <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17070"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref>.</li>
<li><var>R</var> is not in <var>Ws</var>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17071"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> always admits a reads-bytes-from function.</p>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-reads-from">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6.3</span> reads-from</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17072"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, its <dfn tabindex="-1">reads-from</dfn> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17073"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> is the <emu-xref href="#least-relation" id="_ref_17074"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#least-relation">least Relation</a></emu-xref> on <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17075"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> that satisfies the following.</p>
<ul>
<li>For events <var>R</var> and <var>W</var>, <var>R</var> reads-from <var>W</var> in <var>execution</var> if <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17076"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) contains both <var>R</var> and <var>W</var>, and <emu-xref aoid="reads-bytes-from" id="_ref_17077"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-bytes-from">reads-bytes-from</a></emu-xref>(<var>R</var>) in <var>execution</var> contains <var>W</var>.</li>
</ul>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-host-synchronizes-with">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6.4</span> host-synchronizes-with</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17078"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, its <dfn tabindex="-1">host-synchronizes-with</dfn> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17079"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> is a <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_17080"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-provided <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17081"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">strict partial order</a></emu-xref> on <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_17082"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-specific <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17083"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> that satisfies at least the following.</p>
<ul>
<li>If <var>E</var> host-synchronizes-with <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var>, <emu-xref aoid="HostEventSet" id="_ref_17084"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-hosteventset">HostEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) contains <var>E</var> and <var>D</var>.</li>
<li>There is no cycle in the union of host-synchronizes-with and <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-order" id="_ref_17085"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order">is-agent-order-before</a></emu-xref> in <var>execution</var>.</li>
</ul>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 1</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>For two <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_17086"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref>-specific events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> in a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17087"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, <var>E</var> host-synchronizes-with <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> implies <var>E</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17088"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 2</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>This <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17089"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> allows the <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_17090"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref> to provide additional synchronization mechanisms, such as <code>postMessage</code> between HTML workers.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-synchronizes-with">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6.5</span> synchronizes-with</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17091"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, its <dfn tabindex="-1">synchronizes-with</dfn> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17092"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> is the <emu-xref href="#least-relation" id="_ref_17093"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#least-relation">least Relation</a></emu-xref> on <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17094"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> that satisfies the following.</p>
<ul>
<li>
For events <var>R</var> and <var>W</var>, <var>W</var> synchronizes-with <var>R</var> in <var>execution</var> if <var>R</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17095"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> <var>W</var> in <var>execution</var>, <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, and <var>R</var> and <var>W</var> have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17096"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>.
</li>
<li>
For each element <var>eventsRecord</var> of <var>execution</var>.<var class="field">[[EventsRecords]]</var>, the following is true.
<ul>
<li>For events <var>S</var> and <var>Sw</var>, <var>S</var> synchronizes-with <var>Sw</var> in <var>execution</var> if <var>eventsRecord</var>.<var class="field">[[AgentSynchronizesWith]]</var> contains (<var>S</var>, <var>Sw</var>).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>For events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var>, <var>E</var> synchronizes-with <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> if <var>execution</var>.<var class="field">[[HostSynchronizesWith]]</var> contains (<var>E</var>, <var>D</var>).</li>
</ul>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 1</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>Owing to convention in <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17097"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> literature, in a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17098"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17099"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> synchronizes-with <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17100"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read events</a></emu-xref>, instead of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17101"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read events</a></emu-xref> synchronizes-with <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17102"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 2</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>In a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17103"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, <emu-const>init</emu-const> events do not participate in this <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17104"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> and are instead constrained directly by <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17105"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 3</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>In a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17106"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, not all <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> events related by <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17107"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> are related by synchronizes-with. Only events that also have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17108"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref> are related by synchronizes-with.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 4</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>For <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17109"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block events</a></emu-xref> <var>R</var> and <var>W</var> in a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17110"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var> such that <var>W</var> synchronizes-with <var>R</var>, <var>R</var> may <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17111"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> other writes than <var>W</var>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-happens-before">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.6.6</span> happens-before</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17112"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, its <dfn tabindex="-1">happens-before</dfn> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17113"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> is the <emu-xref href="#least-relation" id="_ref_17114"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#least-relation">least Relation</a></emu-xref> on <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17115"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> that satisfies the following.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>For events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var>, <var>E</var> happens-before <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> if any of the following conditions are true.</p>
<ul>
<li><var>E</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-order" id="_ref_17116"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order">is-agent-order-before</a></emu-xref> <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var>.</li>
<li><var>E</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-synchronizes-with" id="_ref_17117"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-synchronizes-with">synchronizes-with</a></emu-xref> <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var>.</li>
<li><emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17118"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) contains both <var>E</var> and <var>D</var>, <var>E</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>init</emu-const>, and <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> have overlapping <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17119"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>.</li>
<li>There is an event <var>F</var> such that <var>E</var> happens-before <var>F</var> and <var>F</var> happens-before <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var>.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>Because happens-before is a superset of <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17120"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref>-order, a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17121"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> is consistent with the single-thread evaluation semantics of ECMAScript.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-properties-of-valid-executions">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.7</span> Properties of Valid Executions</h1>
<emu-clause id="sec-valid-chosen-reads">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.7.1</span> Valid Chosen Reads</h1>
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17122"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var> has valid chosen reads if the following algorithm returns <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17123"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17124"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>R</var> of <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17125"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), do<ol><li>Let <var>chosenValueRecord</var> be the element of <var>execution</var>.<var class="field">[[ChosenValues]]</var> whose <var class="field">[[Event]]</var> field is <var>R</var>.</li><li>Let <var>chosenValue</var> be <var>chosenValueRecord</var>.<var class="field">[[ChosenValue]]</var>.</li><li>Let <var>readValue</var> be <emu-xref aoid="ValueOfReadEvent" id="_ref_17126"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-valueofreadevent">ValueOfReadEvent</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>, <var>R</var>).</li><li>Let <var>chosenLen</var> be the number of elements in <var>chosenValue</var>.</li><li>Let <var>readLen</var> be the number of elements in <var>readValue</var>.</li><li>If <var>chosenLen</var> ≠ <var>readLen</var>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></li><li>If <var>chosenValue</var>[<var>i</var>] ≠ <var>readValue</var>[<var>i</var>] for some <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_17127"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref> <var>i</var> in the <emu-xref href="#interval" id="_ref_17128"><a href="notational-conventions.html#interval">interval</a></emu-xref> from 0 (inclusive) to <var>chosenLen</var> (exclusive), then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></li></ol></li><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-coherent-reads">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.7.2</span> Coherent Reads</h1>
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17129"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var> has coherent reads if the following algorithm returns <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17130"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17131"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>R</var> of <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17132"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), do<ol><li>Let <var>Ws</var> be <emu-xref aoid="reads-bytes-from" id="_ref_17133"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-bytes-from">reads-bytes-from</a></emu-xref>(<var>R</var>) in <var>execution</var>.</li><li>Let <var>byteLocation</var> be <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var>.</li><li>For each element <var>W</var> of <var>Ws</var>, do<ol><li>If <var>R</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17134"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>W</var> in <var>execution</var>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></li><li>If there exists a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17135"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17136"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>V</var> that has <var>byteLocation</var> in its <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17137"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> such that <var>W</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17138"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>V</var> in <var>execution</var> and <var>V</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17139"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>R</var> in <var>execution</var>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></li><li>Set <var>byteLocation</var> to <var>byteLocation</var> + 1.</li></ol></li></ol></li><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-tear-free-aligned-reads">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.7.3</span> Tear Free Reads</h1>
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17140"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var> has tear free reads if the following algorithm returns <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17141"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17142"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>R</var> of <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17143"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), do<ol><li>If <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var> is <emu-val>true</emu-val>, then<ol><li><emu-xref href="#assert" id="_ref_17144"><a href="notational-conventions.html#assert">Assert</a></emu-xref>: The remainder of dividing <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ByteIndex]]</var> by <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[ElementSize]]</var> is 0.</li><li>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17145"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory event</a></emu-xref> <var>W</var> such that <var>R</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17146"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> <var>W</var> in <var>execution</var> and <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var> is <emu-val>true</emu-val>, do<ol><li>If <var>R</var> and <var>W</var> have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17147"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref> and there exists a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17148"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory event</a></emu-xref> <var>V</var> such that <var>V</var> and <var>W</var> have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17149"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>, <var>V</var>.<var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var> is <emu-val>true</emu-val>, <var>W</var> and <var>V</var> are not the same <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17150"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block event</a></emu-xref>, and <var>R</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17151"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> <var>V</var> in <var>execution</var>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17152"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block event</a></emu-xref>'s <var class="field">[[NoTear]]</var> field is <emu-val>true</emu-val> when that event was introduced via accessing an <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_17153"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#typedarray" id="_ref_17154"><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#typedarray">TypedArray</a></emu-xref>, and <emu-val>false</emu-val> when introduced via accessing a floating point <emu-xref href="#typedarray" id="_ref_17155"><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#typedarray">TypedArray</a></emu-xref> or DataView.</p>
<p>Intuitively, this requirement says when a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17156"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> is accessed in an aligned fashion via an <emu-xref href="#integer" id="_ref_17157"><a href="notational-conventions.html#integer">integer</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#typedarray" id="_ref_17158"><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#typedarray">TypedArray</a></emu-xref>, a single <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17159"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write event</a></emu-xref> on that range must "win" when in a <emu-xref href="#sec-data-races" id="_ref_17160"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-races">data race</a></emu-xref> with other <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17161"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> with equal ranges. More precisely, this requirement says an aligned <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17162"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read event</a></emu-xref> cannot read a value composed of bytes from multiple, different <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17163"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> all with equal ranges. It is possible, however, for an aligned <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17164"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read event</a></emu-xref> to read from multiple <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17165"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">write events</a></emu-xref> with overlapping ranges.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-memory-order">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.7.4</span> Sequentially Consistent Atomics</h1>
<p>For a <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17166"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var>, <dfn tabindex="-1">is-memory-order-before</dfn> is a <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17167"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">strict total order</a></emu-xref> of all <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17168"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> in <emu-xref aoid="EventSet" id="_ref_17169"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-event-set">EventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) that satisfies the following.</p>
<ul>
<li>For events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var>, <var>E</var> is-memory-order-before <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> if <var>E</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17170"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var>.</li>
<li>
<p>For events <var>R</var> and <var>W</var> such that <var>R</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17171"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> <var>W</var> in <var>execution</var>, there is no <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17172"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17173"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>V</var> in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17174"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) such that <var>V</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, <var>W</var> is-memory-order-before <var>V</var> in <var>execution</var>, <var>V</var> is-memory-order-before <var>R</var> in <var>execution</var>, and any of the following conditions are true.</p>
<ul>
<li><var>W</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-synchronizes-with" id="_ref_17175"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-synchronizes-with">synchronizes-with</a></emu-xref> <var>R</var> in <var>execution</var>, and <var>V</var> and <var>R</var> have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17176"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>.</li>
<li><var>W</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17177"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>R</var> and <var>V</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17178"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>R</var> in <var>execution</var>, <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, and <var>W</var> and <var>V</var> have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17179"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>.</li>
<li><var>W</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17180"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>R</var> and <var>W</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17181"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>V</var> in <var>execution</var>, <var>R</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, and <var>V</var> and <var>R</var> have equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17182"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>.</li>
</ul>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 1</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>This clause additionally constrains <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> events on equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17183"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</li>
<li>
<p>For each <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17184"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17185"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> event <var>W</var> in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17186"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), if <var>W</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, then it is not the case that there is an infinite number of <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17187"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17188"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17189"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) with equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17190"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> that is memory-order before <var>W</var>.</p>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 2</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>This clause together with the forward progress guarantee on <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17191"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agents</a></emu-xref> ensure the liveness condition that <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_849"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">writes</a></emu-xref> become visible to <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_850"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">reads</a></emu-xref> with equal <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17192"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> in <emu-xref href="#finite" id="_ref_17193"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#finite">finite</a></emu-xref> time.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</li>
</ul>
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17194"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> has sequentially consistent atomics if it admits an is-memory-order-before <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17195"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref>.</p>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 3</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>While is-memory-order-before includes all events in <emu-xref aoid="EventSet" id="_ref_17196"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-event-set">EventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), those that are not constrained by <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17197"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-synchronizes-with" id="_ref_17198"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-synchronizes-with">synchronizes-with</a></emu-xref> in <var>execution</var> are allowed to occur anywhere in the order.</p>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-valid-executions">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.7.5</span> Valid Executions</h1>
<p>A <emu-xref href="#sec-candidate-executions" id="_ref_17199"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-candidate-executions">candidate execution</a></emu-xref> <var>execution</var> is a valid execution (or simply an execution) if all of the following are true.</p>
<ul>
<li>The <emu-xref href="#host" id="_ref_17200"><a href="overview.html#host">host</a></emu-xref> provides a <emu-xref href="#sec-host-synchronizes-with" id="_ref_17201"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-host-synchronizes-with">host-synchronizes-with</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17202"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> for <var>execution</var>.</li>
<li><var>execution</var> admits a <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17203"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17204"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> that is a <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17205"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">strict partial order</a></emu-xref>.</li>
<li><var>execution</var> has valid chosen reads.</li>
<li><var>execution</var> has coherent reads.</li>
<li><var>execution</var> has tear free reads.</li>
<li><var>execution</var> has sequentially consistent atomics.</li>
</ul>
<p>All programs have at least one valid execution.</p>
</emu-clause>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-races">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.8</span> Races</h1>
<p>For an execution <var>execution</var> and events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> that are contained in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17206"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> are in a <em>race</em> if the following algorithm returns <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>If <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> are not the same <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17207"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block event</a></emu-xref>, then<ol><li>If it is not the case that both <var>E</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17208"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> and <var>D</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-happens-before" id="_ref_17209"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-happens-before">happens-before</a></emu-xref> <var>E</var> in <var>execution</var>, then<ol><li>If <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> are both <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17210"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">WriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> or <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17211"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">ReadModifyWriteSharedMemory</a></emu-xref> events and <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> do not have disjoint <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17212"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></li><li>If <var>E</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17213"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> <var>D</var> in <var>execution</var> or <var>D</var> <emu-xref href="#sec-reads-from" id="_ref_17214"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-reads-from">reads-from</a></emu-xref> <var>E</var> in <var>execution</var>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-data-races">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.9</span> Data Races</h1>
<p>For an execution <var>execution</var> and events <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> that are contained in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17215"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>), <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> are in a <dfn tabindex="-1">data race</dfn> if the following algorithm returns <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</p>
<emu-alg><ol><li>If <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> are in a <emu-xref href="#sec-races" id="_ref_851"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-races">race</a></emu-xref> in <var>execution</var>, then<ol><li>If <var>E</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is not <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> or <var>D</var>.<var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is not <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></li><li>If <var>E</var> and <var>D</var> have overlapping <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17216"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory ranges</a></emu-xref>, then<ol><li>Return <emu-val>true</emu-val>.</li></ol></li></ol></li><li>Return <emu-val>false</emu-val>.</li></ol></emu-alg>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-data-race-freedom">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.10</span> Data Race Freedom</h1>
<p>An execution <var>execution</var> is <dfn tabindex="-1">data race free</dfn> if there are no two events in <emu-xref aoid="SharedDataBlockEventSet" id="_ref_17217"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-sharedatablockeventset">SharedDataBlockEventSet</a></emu-xref>(<var>execution</var>) that are in a <emu-xref href="#sec-data-races" id="_ref_17218"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-races">data race</a></emu-xref>.</p>
<p>A program is data race free if all its executions are data race free.</p>
<p>The <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17219"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> guarantees sequential consistency of all events for data race free programs.</p>
</emu-clause>
<emu-clause id="sec-shared-memory-guidelines">
<h1><span class="secnum">29.11</span> Shared Memory Guidelines</h1>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 1</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>The following are guidelines for ECMAScript programmers working with shared memory.</p>
<p>We recommend programs be kept <emu-xref href="#sec-data-race-freedom" id="_ref_17220"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-race-freedom">data race free</a></emu-xref>, i.e., make it so that it is impossible for there to be concurrent non-atomic operations on the same memory location. <emu-xref href="#sec-data-race-freedom" id="_ref_17221"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-race-freedom">Data race free</a></emu-xref> programs have interleaving semantics where each step in the evaluation semantics of each <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17222"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> are interleaved with each other. For <emu-xref href="#sec-data-race-freedom" id="_ref_17223"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-race-freedom">data race free</a></emu-xref> programs, it is not necessary to understand the details of the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17224"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref>. The details are unlikely to build intuition that will help one to better write ECMAScript.</p>
<p>More generally, even if a program is not <emu-xref href="#sec-data-race-freedom" id="_ref_17225"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-data-race-freedom">data race free</a></emu-xref> it may have predictable behaviour, so long as atomic operations are not involved in any data races and the operations that race all have the same access size. The simplest way to arrange for atomics not to be involved in races is to ensure that different memory cells are used by atomic and non-atomic operations and that atomic accesses of different sizes are not used to access the same cells at the same time. Effectively, the program should treat shared memory as strongly typed as much as possible. One still cannot depend on the ordering and timing of non-atomic accesses that race, but if memory is treated as strongly typed the racing accesses will not "tear" (bits of their values will not be mixed).</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 2</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>The following are guidelines for ECMAScript implementers writing compiler transformations for programs using shared memory.</p>
<p>It is desirable to allow most program transformations that are valid in a single-<emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17226"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> setting in a multi-<emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17227"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> setting, to ensure that the performance of each <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17228"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> in a multi-<emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17229"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> program is as good as it would be in a single-<emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17230"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> setting. Frequently these transformations are hard to judge. We outline some rules about program transformations that are intended to be taken as normative (in that they are implied by the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17231"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> or stronger than what the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17232"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> implies) but which are likely not exhaustive. These rules are intended to apply to program transformations that precede the introductions of the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17233"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Memory events</a></emu-xref> that make up the <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-order" id="_ref_17234"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order">is-agent-order-before</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17235"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref>.</p>
<p>Let an <dfn variants="agent-order slices" tabindex="-1">agent-order slice</dfn> be the subset of the <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-order" id="_ref_17236"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order">is-agent-order-before</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17237"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref> pertaining to a single <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17238"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref>.</p>
<p>Let <dfn tabindex="-1">possible read values</dfn> of a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17239"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read event</a></emu-xref> be the set of all values of <emu-xref aoid="ValueOfReadEvent" id="_ref_17240"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-valueofreadevent">ValueOfReadEvent</a></emu-xref> for that event across all valid executions.</p>
<p>Any transformation of an agent-order slice that is valid in the absence of shared memory is valid in the presence of shared memory, with the following exceptions.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><em>Atomics are carved in stone</em>: Program transformations must not cause any <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17241"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">Shared Data Block events</a></emu-xref> whose <var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> to be removed from the <emu-xref href="#sec-agent-order" id="_ref_17242"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-agent-order">is-agent-order-before</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17243"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref>, nor to be reordered with respect to each other, nor to be reordered inside an agent-order slice with respect to events whose <var class="field">[[Order]]</var> is <emu-const>unordered</emu-const>.</p>
<p>(In practice, the prohibition on reorderings forces a compiler to assume that every <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> operation is a synchronization and included in the final <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-order" id="_ref_17244"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-order">is-memory-order-before</a></emu-xref> <emu-xref href="#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type" id="_ref_17245"><a href="ecmascript-data-types-and-values.html#sec-set-and-relation-specification-type">Relation</a></emu-xref>, which it would usually have to assume anyway in the absence of inter-<emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17246"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> program analysis. It also forces the compiler to assume that every call where the callee's effects on the memory-order are unknown may contain <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> operations.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><em>Reads must be stable</em>: Any given shared memory read must only observe a single value in an execution.</p>
<p>(For example, if what is semantically a single read in the program is executed multiple times then the program is subsequently allowed to observe only one of the values read. A transformation known as rematerialization can violate this rule.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><em>Writes must be stable</em>: All observable writes to shared memory must follow from program semantics in an execution.</p>
<p>(For example, a transformation may not introduce certain observable writes, such as by using read-modify-write operations on a larger location to write a smaller datum, writing a value to memory that the program could not have written, or writing a just-read value back to the location it was read from, if that location could have been overwritten by another <emu-xref href="#agent" id="_ref_17247"><a href="executable-code-and-execution-contexts.html#agent">agent</a></emu-xref> after the read.)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><em>Possible read values must be non-empty</em>: Program transformations cannot cause the possible read values of a shared memory read to become empty.</p>
<p>(Counterintuitively, this rule in effect restricts transformations on writes, because writes have force in <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17248"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> insofar as to be read by <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17249"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">read events</a></emu-xref>. For example, writes may be moved and coalesced and sometimes reordered between two <emu-const>seq-cst</emu-const> operations, but the transformation may not remove every write that updates a location; some write must be preserved.)</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Examples of transformations that remain valid are: merging multiple non-atomic reads from the same location, reordering non-atomic reads, introducing speculative non-atomic reads, merging multiple non-atomic writes to the same location, reordering non-atomic writes to different locations, and hoisting non-atomic reads out of loops even if that affects termination. Note in general that aliased <emu-xref href="#typedarray" id="_ref_17250"><a href="ordinary-and-exotic-objects-behaviours.html#typedarray">TypedArrays</a></emu-xref> make it hard to prove that locations are different.</p>
</div></emu-note>
<emu-note><span class="note">Note 3</span><div class="note-contents">
<p>The following are guidelines for ECMAScript implementers generating machine code for shared memory accesses.</p>
<p>For architectures with memory models no weaker than those of ARM or Power, non-atomic stores and loads may be compiled to bare stores and loads on the target architecture. Atomic stores and loads may be compiled down to instructions that guarantee sequential consistency. If no such instructions exist, memory barriers are to be employed, such as placing barriers on both sides of a bare store or load. Read-modify-write operations may be compiled to read-modify-write instructions on the target architecture, such as <code>LOCK</code>-prefixed instructions on x86, load-exclusive/store-exclusive instructions on ARM, and load-link/store-conditional instructions on Power.</p>
<p>Specifically, the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17251"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> is intended to allow code generation as follows.</p>
<ul>
<li>Every atomic operation in the program is assumed to be necessary.</li>
<li>Atomic operations are never rearranged with each other or with non-atomic operations.</li>
<li>Functions are always assumed to perform atomic operations.</li>
<li>Atomic operations are never implemented as read-modify-write operations on larger data, but as non-lock-free atomics if the platform does not have atomic operations of the appropriate size. (We already assume that every platform has normal memory access operations of every interesting size.)</li>
</ul>
<p>Naive code generation uses these patterns:</p>
<ul>
<li>Regular loads and stores compile to single load and store instructions.</li>
<li>Lock-free atomic loads and stores compile to a full (sequentially consistent) fence, a regular load or store, and a full fence.</li>
<li>Lock-free atomic read-modify-write accesses compile to a full fence, an atomic read-modify-write instruction sequence, and a full fence.</li>
<li>Non-lock-free atomics compile to a spinlock acquire, a full fence, a series of non-atomic load and store instructions, a full fence, and a spinlock release.</li>
</ul>
<p>That mapping is correct so long as an atomic operation on a <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model-fundamentals" id="_ref_17252"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model-fundamentals">memory range</a></emu-xref> does not race with a non-atomic write or with an atomic operation of different size. However, that is all we need: the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17253"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> effectively demotes the atomic operations involved in a race to non-atomic status. On the other hand, the naive mapping is quite strong: it allows atomic operations to be used as sequentially consistent fences, which the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17254"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref> does not actually guarantee.</p>
<p>Local improvements to those basic patterns are also allowed, subject to the constraints of the <emu-xref href="#sec-memory-model" id="_ref_17255"><a href="memory-model.html#sec-memory-model">memory model</a></emu-xref>. For example:</p>
<ul>
<li>There are obvious platform-dependent improvements that remove redundant fences. For example, on x86 the fences around lock-free atomic loads and stores can always be omitted except for the fence following a store, and no fence is needed for lock-free read-modify-write instructions, as these all use <code>LOCK</code>-prefixed instructions. On many platforms there are fences of several strengths, and weaker fences can be used in certain contexts without destroying sequential consistency.</li>
<li>Most modern platforms support lock-free atomics for all the data sizes required by ECMAScript atomics. Should non-lock-free atomics be needed, the fences surrounding the body of the atomic operation can usually be folded into the lock and unlock steps. The simplest solution for non-lock-free atomics is to have a single lock word per SharedArrayBuffer.</li>
<li>There are also more complicated platform-dependent local improvements, requiring some code analysis. For example, two back-to-back fences often have the same effect as a single fence, so if code is generated for two atomic operations in sequence, only a single fence need separate them. On x86, even a single fence separating atomic stores can be omitted, as the fence following a store is only needed to separate the store from a subsequent load.</li>
</ul>
</div></emu-note>
</emu-clause>
</emu-clause></div></body>
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